英语测控专业英语.pptx
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1、Text tourOutline 4.1 Introduction4.2 Elements of Probability Theory4.3 Amplitude Distribution and Moments4.4 The Autocorrelation and Power Spectral Density 2023/3/261测控技术与仪器英语教程第1页/共44页4.1 IntroductionThe background of random signalsExample about several signalsFigure 4.1 Signal displaying(a)random
2、amplitude,(b)random timing of transition between fixed levels,and(c)random amplitude and timing components in an essentially repetitive waveform.2023/3/262测控技术与仪器英语教程第2页/共44页4.1 IntroductionThe origin of random signal and the way of dealing with it 2023/3/263测控技术与仪器英语教程第3页/共44页4.2 Elements of Probab
3、ility Theory4.2.1 The probability of an Event4.2.2 Joint and Conditional Probabilities4.2.3 The Probability Density Function2023/3/264测控技术与仪器英语教程第4页/共44页4.2.1 The Probability of an EventUsing examples to define the probability of an eventthe basic additive law of probability =2023/3/265测控技术与仪器英语教程第5
4、页/共44页4.2.2 Joint and Conditional ProbabilitiesThe joint probabilityThe conditional probabilitiesThe Bayes rule,relates the conditional probability of A given B to that of B given A.2023/3/266测控技术与仪器英语教程第6页/共44页4.2.2 Joint and conditional probabilitiesThe statistically independentThe joint and condi
5、tional probabilities relevance to signals and signal analysis Figure 4.2(a)A portion of a random sampled-data signal with six discrete levels and(b)the probabilities associated with each level2023/3/267测控技术与仪器英语教程第7页/共44页4.2.3 The Probability Density Functionthe probability density function Figure 4
6、.3 A continuous random signal2023/3/268测控技术与仪器英语教程第8页/共44页4.2.3 The Probability Density FunctionExample2023/3/269测控技术与仪器英语教程第9页/共44页 4.3 Amplitude Distribution and Momentsamplitude distributions:)deterministic signals 2023/3/2610测控技术与仪器英语教程第10页/共44页4.3 Amplitude Distribution and Moments )the amplitu
7、de distribution of a signal tells us nothing about its detailed structure or spectrum,nor is it a unique property of the signal.Figure 4.6 Portions of four waveforms with identical amplitude distributions 2023/3/2611测控技术与仪器英语教程第11页/共44页4.3 Amplitude Distribution and MomentsThe first central moment i
8、s also called the expectedThe second central moment is referred to as the standard deviation.2023/3/2612测控技术与仪器英语教程第12页/共44页4.3 Amplitude Distribution and Momentsthe central moments and moments are closely related 2023/3/2613测控技术与仪器英语教程第13页/共44页4.4 The Autocorrelation and Power Spectral Density4.4.1
9、 The Spectral Properties of Random Signals4.4.2 The Autocorrelation Function4.4.3 The Power Spectral Density Function2023/3/2614测控技术与仪器英语教程第14页/共44页4.4.1 The Spectral Properties of Random SignalsThe spectral measure of random signals is very useful Figure 4.72023/3/2615测控技术与仪器英语教程第15页/共44页4.4.2 The
10、Autocorrelation FunctionThe autocorrelation function(ACF)of a signal waveform is an average measure of its time-domain propertiesfinite ACF 2023/3/2616测控技术与仪器英语教程第16页/共44页4.4.2 The Autocorrelation Functionthe shift is equal to a multiple of the sampling interval T some of ACFs principal properties 2
11、023/3/2617测控技术与仪器英语教程第17页/共44页4.4.2 The Autocorrelation FunctionFigure 4.8 (a)A signal with two discrete frequency components,and(b)its autocorrelation function2023/3/2618测控技术与仪器英语教程第18页/共44页4.4.2 The Autocorrelation FunctionThe peak value of ACF is given by 2023/3/2619测控技术与仪器英语教程第19页/共44页4.4.3 The
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