英语五种基本句型1.pptx

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1、初高中衔接课第 二 讲 五 种 基 本 句 型 结 构M i s s W u第1页/共51页review（一）挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework.People all over the world speak English.How many new words did you learn last class?Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill

2、.第2页/共51页(二)挑出下列句中的表语-The old man was feeling very tired.-The leaves have turned yellow.-Soon They all became interested in the subject.第3页/共51页(三)挑出下列句中的定语1.What is your given name?2.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4.I am waiting for the so

3、und of the other shoe!第4页/共51页(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.He asked her to take the boy out of school.She found it difficult to do the work.They call me Lily sometimes.I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.第5页/共51页(五)挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile o

4、n her face.Every night he heard the noise upstairs.He began to learn English when he was eleven.The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.第6页/共51页 With the medicine box under her arm,Miss Li hurried off.She loves the library because she loves books.I am afraid that if youve lost it,you must pa

5、y for it.The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.第7页/共51页Grammar Revision 第8页/共51页基本句型 一S+Vi (主+谓)特点：谓语动词能表达完整意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。The sun rises.S +Vi第9页/共51页 S Vi（不及物动词）（不及物动词）Time (fly)Class (begin)The man (not smoke)I (laugh)The sun (rise)fliesbeginsdoesnt smoke

6、am laughingrisesThey stopped to take a short rest.They talked for half an hour.第10页/共51页【活学活用】请用“主语不及物动词”的句型翻译下列句子。1太阳在照耀着。_2月亮升起了。_3我们勤奋学习。_4我们大家都要呼吸、吃和喝。_The sun was shining.The moon has risen.We study hard.We all breathe,eat and drink.第11页/共51页基本句型基本句型 二二S+Link-V+P（主语（主语+系动词系动词+表语）表语），说明主语的说明主语的特

7、征、类属、状态特征、类属、状态、身份。、身份。S +Link-V +PIama student.第12页/共51页 S V（系动词）（系动词）PI (be)a student.He (feel)happy.Everything (look)fun.He (seem)sad.The weather (become)coolamfeelslooksbecomesseems第13页/共51页【活学活用】请用“主语系动词表语”的句型翻译下列句子。1这台机器的情况良好。_2丝绸摸起来又软又滑。_3他似乎对这本书感兴趣。_4真相是他失踪了。(表语从句)_This machine is in good co

8、ndition.Silk feels soft and smooth.He seemed interested in the book.The truth is that he is missing.第14页/共51页 基本句型基本句型 三三 S+Vt+O(主主+谓谓+宾宾)特点：特点：谓语动词有实义谓语动词有实义，但不能表达完整意思，但不能表达完整意思，必须跟必须跟一一个个宾语，宾语，即即动作的承受者动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做做及物动词及物动词。S +Vt +O Iatean apple.第15页/共51页Vt(实义动词）实义动词）1.Who 2.

9、She 3.They (know)(laugh at)(eat)the answer?her friend.some apples.knowslaughed atate第16页/共51页【活学活用】请用“主语及物动词宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。1她微笑着表示感谢。_4我想喝杯茶。_She expressed her thanks with a smile.I would like to have a cup of tea.2他们想查明谁打烂了窗户。They wanted to find out who broke the window.3他不介意受到老师的责备。He didnt mind bei

10、ng blamed by the teacher.第17页/共51页 基本句型 四 S+Vt+DO+IO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。S +Vt +Io Hepassedmea book.Do +第18页/共51页t（及物）（及物）DO间宾间宾（人）（人）IO直宾直宾（物）（物）1.He2.She 3.He (pass)(bring)(buy)herme you a dress.a watch.a book.passedbroughtbought第19页/共51页【活学活用】请用“主语及物动词间接宾语

11、直接宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。1我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。_2太阳给了我们光和热。_3Mr.Smith 教我们数学。_I want to choose a suitable present for him.The sun gives us light and warmth.Mr.Smith teaches us Math.第20页/共51页基本句型 五S+Vt+O+C主+谓+宾+宾补特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才使意思完整。S +Vt +C TheycallmeJohn.O +第21页/共51页 Vt（及物）（及物）（宾语）

12、（宾语）（宾补）（宾补）1.We 2.They 3.What (keep)(call)(make)the table him him clean.Bob.happy?keepcallmakes第22页/共51页【活学活用】请用“主语及物动词宾语宾补”的句型翻译下列句子。1那噪音快要使我发疯了。_2我们要使学校变得更美丽。_3他请我们参加做游戏。_The noise is driving me crazy.We must make our school more beautiful.He asked us to join in the game.第23页/共51页英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种

13、基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。一：+V Vi i （主谓）二：+Link-+Link-V V+（主系表）三：+V Vt+t+（主谓宾）四：+V Vt+Dt+DO O+I+IO O （主谓间宾直宾）五：+V Vt+t+（主谓宾宾补）第24页/共51页第25页/共51页1.Plants need water.1.Plants need water.2.The flower is so fresh.2.The flower is so fresh.3.The sun rises in the e

14、ast.3.The sun rises in the east.4.He gives me some flowers.4.He gives me some flowers.5.We should keep the room clean.5.We should keep the room clean.主主 +谓谓+宾宾 +Vt+Vt+主主+系系+表表 +Link-V+Link-V+主主+谓谓 +Vi+Vi主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 +Vt+DO+IO+Vt+DO+IO主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补 +Vt+Vt+第26页/共51页6.Her father looks young.6.Her fa

15、ther looks young.7.She teaches us English.7.She teaches us English.8.The children are jumping and 8.The children are jumping and laughing happily.laughing happily.9.He often tells me some stories.9.He often tells me some stories.10.The students must keep their eyes 10.The students must keep their ey

16、es closed.closed.主主+系系+表表 +Link-V+Link-V+主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 +Vt+DO+IO+Vt+DO+IO主主+谓谓 +Vi+Vi主主+谓谓+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 +Vt+DO+IO+Vt+DO+IO主主 +谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补 +Vt+Vt+第27页/共51页ex.1 Pleas tell us a story._2 She smiled._3.I have a lot work to do._4.His job is to train swimmers._5.He noticed a man enter the room._6.Please loo

17、k at the picture._第28页/共51页不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例：Hes getting angry.(_)He got through the window.(_)Youll get a surprise.(_)He got his shoes and socks wet.(_)He got himself into trouble.(_)He got her a splendid present.(_)S+v+P S+v+OS+v+OS+v+O+OcS+v+O+OcS+v+O+O第29页/共51页Ex.1.He ca

18、n speak English fulently.2.We have read many books.3.They do shopping at the weekend.4.Buses run from dawn till midnight.5.We are studying hard.6.He became a scientist.7.We made him our monitor.8.I wont have you speaking to your mother like that.9.He had put the book on the desk.S+v+O S+v+O S+v+OS+v

19、i S+vi S+v+P S+v+O+OcS+v+O+Oc S+v+O 第30页/共51页1.We all think it a pity that she didnt come here.2.Ill have my bike repaired.3.I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.4.Anne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.S+V+

20、O+OcS+V+O+OcS+V+PS+V+O+Oc第31页/共51页5他突然病倒了。_6你长得比以前高了。_7他长大后当了教师。_8他静静地站着。_9电梯坏了。_He has suddenly fallen ill.You have grown taller than before.He became a teacher when he grew up.He stood quite still.The lift is out of order/has gone wrong.第32页/共51页5我认为他今晚不会来了。_6我忘了要在哪儿接她了。_7我们期待早日收到你的来信。_I dont thin

21、k he will come tonight.I forget where to pick her up.We look forward to receiving your reply soon.第33页/共51页4那个老人给我们指路。_5请在本周末把所借的书都还回图书馆。_6为了你，我愿意做一切事情。_7请借我些钱，行吗？_The old man showed us the way.Please return all the books to the library by this weekend.Ill do everything for you.Please lend me some m

22、oney,will you?第34页/共51页4我要你把真相告诉我。_5明天我要找人来修理机器。_6每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。_7他们感到汽车行驶得很快。_8我们必须保持身体健康。(in good condition)_I want you to tell me the truth.I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.We hear him reading English aloud every morning.They felt the car moving fast.We must keep our health in good co

23、ndition.第35页/共51页Translate the sentences1.19391.1939年爆发了第二次世界大战.2.2.一天,她高兴地走进我的房间.3.3.一轮红日从东方升起.4.4.张飞在三年级六班.5.5.那个故事听起来很有趣.第36页/共51页6.6.老师好像对我的工作很满意.7.7.早睡早起对人的身体有益.8.8.胡姗姗读过这本书多次了.9.9.我还没决定去还是不去.10.10.周兰借给我一些钱.11.11.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元.第37页/共51页12.王小明常常在课堂上问老师许多问题.13.同学们把课室保持得干干净净.14.我们注意到有许多人站在学校大门口.第38

24、页/共51页句型练习-简单句1.事故是昨天发生的。2.我们已经在这个城市里生活了十年。3.刚才他看上去有些焦急。4.这棵树比以前长得高多了。1.The accident happened yesderday.2.We have lived in the city for ten years.3.He looked worried just now.4.The tree has grown much taller than before.第39页/共51页5.他打算在即将到来的五一外出旅游。6.他爸爸给他买了一本词典作为生日礼物。7.他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。8.老板让他整天做那项工作。5.Sh

25、e plans to travel in the coming May Day.6.Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.7.His father told me not to play in the street.8.The boss made him do the work all day.第40页/共51页并列句并列句(compound sentence):把两个或几个简单句把两个或几个简单句用用并列连词并列连词连接起来，连接起来，则成为一个并列句。则成为一个并列句。第41页/共51页 I turned on t

26、he TV.I watched it.I turned on the TV and watched it.I bought my sister a present.She didnt like it.I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.并列句并列句第42页/共51页常用并列连词coordinating conjunctions平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:选择并列连词:and,bothand,not only but also,neithernorbut,while,yetfor,soor,eitheror第43页/

27、共51页请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.He was tired.He went to bed.2.The child hid behind his mothers skirt.He was afraid of the dog.He was tired,so he went to bed.The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog.第44页/共51页3.He made a promise.He didnt keep it.He made a promise,but He didnt k

28、eep it.4.Mary is opening the door.John is greeting her guests.Mary is opening the door,and John is greeting her guests.第45页/共51页复合句复合句:主句主句+从句从句主句主句是一个是一个完整的句子完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。它可以独立存在。从句从句是一个是一个不完整的句子不完整的句子,它必须和一它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在个主句连用，不能独立存在.并且一般并且一般位于从属连词之后。位于从属连词之后。第46页/共51页By t

29、he time he arrived,1we had already left.2请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。从句主句第47页/共51页在复合句中，主要包含以下类型在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句从句：1.主语从句主语从句 2.宾语从句宾语从句 3.表语从句表语从句 4.同位语从句同位语从句 5.状语从句状语从句 6.定语从句定语从句第48页/共51页vIll give the letter to him when I see him.vHe didnt come yesterday because he was ill.vIt is such a big

30、box that nobody can move it.vWell go to the great wall if its fine tomorrow.有下划线的词叫有下划线的词叫从属连词从属连词 (subordinating conjunction)第49页/共51页Catch the missing words in the song.Fill in the blanks.I a big big girl.It is not a big big thing if you _me.But I do do .I can _ the first leaf_.Can you give us the answers?amleavefeelseefalling第50页/共51页感谢您的观看！第51页/共51页