雅思柱状图模板解析.pptx

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1、第1页/共60页柱状图特点：1.柱状图是动态图表，切入点是描述趋势。2.柱状图写作注重“比较”(找出similarity)和“对比”(找出difference)。也就是说需要横向总结所有柱状图表的共性特征，也要分别描写各个柱子的个性特征。第2页/共60页3.有两种写作方式：其一是对不同时间段内的数据进行比较，适合于数据代表的物体较少且时间界限明确的情况。另外是对单独数据的全程描述，适合于描述数据对象很多且时间划定不清晰的情况。第3页/共60页柱状图柱状图BarChart柱状图写法：把相同属性的柱子顶端连起来（1）趋势特征：线状图（2）数据对比：饼状图第4页/共60页1.more/fewer+n

2、.+than e.g.更多的男性比女性选择了电视。More males than females chose the TV.2.more/less+adj.+than e.g.电视在男性中较在女性中更流行。TV is more popular among males than females.3.the most/least+adj.e.g.最流行的交流方式是因特网。The most popular form of communication is the Internet.4.(not)as many as e.g.同样多的男性和女性选择了计算机。As many males as femal

3、es chose the computer.对两者进行比较的词汇第5页/共60页副词的使用副词的使用1.几乎一样多的小孩和成人看古代历史相关的电视节目。Nearly as many children as adults watch TV programmes about ancient history.2.过去更多的人居住在乡村而不是城镇。In the past,considerably more people lived in the countryside than towns.3.比男性稍微多一点的女性选择了自行车。Slightly more women than men voted f

4、or the bicycle.对两者进行比较的词汇第6页/共60页1.whereas,but,while,although,though+句子2.in comparison with,compared with+n.对两者进行对比的词汇第7页/共60页ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.第8页/共60页第9页/共60页柱状图柱状图线状图线状图四线图分类增长的 car减少的 bus波动的 train tube第10页/共

5、60页196019802000The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960,1980 and 2000.第11页/共60页P1ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.题目题目Thebargraphshowsthechangingpatter

6、nsincommutingbytrain,car,tubeorbusforcommutersinoneEuropeancityintheyears1960,1980and2000.第12页/共60页P2Thenumberofpeopleusingtrainsatfirstrosefromjustunder20%in1960toabout26%in1980,butthenfellbacktoabout23%in 2000.第13页/共60页P3Useofthetubewasrelativelystable,fallingfromaround27%ofcommutersin1960to22%in1

7、980,butclimbingbacktoreach25%by2000.第14页/共60页P4Ontheotherhand,theuseofcarsincreasedsteadilyfromjustover5%in1960to23%in1980,reachingalmost40%by2000,whereasthepopularityofbuseshasdeclinedsince1960,fallingfromjustunder35%in1960to27%in 1980andonly15%in2000.第15页/共60页P5Thegraphindicatesthegrowinguseofcars

8、forcommutingtoworkbetween1960-2000,andthecontinueddeclineinthepopularityofbusesfrombeingthemostpopularmodeoftransportin1960totheleastpopularin2000.第16页/共60页Your Turn第17页/共60页ThechartsbelowshowthenumberofJapanesetouriststravellingabroadbetween1985and1995andAustralianshareoftheJapanesetouristmarket.第1

9、8页/共60页ThetablebelowshowsCO2emissionsfordifferentformsoftransportintheEuropeanUnion.第19页/共60页Thechartbelowshowstheamountofleisuretimeenjoyedbymenandwomenofdifferentemploymentstatus.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.第20页/共60页第一步：分析 X 轴和Y 轴X1：性别 genderX2：就业状态 full-ti

10、me,part-time,unemployed,retired,housewivesY：休闲时间 hours of leisure time第21页/共60页第二步：分析图表第二步：分析图表按按X2的就业状态的就业状态进行分类：进行分类：注意“-”men womenfull-time5037part-time-40unemployed8570retired8570housewives-54第22页/共60页按 X1 男女人群分：男：最多unemployed和retired人群85；最少full-time50女：最多unemployed和retired人群70；最少full-time 37 第2

11、3页/共60页第三步：确定框架有两种逻辑框架，第一是按照人群分类，共是5 类人群；第二种是按照男女性别进行分类。结合图形，很明显就可以看出，5小类可以合并成3大类，employed full-time,part-time 算作工作族；unemployed，retired 算作无工作族，housewives 算作另类工作族。第24页/共60页Thechartshowsthenumberofhoursenjoyedbymenandwomeninatypicalweekin19981999,accordingtogenderandemploymentstatus.开头段：第25页/共60页Among

12、thoseemployedfull-time,menonaveragehadfiftyhoursofleisure,whereaswomenhadapproximatelythirty-sevenhours.Therewerenofiguresgivenformalepart-timeworkers,butfemalepart-timershadfortyhoursofleisuretime,onlyslightlymorethanwomeninfull-timeemployment.主体段：第26页/共60页Intheunemployedandretiredcategories,leisur

13、etimeshowedanincreaseforbothgenders,asmighthavebeenexpected.Heretoo,menenjoyedmoreleisuretimeovereightyhours,comparedwithseventyhoursforwomen,perhapsreflectingthefactthatwomenspendmoretimeworkinginthehomethanmen.第27页/共60页Lastly,housewivesenjoyedapproximatelyfifty-fourhoursofleisuretimeonaverage.Ther

14、ewerenofiguresgivenforhousehusbands.主体段：第28页/共60页Overall,thechartdemonstratesthatinthecategoriesforwhichstatisticsonmaleleisuretimewereavailable,menenjoyedatleasttenhoursofextraleisuretimethanwomen.结尾段：第29页/共60页多柱多柱第30页/共60页The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science i

15、n developing and industrialized countries in 1980 and 1990.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.第31页/共60页多柱第一步：分析 X 轴和Y 轴X1：年代 1980 和1990X2：国家经济状况：工业化国家和发展中国家Y1：学校受教育年限Y2：产出科学家和技术人员人数Y3：研发资金第32页/共60页第二步：分析图表图1：学校受教育年限 两者均升高，工业化国家比发展中国家高图2：产出科学家和技术人员人数两者均升高，

16、工业化国家比发展中国家高图3：研发资金 工业化国家降低，发展中国家升高，工业化国家比发展中国家高三幅图共同说明的趋势？差距越来越大！第33页/共60页第三步：确定框架第三步：确定框架每个图均可以有两个逻辑发展顺序：每个图均可以有两个逻辑发展顺序：按照按照industrialized和和developing来写来写按照按照1980和和1990两个年代来写两个年代来写第34页/共60页Thechartsbelowshowthelevelsofparticipationineducationandscienceindevelopingandindustrializedcountriesin1980a

17、nd1990.Thesedatashowsthedifferencesbetweendevelopingandindustrializedcountriesparticipationineducationandscience.Thesedatashowshowthedevelopingandindustrializedcountriesparticipatedinscienceandeducation.开头段：第35页/共60页In terms of/In respect of the number of years of schooling received,we can see that

18、the length of time people spent at school in industrialized countries was much greater at 8.5 years in 1980,compared to 2.5 years in developing countries.The gap was increased further in 1990 when the figures rose to 10.5 years and 3.5 years respectively.(The length of time people spent at school in

19、 industrialized countries was 6 years more than that in developing countries(8.5 VS 2.5).)主体段：第36页/共60页Wecanseeasimilarpatterninthesecondgraph,whichshowsthatthenumberofpeopleworkingasscientistsandtechniciansinindustrializedcountriesincreasedfrom45to70per1,000peoplebetween1980and1990,whilethenumberin

20、developingcountrieswentfrom12to18.主体段：第37页/共60页Finally,thefiguresforspendingonresearchanddevelopmentshowthatindustrializedcountriesmorethandoubledtheirspendingfrom$180bnto$360bn,whereasdevelopingcountriesactuallydecreasedtheirs,from$75bndownto$25bn.第38页/共60页Overallwecanseethatnotonlywerethereverylar

21、gedifferencebetweenthetwoeconomiesbutthatthesegapswerewidening.注意：not only位于句首时，前半句要用倒装句式第39页/共60页小结柱状图写作要点：u注意不同颜色的柱状体代表的不同类型的数据；u一般不存在极值，但须留意差别较大的同类数据；u注意柱与柱之间的比较，包括大分类和小分类的比较；u注意分段说明，一个段说明一种比较角度；u注意比较柱与柱之间的落差，突出落差的极值。u数据太多，则起点，结点和数量相等点必写，倍数点必写。第40页/共60页条图(翻转90的柱状图)第41页/共60页第42页/共60页第43页/共60页The c

22、hart below shows the different levels of post-school qualification in Australia and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.第44页/共60页第一步：分析 X 轴和Y 轴X1：genderX2：文凭高低Y：各文凭男女各占百分比第45页/共60页第二步：分析图形低学历（skilled vocational diploma）女低于男；中学历（undergraduate diploma,Bachelors degree）女高于男，而且Bachelor

23、s degree 的两者数值基本相等；高学历（postgraduate diploma,masters degree）女低于男第46页/共60页重要点：Skilled vocational diploma男女差距最大Bachelors degree 男女差距缩小到最小第47页/共60页条图(翻转90的柱状图)第三步：确定框架按照学历高低来分，低学历（前三项）高学历（后两项）第48页/共60页P1Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationinAustraliaandtheproportionofmenandwome

24、nwhoheldthemin1999.题目题目Thechartgivesinformationaboutpost-schoolqualificationsintermsofthedifferentlevelsoffurthereducationreachedbymenandwomeninAustraliain1999.第49页/共60页P2Wecanseeimmediatelythatthereweresubstantialdifferencesintheproportionofmenandwomenatdifferentlevels.不同点不同点Thebiggestgenderdiffere

25、nceisatthelowestpost-schoollevel,where90%ofthosewhoheldaskilledvocationaldiplomaweremen,comparedwithonly10%ofwomen.Bycontrast,morewomenheldundergraduatediplomas(70%)andlesswomenreacheddegreelevel(55%).第50页/共60页P3Atthehigherlevelsofeducation,menwithpostgraduatediplomasclearlyoutnumberedtheirfemalecou

26、nterparts(70%and30%,respectively),andalsoconstituted60%ofMastersgraduates.counterpart同类同类第51页/共60页P4Thuswecanseethatmorementhanwomenholdqualificationsatthelowerandhigherlevelsofeducation,whilemorewomenreachundergraduatediplomalevelthanmen.不同点，趋势不同点，趋势ThegenderdifferenceissmallestatthelevelofBachelor

27、sdegree,however.第52页/共60页Your Turn第53页/共60页Thechartshowsthenumberofmobilephonesandlandlinesper100peopleinselectedcountries.第54页/共60页Thegraphshowsthenumberofmobilephonesandlandlinesper100users,forselectedcountries.Overall,mostofthecountriesincludedinthegraphhavemoremobilephonessubscribersthanlandline

28、s.第55页/共60页MostEuropeancountrieshavehighmobilephoneuse.ThebiggestusersofmobilephonesaretheItalians,with88cellphonesper100people.Forexample,Italyhastwiceasmanymobilephonesaslandlines,with88mobilesperhundredpeoplecomparedto45forlandlines.MobilephoneuseislowinCanada,withfewerthan40phonesper100people.De

29、nmarkisalsounusualbecauseithasslightlymorelandlinesthanmobilephones.第56页/共60页However,insomecountries,thenumberoflandlinesishigherthanthenumberofmobilephones.OneexampleistheUSA,wherethenumberofmobiles,at50per100people,ismuchlowerthanthenumberoflandlines,atalmost70perhundred.Asimilarpatterncanbeseenin

30、Canada.ThehighestnumberoflandlinesinthegraphisinDenmark,withabout90per100people.Incontrast,thelowestfiguresforfixedlinesareinItalyandtheUK.第57页/共60页Inconclusion,itseemsthatmobilephoneuseishigherinEuropethaninNorthAmerica.第58页/共60页ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.第59页/共60页感谢您的观看！第60页/共60页