JamesJoyce詹姆斯乔伊斯.pptx

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1、James Joyce(2 February 1882 13 January 1941)Irish novelist and poetone of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century.第1页/共38页James Joyces introductionuBirth and Death:2 February 1882 13 January 1941uFamily:Born in Dublin,Ireland.His family was initially well

2、off as Dublin merchants.uNationality:IrishuOccupation:Novelist,poet,teacher第2页/共38页uWorks:the short-story：collection Dubliners(1914)都柏林人the novel：Ulysses(1922)尤利西斯 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man(1916)一个青年艺术家的画像 Finnegans Wake(1939)芬尼根守灵夜other writings:poetry,play,occasional journalism,and h

3、is published lettersuLover:Nora Barnacle(a chambermaid),married in 1931第3页/共38页Introduction and LifetimeAesthetic Concept and Artistic PursuitWriting Style and Major Works The Influences of James Joycecontents第4页/共38页James Joyces lifetimeJoyces familyGain educationExperienceLive in exile第5页/共38页Joyc

4、es familyHis fathers family,originally from Fermoy in Cork,had once owned a small salt and lime works.Joyces father and paternal grandfather both married into wealthy familiesm.His mothers family was a middle-class family.第6页/共38页Gain educationIn 1888,he began at Clongowes Wood College,a Jesuit boar

5、ding school.In 1892,he studied at home and briefly studied at the Christian Brothers OConnell School.In 1893,he was offered a place in the Jesuits Dublin school,Belvedere College.The philosophy of Thomas Aquinas had a strong influence on Joyce for most of his life.In 1898,he studied at University Co

6、llege Dublin(UCD),studying English,French and Italian.Theatrical and literary第7页/共38页ExperienceIn 1891 Joyce wrote a poem on the death of Charles Stewart Parnell.In November of that same year,Joyce was entered in Stubbs Gazette.In 1893,John Joyce was dismissed.Joyces fathers drinking problem the mis

7、management of family property.Joyces family changed from rich to poor第8页/共38页Live in exileIn 1902,Joyce left for Paris to study medicine.In 1903,his mother was diagnosed with cancer(died on 13 August),Joyce returned to Ireland.He and Nora went to pula in Yugoslavia first and then moved the Trieste,m

8、ade a living by teaching English.In 1915,Joyce was in Zrich in Switzerland,taught English at the Berlitz Language School.(with Nora)In 1920,He moved back to Paris.He remained there for the rest of years第9页/共38页Joyces aesthetic concept(美学思想)and artistic pursuit 1：The principle of stasis艺术的“静态平衡”原则；2：

9、The nature of art3：“impersonality”and“the authors withdrawing from novels”(作家退出小说)4：Three characteristics of the artistic beauty5：Three forms of art第10页/共38页1:The principle of stasisIn his view,causing static（静态的）emotion is appropriate,and leading the dynamic emotion is not appropriate.Further,he sa

10、id the dramatic emotion is static,the same as aesthetic emotion desires and dislikes are definitely not a beautiful emotion第11页/共38页2：The nature of art Art is not to escape but expression of life.In other words,art comes from life,heighter than life.Art effects and guids life.Art creates beauty,and

11、beauty refined by artist through their felling and comprehension.Art is aesthemic.第12页/共38页3 3：“impersonalityimpersonality”and“”and“the authors withdrawing from novelsthe authors withdrawing from novels”(作家作家退出小退出小说说)Impersonality it means,when writer in creation,should be hide himself.Dont use the

12、authors idea to write the story,write the character who in the story.Because,when the story have been built,after the story beginning,characters have their characteristics,they have lives,they can decide their destiny.Not the author.Relationship between author and works:artist,first as a shout,a rhy

13、thm,or a mood,then they will become a gleaming narrative,and finally artist out of work.Work just expresses authors mind.第13页/共38页4 Three characteristics of the artistic beauty:wholness(完整)harmoney(和谐)radience(光彩)第14页/共38页5 5 T Three forms of arthree forms of artthe lyrical formthe lyrical formthe e

14、pical formthe epical formthe dramatic formthe dramatic form第15页/共38页Writing StyleIn his writings,Joyce likes to use references to ancient stories and adopts a completely new style of writing which allows the reader to move inside the minds of the characters,and presents their thoughts and feelings i

15、n a continuous dream.This style is known as“stream of consciousness”,and it has had a powerful influence on the work of many other modernist writers.第16页/共38页Major Works第17页/共38页Dubliners都柏林人 Writing backgroundFeatures Brief summary to 15 collectionsMajor themes Tell us something第18页/共38页Writing bac

16、kgroundThe stories were written when Irish nationalism was at its peak.At the crossroads of history and culture,Ireland was jolted（颠覆）by various converging ideas and influences.Meanwhile,the Irish were confused about their national identity.第19页/共38页FeaturesDubliners is consist of 15 stories.In a se

17、nse,each story shows the cute,dirty Dublin and a spiritual paralysed city.Every story is a drama about a souls frustration and failure.All story together show the moral falling in the whole process of the death.Joyce in this collections creats all kinds of characters;adolescent boys,middle-aged alco

18、holic,the governments small staff,university lecturer,laundry room of women,young businessman.Most characters are belong to lower class.第20页/共38页15 collectionsDublinersThe Sisters姐妹们An Encounter偶遇 Araby阿拉比Eveline伊夫琳After the Race车赛之后Two Gallants两个浪子The Boarding House 寄宿公寓 A Little Cloud一朵浮云Counterpa

19、rts 无独有偶Clay粘土 A Painful Case痛心的往事 Ivy Day in the Committee Room会议室里的常春藤日A Mother一位母亲Grace圣恩 The Dead 死者第21页/共38页Major ThemesThe Stages of LifePoverty and Class DifferencesColonization and Irish PoliticsDefeat,Powerlessness,Imprisonment,and ParalysisLonging for Escape 第22页/共38页What does the author w

20、ant to convey to the reader in this short story?The author wants to reveal:“escape”,“frustration”and“paralysis”or living death.Environmental force determines a persons existence and fate.Perplexity and timidity will not lead to happiness or that a hopeful marriage can be destroyed by conservativenes

21、s and spiritual paralysis.Freedom can only be obtained by breaking the bondage or confinement of unreasonable conventions and burdens.第23页/共38页Ulysses(尤利西斯)第24页/共38页structureUlysses comes from Greek mythology.He is the king of Ithaca island(伊塔卡岛）in western Greece,named Odysseus.Ulysses is the Latin

22、version.He had participated in the Trojan war(特洛伊之战).Ten years in the Greek war against Troy,Odysseus was brave,resourceful and spectacular(惊动一时的).He offered a Trojan horse(木马计)to break Troy collaborate with forces from outside.After victory,on his way home he offended Poseidon(海神波塞冬),Because of her

23、 obstruction,he experienced all kinds of hardships and distress.Fortunately,In the tenth years he finally back to his homeland.Each chapter of Joyces Ulysses takes a parallel structure(平行结构)with it to show a philosophical significance.第25页/共38页Main characterLeopold Blum:advertising salesmanDedalus S

24、tephen:a young poetMolly:Blums wife,singerContent:three leading characters a day of life experience in DublinTime:1904-6-16 as early as eight am to 2 oclock in the morning第26页/共38页Content8 am:Blooms life situation10 am:Bloom to find their own spiritual comfort(精神安慰)11 am:Bloom attended the funeral,c

25、ausing a lot of memories and associationsNoon:Bloom met Stephen and Stephens sister 1 pm:Bloom met an acquaintance(熟人)Flynn in the restaurant 2 pm:Bloom pass through the streets and alleys,and saw all kinds of people he knew第27页/共38页4 pm:Blum follow Oboylan to a bar5 pm:Bloom in order to maintain th

26、e dignity of Jews argue with a rascal(无赖)8 pm:summer evening at the beach,Bloom met the girl Gertie,falls in love with her10 in the evening:Bloom visit the patient and met Stephen againUnder the middle of the night:Blum and Stephen spend a long nigh on a carriage,the two people have a happy conversa

27、tion.第28页/共38页EndingStephen and Bloom found spiritual comfort in each other.Molly feel guilty to her husband,decided to give her husband another chanceThe whole novel began with Stephens messy,confused and blurred(迷离)consciousness flow,and end with Molly s torrent(急流)of consciousness flow up to 40 p

28、ages without punctuation第29页/共38页Stream of consciousnessStream of consciousness novel do not pay attention to shape the characters,weaving stories,but focus on the excavation of deep consciousness and subconscious activities.It is often used to describe the complex symbolic structure,the inner activ

29、ities of the characters,and the description of the nature of the characters,which are shown in front of the reader is a figure of the consciousness of the screen,the world is reflected in this screen,causing the feelings of the characters,reflect and associate.These associations,sometimes,are very c

30、lear and complete,sometimes they are fragmented,and even obscure.第30页/共38页Featurestruly reflects the general state of the realities of life,showing the psychological complexity of the ordinary people,modern society and peoples loneliness and despair and the collapse(倒塌)of the spirit.It reveals the e

31、ra of the Irish crisis,but also indicates the human crisis.Blooms family situation reflects the National Outlook at that time.Through the creation to create a new national spiritReflect the spirit of rebellion and resistance(叛逆和反抗)People have a good side(the affirmation of love),also have the evil s

32、ide,reveals the theme of the anti myth.(反神话)第31页/共38页The Influences of James Joyce第32页/共38页The Appraisal of Ulysses A demonstration and summation of the entire movenment.An unique work,a pure prose.The stream of consciousness technique In Vladimir Nabokovs opinion,Ulysses was brilliant.第33页/共38页The

33、French philosopher Jacques Derrida has written a book on the use of language in Ulysses.The psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan used Ulyssess writings to explain his concept of the sinthome(symptom).In 1998,the Modern Library,US publisher of Joyces works,ranked Ulysses NO.1.第34页/共38页The influences of James

34、Joyce An Irish novelist and poet,one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant garde of the early 20th century,Joyces influence is also evident in fields other than literature.Joyces influence over the other writers both of his own and later generation can never be overrated.第35页/共38页 T

35、he writers writer One of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th century,and stated Joycerevolutionised 20th century fiction.Bloomsday which hold in Dublin and in an increasing number of cities worldwide.Central Bank of Ireland issued a silver commemorative coin.第36页/共38页Thank you for you watching!第37页/共38页感谢您的观看！第38页/共38页