初中英语被动被动语态.pptx

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1、一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.主语谓语(vt.)宾语English is spoken by us.主语谓语宾语主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态主动语态表示表示主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者，被动语态被动语态表示表示主语主语是是动作的动作的承受者承受者。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示英语用：助动词助动词be+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词构成。第1页/共44页Read text-2 When can we use the passive voice?不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执行者时。My

2、bikewasstolenlastnight.昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八点收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那个包是她姐姐提走的。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。第2页/共44页1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebythemi

3、nthatfactory.3.PeopleplanttreesinSpring.TreesareplantedbypeopleinSpring.4.Hismotherusuallywashesdishesafterdinner.Dishesareusuallywashedbyhismotherafterdinner.5.MoreandmorepeoplespeakChineseintheworld.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.第3页/共44页二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全

4、一样。以 givegive为例，列表如下：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般过去将来时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时:将来完成时：过去将来完成时：am/is/are+done am/is/are+done was/were+was/were+donedone shall shall/will will+be be donedone(is/are(is/are goinggoing toto bebedone)done)should/would+be done am/is/are+being+am/is/are+being+donedone was/were+being+

5、was/were+being+donedone have/has+been+have/has+been+donedone had+been+done shall/will+have been+done should/would+have been+done 第4页/共44页三、常见时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the library wi

6、thout a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the library without a teacher.第5页/共44页2.一般过去时：(1)My cousin bought a book yesterday.The book was bought by my cousin yesterday.(2)She designed the fashion clothes.The fashion clothes were designed by her.(3)They didnt speak English after class English wasnt

7、 spoken by them after class.第6页/共44页 3.一般将来时：(1)Her parents will send her abroad.She will be sent abroad by her parents.(2)We are going to hold a sports meeting tomorrow.A sports meeting is going to be hold tomorrow.第7页/共44页4.现在进行时：(1)They are doing their homework on the computer now.Their homework

8、is being done on the computer now.(2)We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted by us.第8页/共44页5.过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road at 7 yesterday.The road was being mended at 7 yesterday.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time las

9、t year.第9页/共44页 6.现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.第10页/共44页四、含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。(1)You must hand in your articles after cla

10、ss.Your articles must be handed in after class.(2)He can write many letters with the computer.Many letters can be written with the computer by him.第11页/共44页将下列主动语态转换成被动语态：1.HasPeteransweredallthequestions?Have all the questions been answered by Peter?2.Theyhavefoundwaystoreducethepollution.Ways have

11、 been found to reduce the pollution.3.Someonemusttakecareofthechildrenwhenwegoout.The children must be taken care of when we go out.第12页/共44页4.Tomisrepairinghisbicyclenow.His bicycle is being repaired by Tom now.5.TheywontholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.The meeting wont be held until next Friday.第13页/

12、共44页将下列被动语态转换成主动语态：1.Yourworkshouldbedoneinanhour.You should do your work in an hour.2.ThejobhasbeenfinishedbyAmy.Amy has finished the job.3.AmodelplaneisbeingmadebyJerry.Jerry is making a model plane.第14页/共44页4.The problem shall be discussed at tomorrows meeting.Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrowsm

13、eeting.5.The letter may be written with a pencil.Youmaywritetheletterwithapencil.6.Was the snow being removed by these workers at 8 yesterday morning.Weretheworkersremovingthesnowat8yesterdaymorning?第15页/共44页1).不及物动词(或者词组)没有被动语态。如：belongto,happen,take place,last,cometrue,die,arrive,等。*Greatchangesha

14、vetakenplaceinthiscity.*ThatbikedoesntbelongtoMike.第16页/共44页2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fit/ownIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.【正】Lookattheblackboard，please【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。第17页/共44页4)反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。【正】Youmustlookafteryourself【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter第18页/共44页感官系动词没有被动语态f

15、eel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell等这鱼味道很好。Thefishtastesgood.这条围巾摸上去很软。Thescarffeelssoft.第19页/共44页这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。Thebooksellswell.Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.这书卖完了。Thebookissoldout.有些动词既是及物又是不及物动词，用作不及物动词时和well,badly,easily等副词连用，表示主语内在品质或性能。如：write,grow,print,sell,wash等第20页/共44页Thehouseneeds cleaning.房子

16、需要打扫了。Thehouseneedstobecleaned.在need,want,等少数表示“需要”的动词第21页/共44页带复合宾语的被动语态结构（）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavehearseenotice第22页/共44页(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplay

17、ingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/.第23页/共44页（3）Weoftenhearthemsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).第24页/共44页BobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.tellaskbringwriteshowgiveteachpasslendt

18、o2.双宾语结构的被动语态第25页/共44页Mummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydrawsinggetfor第26页/共44页1.I was given a book by him.He gave me a book.(变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾2.A book was given to me by him.第27页/共44页My mother bought me a birthday cake.主语谓语间宾直宾1.I was bought a birthday cake by m

19、y mother.2.A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.第28页/共44页Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.3.Itisreported/据报道believed/人们相信hoped/人们希望saidthat.据说4.WholockedthedoorlastWednesday?BywhomwasthedoorlockedlastWednesday?第29页/共44页1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knive

20、s_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）第30页/共44页3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.第3

21、1页/共44页5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused第32页/共44页7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished第33页/

22、共44页9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.weweregivenweregiventous第34页/共44页10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone第35页/共44页12.Hecanmend

23、thebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken第36页/共44页14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?isstudiedIstalkedbythem第37页/共44页

24、wasntinvitedaresoldbedonehavetakenwasbuiltbetaken1.-WhydidntyougotoJimsbirthdayparty?-Oh.I_(notinvite)2.-Whatdoyouwant,sir?-Couldyoutellmeifcomputers_(sell)inthisshop.3.-Alotofthingsshould_(do)toprotecttheenvironment.-Iagreewithyou.4.Greatchanges_(take)placeinmyhometownsince1990.5.-When_thebridge_(b

25、uild)?Doyouknow?-Twoyearsago.6.-CanItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?-SorryMagazinesofthiskindcant_(take)out.第38页/共44页1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavetoBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_now.A.deve

26、lopedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItoldACA第39页/共44页4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthat

27、theywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesignedDCB第40页/共44页7.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeense

28、tupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup8.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost9.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding10.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.fe

29、elsD.isfeltBDAC第41页/共44页11.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten12.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped13.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingoutBCA第42页/共44页14.Thecomputersonthe

30、table_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto15.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread16.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch17.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobecheckedDCCD第43页/共44页感谢您的观看！第44页/共44页