虚拟语气和状语从句.pptx

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1、2.在itissuggested,itisrequested,itwasordered,itwasproposed,itisnecessary,itisimportant等结构后的主语从句,用虚拟语气.Itisimportantthatwe(should)studybothChineseandEnglishwellwhenweareyoung.年轻时学好汉语和英语对我们来说很重要.Itisrequestedthateveryteacherinourclassshouldgiveaperformanceattheparty.我们班级的每一位老师都得在晚会上表演节目.第1页/共16页3.在sugg

2、estion,proposal,order,plan,motion,recommendation等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句,用虚拟语气.Atthemeeting,onlyMrLisupportedmymotionthatwe(should)setupaspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.会议上,只有李先生支持我组建一个特别委员会来研究这个问题.Thesuggestionthatseniorstudents(should)haveclassesatweekendswasturneddown.关于高中学生周末上课的建议被拒绝了.第2页/共16页4.wish后的宾语

3、从句.表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去时;a.IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.我真希望知道这个问题的答案.(事实上不知道)表示过去未能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用had+过去分词;b.IwishIhadnotwastedsomuchtime.我真希望没有浪费这么多的时间.(事实上已经浪费了)表示将来不太实现的愿望,从句的谓语用would+动词原形.c.Iwishyouwouldgowithustomorrow.但愿你明天和我们一起去.(你去的可能性也不大).第3页/共16页5.ifonly后的句子表示现在没有实现的愿望,动词用过去时;表示过去没有实现的愿望

4、,动词用had+过去分词;表示与将来事实相反的假设,谓语动词使用would+动词原形,could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是就好了.”IfonlyIcouldlearnEnglishwellinoneday.要是能在一天内把英语学习好就好了.(事实上做不到)IfonlyIhadnotbeenlatefortheinterview.要是我面试没迟到就好了.(事实上迟到了)IfonlySimonwouldreplytomyletter.要是西蒙能给我回信就好了.(事实上不会回信)第4页/共16页6.wouldrather后的从句.表示现在的愿望,动词用过去时;表示过去的愿望,动词用ha

5、d+过去分词.Iwouldrathershewerenotpresent.我宁可她不在场.(事实上她在场)Iwouldratherhehadtoldmethetruth.我宁可他告诉我事实真相.(事实上他没有告诉我真相.)第5页/共16页7Itis(about/high)time后的定语从句.表示该做某事而没有做,从句的谓语用过去时.Itistimethatwewenthome.我们该回家了(实际没走)Itishightimethatyouwenttobed.你早该睡觉了.第6页/共16页状语从句1.1.地点状语从句.1)此类状语从句通常有从属连词where,wherever引导.从句可位于主

6、句之前,也可位于主句之后.如:IfoundthebookswhereIleftthem.Whereverhehappenstobe,Johncanmakehimselfathome.2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件的意味.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Whereverthereisasmoke,thereisfire.第7页/共16页2.2.条件状语从句引导此类从句的从属连词有:if,unless,so(as)longas,(只要)incase,onconditionthat,supposingthat/supposethat(假设)providedthat

7、/providingthat(倘若)一般情况下,当主句时将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.如:DonotcomeunlessIcallyou.注意:引导的从句中的谓语动词只能是肯定式,unless且不能引导虚拟语气条件句.第8页/共16页Iwilllendittoyouas/solongashandleitwithcare.Incasethereisafire,whatwillyoudofirst?Youcangoswimmingonconditionthatyoudontgotoofarfromtheriverbank.Illgoswimmingproviding/providedmywag

8、esarepaid.Suppose/Supposingthatwecantgetenoughfood,whatshallwedo?第9页/共16页3.让步状语从句引导此类从句的从属连词有:although,though,evenif,eventhough,while,as,whether-or-,nomatter+疑问词和疑问词+ever1)although和though尽管,虽然Heisunhappythough/althoughhehasalotofmoney.Although/Thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.Hesa

9、idhewouldcome;hedidnt,though.Cleverthoughyoumaybe,youcannotdothat.though引导的从句不仅可以用于自然语序,也可用于倒装语序.还可用作副词,意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。第10页/共16页2)evenif和eventhough即使，纵然两者都有退一步设想的意思，可通用。从句中即可用陈述语气，也可用于虚拟语气。如：Eventhough/ifitisraining,wellgothere.Wewontbediscouragedevenif/thoughwefailtentimes.EvenifIwerebusy,Iwouldgo.

10、第11页/共16页4.as尽管，虽然as引导的让步状语从句用于书面语,比though,although引导的从句更有表现力,语气更强.as引导的从句一般放在主语之前,且必须使用倒装语序,即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首.若表语是名词,前置时要省略冠词.如:Childasheis,heknowsalot.Smartassheis,shestudieshard.Muchaslikeit,Iwontbuyit,foritstooexpensive.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.第12页/共16页5.while虽然while引导的让步状语从句常位于句首,相当于

11、although,thoughWhilewedontagreeonthematter,wecontinuetobefriends.WhiletheInternetisbridgingthedistancebetweenpeople,itmayalsobebreakingsomehomesorwillcauseotherfamilyproblems.第13页/共16页6.whether-or-不管还是-,疑问词+ever=nomatter+疑问词不管-,无论-Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.Whatever(Nomatterwhat)yousay,Iwontbelieveyou.Dontletthemin,whoever(nomatterwho)theyareHowever(Nomatterhow)expensiveitmaybe,Illtakeit.注意:whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句.此时它们不能与nomatter+疑问词互换.如:Youcantakewhateveryoulike.Whoeverleaveslastshouldlockthedoor.第14页/共16页第15页/共16页感谢您的观看！第16页/共16页