状语从句用学习.pptx

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1、Identify the types of the Adverbial Clauses.1.While I was wondering at this,our schoolmaster took his place.()2.Where there is a will,there is a way.()3.Now that/Since everybody is here,lets begin our meeting.（）4.Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.()5.So clever was he a student that he w

2、as able to work out all the difficult problems.()6.As long as you dont lose heart,youll succeed.()7.Try as he might,he could not find a job.()8.The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son.()时间地点原因目的结果条件让步方式第1页/共54页一一.引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句1.when,while,as;before,after;until,till;since,ever since;

3、once2.every time/next/last/each time/the first time3.the moment/minute/second/instant,immediately,as soon as4.hardlywhen,no soonerthan,scarcelywhen其中when,till,until,before,after,as soon as,the moment等引导时，如果主句的时态是一般将来时，则从句的时态用一般现在时。第2页/共54页when,while,as1._ we were talking,Mr Smiths came in.2._ they c

4、ame home,I was cooking dinner.3.I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at the door.4._ we were watching TV,he was studying.5.He is fat _ his brother is thin.6._ she sang,tears ran down her face.Conclusion:A:A:从句为”当的时候”,从句谓语为延续性动词,主句谓语为非延续性动词(即终止性动词),),三者可通用.B B 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词,只能用when;when;

5、表示”正在那时”,也只能用when.when.C.C.从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时,只能用while;whilewhile;while还可作并列连词,表示”而”.D.D.当强调主句和从句的动作同时发生时,只能用as,as,译为”一边一边;随着”While/As/WhenWhenwhenWhilewhileAs第3页/共54页before,after,since1.He had left the town _ she arrived.2.It was not long _ he left his hometown.3.I played football _ I(had)finished

6、my homework4.Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping.5.It will not be long _ we met each other again.6.I_(be)at his bedside since he _(become)ill.7.It _(be)two years since we _(begin)to use this machine.beforeafterConclusion:1.before引导的从句是过去式引导的从句是过去式,主句是过去时或过去完成时主句是过去时或过去完成时;.主句为主句为过去时过去时,aft

7、er从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时.since从句用过去从句用过去时态时态,主句一般用现在完成时主句一般用现在完成时.It is/has been+一段时间+since从句 “自从已经”It was/wont be+一段时间+before从句“过了才.”beforebeforeafterhave beenbecameis/has beenbegan第4页/共54页till 与与until:1.He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college.2.Not _ he told me did I know t

8、he truth.3.The children _(will come)home until/till its dark.4.It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.till/untiluntilwont comenot untilConclusion:1.位于句首时位于句首时.只能用只能用until,不用不用till.2.notuntil可改写为可改写为:It is/was not until that强调句强调句.3.not until放在句首，主句谓语要部分倒装。放在句首，主句谓语要部分倒装。第5页/共54页一一就就i

9、ll.1._he saw the monster,he turned pale.2.The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country.3.We had _returned home when it rained.4._ had we begun when we told to stop.The moment/minute/As soon asno soonerhardly/scarcelyHardly/ScarcelyConclusion:1.hardlywhen,no soonerthan,scarce

10、lywhen引引导，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。导，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。2.否定词否定词hardly,scarcely和和no sooner 位于句首时，位于句首时，从句要部分倒装。从句要部分倒装。第6页/共54页二二.地点状语从句地点状语从句:where,wherever,no matter where.You would let your children play where you can see them.Wherever/No matter where you put the book,I can find it.第7页/共54页Conclusion:1.条

11、件状语从句中一般用条件状语从句中一般用“主将从现主将从现”.2.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在If引导的条件状语从句的使用：引导的条件状语从句的使用：三三.条件状语从句条件状语从句:if,unless,once,as/so long as（只要）（只要）,so far as(据据所知所知),providing/provided that,on condition that(条件是条件是)If引导的从句引导的从句 主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 were/didwould/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had donewould/should/c

12、ould/might+have done与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 were/didshould dowere to dowould/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形第8页/共54页1.If I_(be)a bird,I would fly to you.2.If you _(leave)home a little earlier this morning,you _(catch)the bus.3._ bad weather stops me,I jog every day.4._ I arrive at Beijing,Ill call you.5.Ill go _

13、 you go.6._ anything important happens,please call me up.werehad leftwould have caughtUnlessOnce as/so long asIf第9页/共54页because,as,since,for四四.原因状语从句原因状语从句:1.because语气最强，强调原因，既可以放在句首，也可以放在语气最强，强调原因，既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。回答句中。回答“why”的提问。的提问。2.since表示表示“既然既然”，语气较弱；强调结果，只可以放在句首。，语气较弱；强调结果，只可以放在句首。3.as语气最弱，强调

14、结果，只可以放在句首。语气最弱，强调结果，只可以放在句首。4.for表示通过逻辑推断得出的原因。表示通过逻辑推断得出的原因。其它：其它：now that,seeing that,considering that,in that,in view of the fact that鉴于鉴于第10页/共54页用用because,as,since 与与for填空填空:1.-Why are you crying,Meg?-_ Ive broken your necklace,mom.2.I went to bed early _ I was tired.3.I was not kind to him_ h

15、e was rude.4._ I had a cold,I was absent from school.5.My mother was ill and I sent for Tom,_ he was a doctor.6._ we are all here,lets begin our class.BecausebecausebecauseAsforSince第11页/共54页五、让步状语从句五、让步状语从句1.He went out,_ it was raining.2._ they are poor,they buy a great many books.3.Child _ he is,

16、he has learnt advanced mathematics.4._he is a child,he has learnt advanced mathematics.5.No matter _ happens,dont be discouraged.6.No matter _ you go,you must write to your parents.7.No matter _ hard he tried,he couldnt open the door.8.No matter _ you marry in the future,he must be an honest man.tho

17、ugh/althoughAlthoughaswhatwherehowwhothough,although,as，while,even if/though,no matter how,whatever,however,whetheror,Even if第12页/共54页Conclusion:1.although多用于句首多用于句首.2.as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,表示表示“尽管、虽然尽管、虽然”。但。但从句要倒装。句型为：从句要倒装。句型为：adj./adv./单数单数n.(不加冠词不加冠词)+as+主语主语+谓语谓语 Young as she is,she can help her

18、mother.Fast as he runs,he is the last one.第13页/共54页六、比较状语从句六、比较状语从句:1.His brother is _ handsome _ he(is).2.The movie was not _ good _ I had expected.3.Your bag is twice as expensive as _(me).4.The driver drives faster _ he used to(drive).5._ knowledge we learn,_(happy)we will be.Conclusion:1.请保持人称代词

19、的格前后一致请保持人称代词的格前后一致.如如:1,3.2.倍数词须加在比较结构的前面倍数词须加在比较结构的前面.如如:3.3.句中相同的成分句中相同的成分,如动词如动词,常常省去常常省去.如如:1,4.asasso/asasminethanThe morethe happieras,than,asas,not so/asas,the+比较级比较级 the+比较级比较级第14页/共54页七、目的与结果状语从句七、目的与结果状语从句1.He got up early _ he could catch the bus.2._ he could catch the bus,he got up earl

20、y.3.I was caught in a shower,_ all my clothes got wet.4.Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.5.There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.6.Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again.7.It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street.8._ cold weather remained for three days

21、_ I had to stay at home all day long.in order that/so thatIn order thatso thatsothatsothatsothatthatsuchSuch thatso that,in order that,in case,for fear thatso（that）,sothat,such that.第15页/共54页1.由由so that;in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用引导的目的状语从句中通常用may,could,can等情态动词等情态动词.2.In order that从句可放于句首从句可放于句首,而而s

22、o that 引导的从句只能引导的从句只能放在主句之后放在主句之后.3.sothat引导结果状语从句时引导结果状语从句时,so修饰形容词或副词修饰形容词或副词,或修或修饰饰many,much,little,few.语序为语序为:so+形容词形容词/副词副词 so+形容词形容词+a/an+n.4.such修饰名词修饰名词,当其修饰单数可数名词时当其修饰单数可数名词时,语序为语序为:such+a/an+形容词形容词+n.Conclusion:第16页/共54页如:It is such a fine day that we go out for a walk.It is so fine a day

23、that we go out for a walk.注意:当so,such置于句首时,主句用倒装So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the problems.第17页/共54页八、方式状语从句八、方式状语从句:1.He stood up _(he wanted)to leave.2.She always talks to me as if she _(be)my sister.3.He walked slowly as if he _(hurt)his leg.as if werehad hurtConclus

24、ion:1.as if从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致有时可省略从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致有时可省略.2.as if 从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气从句不用虚拟语气,从句时态与主句保持一致从句时态与主句保持一致.3.as if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合,则从句用虚拟语气则从句用虚拟语气.与一般现在事实不符合：谓语动词与一般现在事实不符合：谓语动词 were/did 与过去事实不符合：谓语动词与过去事实不符合：谓语动词 had doneas（像，如（像，如),as if/though(仿佛、似乎仿佛、似乎),j

25、ust as（就像）（就像）,第18页/共54页九九种种常常用用的的状状语语从从句句及及其其常常用用的的连连接接词词 时间状语从句 when,while,as,before,after,as soon as,till,until,notuntil,the first/second/last time,the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan where,wherever because,since,as,now that,seein

26、g that,considering that if,unless,now(that),as(so)long as,in case,on condition that,suppose/supposing,provided/providing although,though,even though/if,as,while,no matter which/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whetheror；地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句第19页/共54页九九种

27、种常常用用的的状状语语从从句句及及其其常常用用的的连连接接词词 结果状语从句 so that,sothat,suchthat so that,in case,for fear that,lest how,as,as if/as though than,asas,not so/asas,the+比较级,the+比较级 目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句第20页/共54页1.(04北京春)We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before2.(02上海)He was abou

28、t to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A.as B.untilC.whileD.when3.(05上海)He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A.whereB.when C.thatD.until4.(05福建)Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A.Before

29、B.when C.thatD.until5.(06辽宁)He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A.why B.where C.when D.whileExercises:A.whenD.whenB.whenB.whenC.when第21页/共54页连接词when的用法小结 1.when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：When the film ended,the people went ba

30、ck.When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2.可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：Somebody was doing something/was about to do sth./was on the point of doing sth.(刚要这时突然)when3.还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since;considering that。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you cou

31、ld easily walk there in five minutes.第22页/共54页6.(06天津)The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,_ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A.since B.when C.as D.while7.(04年江苏)_ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unles

32、s 连接词while的用法小结 1.while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对 比。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.2.while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。3.while可表示尽管，相当于although。D.whileA.while第23页/共54页 连接词when,while,as的用法区别：1while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：When/While he was eating his

33、breakfast,he heard the doorbell ring.When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.(不可用while)2从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。如：When you have finished your work,you may have a rest.3表示“随着”，连词用as，不用when或while。如：As the election approached,the violence got worse.4如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间

34、内正在进行的动作时，when,while与as 可互换使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.第24页/共54页1.(01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.whileB.the momentC.suddenlyD.once2.(1998上海)I thought her nice and honest _ I met h

35、er.A.first time B.for the first time C.the first timeD.by the first time3._ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A.He hardly had B.Had he hardlyC.Hardly had heD.Hardly he had BCC第25页/共54页小结：1一些词，如the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlyw

36、hen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan等也可引导一个时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。I didnt wait a moment,but came immediately you called.2一些含有time的名词短语，如every time,each time,next time,by the time等，以及the day,the year,the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。The day he returned home,his father was already dead.Next time you come,please b

37、ring your composition.3.如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.第26页/共54页1.(03北京春)Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes.He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when2.(03上

38、海)A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A.when B.unlessC.afterD.until3.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then CDB第27页/共54页till,until和notuntil小结：1.until/

39、till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：We waited until he came.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：It was not until you tol

40、d me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.第28页/共54页1.(03年北京)He made a mistake,but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as2.(04福建)Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A

41、.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when3.(06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after4.(05北京春)It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.because CCAB第29页/共54页连接词before的小结：一、含义1 We had sailed four day

42、s and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.“才”“不到就”“趁”“还没来得及”二Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Before they reached the station,the train had gone.三1）句型It will be/was段时间before“还要过多久才”如：

43、It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）句型It wont be/wasnt一段时间before“不多久就”。如：It wasnt two years before he left the country.3）句型It is段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班有三年了。It is three years since he lived here.?第30页/共54页五年真题1(2010辽 宁

44、)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair_he wanted to sit next to his wife.A.although B.unless C.because D.if解析：本题考查because 引导的原因状语从句。although“虽然”，表示让步；unless 和if 表示条件。答案：C第31页/共54页2(2010四川)Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break_she got to her office.A.since B.thatC

45、.when D.until解析：句意：因为交通拥挤，当她到达办公室时，已经是午饭休息时间了。get to 是瞬间性动词，由when 引导了一个时间状语从句。答案：C第32页/共54页3(2010浙江)How about camping this weekend，just for a change?OK，_you want.A.whichever B.howeverC.whatever D.whoever解析：句意：这周末去野营怎么样，只是改变一下？好吧，你想怎样就怎样。whatever 作want 的宾语，表示想做的事情。答案：C第33页/共54页4(2010安徽)The engineers

46、are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,_they have the interest.A.wherever B.wheneverC.even if D.as if解析：考查状语从句。“工程师们太忙，以致没有时间进行户外体育运动”与“他们有 这 个 兴 趣”具 有 语 意 上 的 转 折 关 系，后 一 句 表 示 让 步。wherever 表 示 地 点；whenever 表示时间；even if“即使”，表示让步；as if 引导方式状语从句。答案：C第34页/共54页5(2010湖南)Tim i

47、s in good shape physically_he doesnt get much exercise.A.if B.even thoughC.unless D.as long as解析：句意：尽管Tim 没有做太多的锻炼，但他还是把体型保持的很好。“is in good shape”和“doesnt get much exercise”是转折关系，所以用B。答案：B第35页/共54页6(2010新课标全国)Mary made coffee_her guests were finishing their meal.A.so that B.althoughC.while D.as if解析

48、：句意：在客人就要吃完饭的时候，玛丽沏好了咖啡。答案：C第36页/共54页7(2010山东)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_accompanied by an adult.Aonce BwhenCif Dunless解析：考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：学校制度规定任何孩子在一天之内不允许离开学校，除非由成人陪伴。当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句的主语后是一个系表结构时，可以省去从句主语和动词 be。unless表示“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，故选

49、D。答案：D第37页/共54页8(2010北 京)_ they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.AAs BWhileCUntil DOnce解析：句意：一旦学生们决定要上哪所大学，他们就会搜索相关的录取程序。连词once 在此处表条件，而as，while，until均不能用来表条件。答案：D第38页/共54页9(2010江西)Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it?Well,that doesnt matter_you enjoy

50、ed yourselves.Aas long as BunlessCas soon as Dthough解析：考查as long as 引导的条件句。句意：我们的假期耗费了我们很多钱。是吗？只要你们玩得高兴，那没什么关系。unless“除非，如果不”，相当于if.not；as soon as“一就”；though“虽然”，都不符合句意。答案：A第39页/共54页10(2009北京)You may use the room as you like _you clean it up afterwards.Aso far as Bso long asCin case Dever if解析：句意：你可