英语被动语态.pptx

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1、被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构构成，时态通过成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。第1页/共46页1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅

2、音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone第2页/共46页His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改为被

3、动语态第3页/共46页 They play football on Sunday.They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in China.We make these machines in China.People speak English a

4、s the first language in UK.People speak English as the first language in UK.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in China.English is spoken as the first language in UK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑

5、问句吗？你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？第4页/共46页1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词第5页/共46页He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.第6页/共46页 They built the tall b

6、uilding last year.They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.They used this room for resting.They plante

7、d many trees years ago.They planted many trees years ago.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.第7页/共46页2.They b

8、ought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词第8页/共46页Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.第9页/共46页 We will have a sports meeting next week.We will have a sports meeting next week.Children

9、will take some photos on the playground tomorrow.Children will take some photos on the playground tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.The farmers will grow different kin

10、ds of vegetables next spring.Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children on the playground tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegeta

11、bles will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.第10页/共46页3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词第11页/共46页4Amy can take good care of Tina Tina can be taken good care of by Amy.情

12、态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词第12页/共46页1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned o

13、ff by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.第13页/共46页1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）

14、变被动语态）第14页/共46页3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told第15页/共46页5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to hel

15、p them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used第16页/共46页7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished第17页/共46页9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderf

16、ul stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us第18页/共46页10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done

17、第19页/共46页12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken第20页/共46页14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often ta

18、lk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them第21页/共46页下列时态的被动语态构成下列时态的被动语态构成 We have finished our compositions.第22页/共46页We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词第23页/共46页总结：总结：总结：总结：各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被

19、动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成第24页/共46页一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在完成时：现在完成时：情态动词：情态动词：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成第25页/共46页 时态时态 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般现在时V.(原形原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V

20、.pp一般过去时一般过去时V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp一般将来时一般将来时will+V.(原形原形)will+be+V.pp含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词+V.(原形原形)情态动词情态动词+be+V.pp第26页/共46页主动语态变被动语态口诀主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，宾语提前主语变，原主变宾原主变宾by后见，后见，时态人称时态人称be关键。关键。第27页/共46页 何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如：Football is pl

21、ayed all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：执行者时。例如：My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。第28页/共46页三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is w

22、ell known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 第29页/共46页四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：He was born in October，1989 第30页/共46页 主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:一、使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：

23、hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。1)I heard him sing last night.He was heard to sing last night.2)We saw him walk into the building.He was seen to walk into the building.3)The boss made them work 10 hours a day.They were made to work 10 hours a day.第31页/共46页make sb.dosee sb.dohear sb.dolet sb.dowatch sb

24、.do be made to do be seen to dosb.be heard to do be let to do be watched to do主动被动第32页/共46页考点三含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 1)Someone gave the boy an apple.(间接宾语)(直接宾语)An apple(物)was given_ the boy.The boy（人）was given an apple.2)His father bought him a present.A present（物）was bought _him.He（人）was bought a present

25、.to for第33页/共46页give sb.sth.pass sb.sth.sell sb.sth.make sb.sth.buy sb.sth.be given to sb.be passed to sb.be sold to sb.Sth be made for sb.be bought for sb.主动被动第34页/共46页【考点四考点四】look for look aftertake care ofhand inlaugh atspeak tobe looked forbe looked afterbe taken care ofbe handed inbe laughed at

26、be spoken to不要漏掉介词不要漏掉介词.Lily took care of the baby.The baby was taken care of by Lily.主动被动小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，不能丢掉其中的_。介词或副词第35页/共46页第36页/共46页历届中考试题小试身手历届中考试题小试身手1 What a nice garden!-It _ every day.A is cleaning B has cleaned C must clean D is cleaned 2The computers _ to the village school as present

27、s last month.A are given B given C were given D gave 3 It is reported that the Underground Line No.3 _ in Nanjing in 2016.A will build B has built C will be built D has been built 第37页/共46页4.The letter is _ in French.I cant read it.A writing B written C wrote D writes5.When _this kind of computer_?-

28、Last year.A did,use B was,used C is,used D are,used第38页/共46页6.Thousands of trees over the mountains _ by the farmers last year.A planted B was planted C were planted D will plant第39页/共46页7.The medicine_ in a dry and cool place A keep B must keep C must be kept D must be keep 8.This dictionary mustnt

29、_ from the library A take away B taken awayC are taken away D be taken away9.No one knows how the huge rocks_ and _without our modern machines eight hundred years ago A are cut；moved B were cut；move C are cut；moving D were cut；moved 第40页/共46页10.Look at the sign on the right.Oh,parking _here.A doesnt

30、 allow B isnt allowed C didnt allow D wasnt allowed11.Did you go to Sams weekend party?No,I _.A am not invited B wasnt invited C havent invited D didnt invited12.The telephone_by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.A was invented B has been invented C is invented D will be invented13.Last year,Li Hua,a co

31、llege student,_ to work for the Olympic Games.A is choosing B is chosen C was choosing D was chosen第41页/共46页14.When you leave the room,make sure the door _.A was locked B is lockedC will be locked D should be locked15.I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up.Thats great.Chinese teachers _ in Ch

32、ina and some foreign countries.A need B are needing C are needed D will need第42页/共46页16.English _ in many countries,but Chinese_ their own language.A is spoken,speaks B speaks,is spoken C is spoken,is spoken D is spoken,speak17.The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.Thanks.It _ by my m

33、other last month.A made B is made C has been made D was made18.The children _ to swim last month and they can swim very well now.A are taught B were taught C have taught D taught第43页/共46页19.What should we do first if we want to develop our village?-A lot of new roads _,I think.A have to build B must

34、 build C have built D must be built20.James is my friend.He _Jim for short.A calls B is called C called D is calling21.Twenty students in this University _ to Australia to study last year,and more students are expecting to have the chance next year.A are sent B were sent C will send D.send第44页/共46页Thats all.第45页/共46页感谢您的观看！第46页/共46页