烧伤冷伤学习.pptx
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1、not be distinguished entirely.I shockstage.not be distinguished entirely.I shockstage.It is It is hypovolemic shock,infective stage.Thehypovolemic shock,infective stage.Theinfective incidence is the hignest in two infective incidence is the hignest in two weeks weeks post burn,repairation stage.Woun
2、d begin post burn,repairation stage.Wound begin to to repair soon after burn happed.In our country repair soon after burn happed.In our country the the treatment level of burn comes up to advanced treatment level of burn comes up to advanced world standards.Most Vnits cured many world standards.Most
3、 Vnits cured many patients patients of exceeding SBA 90%.The total cure rate of exceeding SBA 90%.The total cure rate amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients amount to over 95%,we maintain that patients with large burn area and deep degree burn with large burn area and deep degree burn should b
4、e carried out remaval of eschar and should be carried out remaval of eschar and skin skin 第1页/共51页grafting in batches and by stages.The grafting in batches and by stages.The result was result was satisfied.satisfied.Key words:burn,cold injury,bite Key words:burn,cold injury,bite wound,wound,scald,sh
5、ock,repairation wound,eschar,scald,shock,repairation wound,eschar,skin skin grafting.grafting.第2页/共51页第一节 热烧伤 (Lesson One Burn)(Lesson One Burn)烧伤的临床过程及病理生理特点(一)体液渗出期(休克期)Acute humoral exadative stage(shock Acute humoral exadative stage(shock stage)stage)(二)急性感染期(Infectious stage)(Infectious stage)(
6、三)创面修复期(Repairation stage)(Repairation stage)(四)康复期第3页/共51页临床表现和诊断(一)烧伤面积和烧伤深度估计 1.1.面积的估计(Estimate of burn area)(Estimate of burn area)(1 1)中国新九分法(2 2)手掌法 2.2.深度的估计(Judgemet of burn depth)(Judgemet of burn depth)三度四分法(二)烧伤严重程度(Degree of burn)(Degree of burn)第4页/共51页新九分法部位部位占成人体表占成人体表%占儿童体表占儿童体表%发部发
7、部 头颈头颈 面部面部 颈部颈部33 939+(12_-年龄年龄)双上肢双上肢 双上臂双上臂 双前臂双前臂 双双 手手76 92592驱干驱干 躯干前躯干前 躯干后躯干后 回回 阴阴1313 93193双下肢双下肢 双双 臀臀 双大腿双大腿 双小腿双小腿 双双 足足 521 95+1137 95+1-(12年龄年龄)第5页/共51页三度四分法烧伤程度深度病理临床表现愈合过程一度(红版)表皮浅层,生发层健在,再生能力强局部血管扩张充血渗出轻度红肿热痛,感觉过敏,表皮干燥无水泡,红斑状37日痊愈,短期色素沉着,无瘢痕浅二度(水疱性)表皮生发层,真皮乳头层血浆渗出积于表皮和真皮之间剧痛,感觉过敏,大
8、小不一的水疱,水疱剥脱可见均匀发红、潮湿水肿明显12周,不留瘢痕,色素沉着,多数无瘢痕深二度真皮有附件残留局部组织坏死,皮下层渗出明显痛觉迟钝,可有或无水疱,基底红白相间34周,瘢痕愈合三度(焦痂)达真皮全层,有时深达皮下组织,肌肉和骨骼皮肤坏死,蛋白凝固,形成焦痂皮肤痛觉消失,无弹性,干燥无水疱,皮革样,蜡白,焦黄或炭化,局部温度低,数日后出现树枝状血管24周后焦痂脱去形成肉牙创面,小则斑痕愈合,大则需整形植皮手术第6页/共51页一度和浅二度烧伤第7页/共51页第8页/共51页深二度烧伤第9页/共51页三度烧伤(1 1)第10页/共51页第11页/共51页第12页/共51页第13页/共51页
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