英语学习高中语法之定语从句.pptx

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1、第1页/共32页Attributive ClauseShe is an English teacher who likes singing songs.定语从句先行词关系词关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhose关系副词:wherewhenwhy关系词第2页/共32页1)Do you know the man _is standing over there?who/that who/that (that/who/whom)(that/who/whom)(that/which)(that/which)that/whichthat/whichFill in the blanks2)Th

2、e girl _we were talking about is Joan.3)The book _ is about the USA has been lost.4)Did you see the pen _ I lost yesterday?第3页/共32页I know the doctor.His daughter studies abroad.I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.Have you seen my book?The books cover is red.Have you seen my book whose co

3、ver is red.Join the pairs of sentences第4页/共32页(人)Whose Whose+=the+=the+of whom of whom=of whom+the+=of whom+the+(物)Whose+=theWhose+=the+of which=of which+of which=of which +the+the+whose 可以指代人或者物The house _ roof is brown is mine.whoseThere are many students in our class _ homes are in the countrysid

4、e.the roof of which/of which the roofwhosethe homes of whom/of whom the homes第5页/共32页“介词+关系词”的定语从句:Situation 1The man _you spoke was a scientist.The man _you spoke was a scientist.The city _she lives is far away.The city _she lives is far away.tointhat/who/whomthat/who/whomthat/whichthat/which The m

5、an The man to that/who/whomthat/who/whom you spoke was a scientist.you spoke was a scientist.The city The city in that/whichthat/which she lives is far away.she lives is far away.Situation 2 第6页/共32页Can you work them out?1 A)1 A)Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.B)B)Who can gi

6、ve me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?forforonon2A)2A)The farm _ which we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be.B)B)This is the tree _which he we used to play games.ononunderunderwhenwhywherewhere第7页/共32页Tips关系副词(used as adverbial)when,where,why=prep.+whiche.gwhen=in/on/at/during+wh

7、ich,where=in/on/at/under+which,why=for+which.第8页/共32页 Do you still remember the days _there was no electricity?Do you still remember the days _we spent together?when(which/that)The place _Lu Xun once worked has become a museum.The place _ I visited last week is in HongKong.where(which/that)Can you w

8、ork them out?Can you work them out?第9页/共32页先行词人从句中做主语 who/that宾语(who/whom/that)先行词物从句中做主语 which/that宾语(which/that)先行词人/物，在从句中做定语时 时间地点先行词在从句中做whenwherewhy关系词的用法关系词的用法原因状语时whose第10页/共32页 The man in the black coat,that/who used to be our headmaster,has just come back from Italy.A young man,(that/who/w

9、hom)I didnt know,asked me to give you the message.The book,that he bought yesterday,is popular with us.非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句 which第11页/共32页Ill never forget the day when we first met each other.His mother does morning exercises every day,which is good for her health.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别His brother who work

10、s in the hospital is called Tom.His brother,who works in the hospital,is called Tom.第12页/共32页Correct the sentences:1.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.3.The man to who I spoke is from Canada.4.September 11,2001 is the day when well never forget.whom_5.I will never forget the day when I s

11、pent with you.6.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.(that/which)(that/which)that/which第13页/共32页Choose the best answers.1.Do you know the student _?A.Whom I often talk B.with who I often talk C.I often talk with D.that I often talk2.Recently I bought a vase,_ was very reasonable.A.which p

12、rice B.whose price C.its price D.the price of whose3.That is the reason _ he wasnt here yesterday.A.why B.that C.what D.in which4.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when5.After living in Paris for fifty yea

13、rs,he returned to the small town _he grew up as a child.A.Which B.where C.that D.when 6.Mount Blanc,_ we visited last summer,is the highest mountain in Europe.A.where B.which C.that D.to which第14页/共32页1）先行词是不定代词,如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,the one,some 等。Is there anything t

14、hat you want?This is all that I can do for you.只用that,不用which的情况：2）先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,one of,the only,the very,the right,等所修饰时。The only thing that he remembered was her name.Is it the one(that)you want?3）先行词前被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is the first film that Ive seen since I came here.第15

15、页/共32页 4）先行词中既有人又有物时。They talked about the teachers and the things（that）they remembered in the school.5）在以疑问词who或which开头的句子中 Who is the man that is shouting there?Which is the book that you want to buy?第16页/共32页定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that的情况。、当关系代词前面有介词时。Is this the room in which Mr.White lives?、在非限制性定语从句中

16、。Johns dog,which was now very old,became ill and died.、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个从句 的关系代词用了that，另一个宜用which。Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.第17页/共32页6.先行词是人时只宜用who不宜用that的情况：1）当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those 等,指人时一般用who，不用that.Anyone who break

17、s the law should be punished.Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.2）在 there be 开头的句子中 There is a comrade who wants to see you.3)在非限制性定语从句中 On the second floor,there lived a young man,who was a artist.第18页/共32页第19页/共32页as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句This is such an i

18、nteresting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:Please complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本

19、书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)This is the same pen _I lostasthe sameas，such.as,soas中as引导的是限制性定语从句第20页/共32页补充：补充：asas与与whichwhich引导的非限制性定语从句：引导的非限制性定语从句：1.As1.As（正如，就像），引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中、句末。正如，就像），引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中、句末。which which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在句末。引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在句末。As we all know,the earth is r

20、ound.As we all know,the earth is round.As is known to all,the sun rises in the east.As is known to all,the sun rises in the east.第21页/共32页2.2.从句与主句语义一致时常用从句与主句语义一致时常用as,as,反之反之用用whichwhich。She has married again,as was She has married again,as was expected.expected.She has married again,which was She

21、 has married again,which was unexpected.unexpected.第22页/共32页3.as 3.as 在从句中做主语时，常接行为动在从句中做主语时，常接行为动词的被动语态词的被动语态,如：如：as is known/said/as is known/said/reported,reported,如果从句中行为动词是如果从句中行为动词是主动，一般用主动，一般用which.which.She has been late again,as was She has been late again,as was expected.expected.Tom has m

22、ade great progress,Tom has made great progress,which made us happy.which made us happy.第23页/共32页补充：关系副词关系副词 where where 的先行词亦可是有的先行词亦可是有地点含义的抽象名词地点含义的抽象名词He has reached the point where a change is needed.There are cases where the word“that”can be omitted.第24页/共32页1（1）There are two boys in Peters，bot

23、h of _ are white（2）There are two boys in Peters，and both of _ are white2（1）This kind of plant grows best at the places _ are warm and wet （2）This kind of plant grows best _ it is warm and wet定从一些常见句子which/thatwherewhomthem第25页/共32页3(1)Is this museum _ you visited the other day?(2)Is this the museum

24、_you visited the other day?A.that B.where C.in which D.the oneDA4（1）John is one of the students who _ English （2）John is the only one of the students who_ English（3）One of the students _ English。knowknowsknows第26页/共32页5(1).It is the library_I borrowed the book.()(2).It is from this library_I borrowe

25、d the book.()where定语从句that强调句型1.1.It is It is the samethe same dress dress as as I lost.I lost.2.2.It is It is the samethe same dress dress that that I lost.I lost.3.3.It is It is suchsuch a nice book a nice book as as I like.I like.4.4.It is It is suchsuch a nice book a nice book thatthat I like it

26、 very much.I like it very much.（注意意思的区别）（注意意思的区别）第27页/共32页Correct the sentences:9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.10.Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.11.We heard the news which our team won the game.12.The reason which he explained it sounds reaso

27、nable._ that_ that _whyit_第28页/共32页Correct the sentences:13.Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names.14.That was the reason because she looked old.15.Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.16.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to

28、 China.aswho_giveswhy第29页/共32页Correct the sentences:17.It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently.18.The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.19.Which is known to all,many satellite are going around in the sky.20.The students and things which you spoke of are known

29、to us.that_hasAsthat_第30页/共32页Correct the sentences:21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.22.The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today.23.Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory？24.The bike by which I travelled was his.as_Whose_that_on_第31页/共32页感谢您的观看！第32页/共32页