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1、主谓一致第1页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四Please make the best choice!第2页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.语法一致语法一致2.意义一致意义一致3.就近一致就近一致第3页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.When to leave not been decided.(have)2.Going shopping on Sunday one of his habits.(be)3.To do housework difficult for me.(be)4.What he said and what he did always different.
2、(be)hasisiswere第4页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四 2).When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decidedC.has not decided D.have not decided当当when和和where加不定式指的是同一件事时,加不定式指的是同一件事时,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。第5页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第6页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四 总结:一总结:一 语法一致:主语复数,谓语语法一致:主语复数,谓语复数;主语单数,谓语单数;
3、如果主语复数;主语单数,谓语单数;如果主语是不可数名词,谓语用单数是不可数名词,谓语用单数1。从句、不定式、动名词等做主语时。从句、不定式、动名词等做主语时谓语动词视为整体,用单数。谓语动词视为整体,用单数。注意:注意:如果主语是两个或者两个以上的如果主语是两个或者两个以上的名词性从句,谓语用复数。名词性从句,谓语用复数。第7页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.The novelist and poet going to Europe next year.(be)2.The novelist and the poet going to Europe next year.(be)isare
4、总结总结2:两个以上的名词组成一个整体:两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念做主语时,位于用单数概念做主语时,位于用单数第8页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.The Arabian Nights very interesting.(be)2.The United States founded in 1776.isis总结总结3:专用名词如:书名,:专用名词如:书名,戏剧名,报刊名,国家(组织戏剧名,报刊名,国家(组织名),用单数名),用单数第9页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1).Ten thousand dollars _ quite a large sum.A.are B.is C
5、.has D.have2.Ten minutes enough(be)3.Twenty years passed since he left.(have)ishas总结总结4:表示时间、距离、金额、度量:表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语做主语时,视为整体用单数等词语做主语时,视为整体用单数第10页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1).Six times seven _ forty-two.A.are B.is C.have D.was2)10 plus30 40.3)2 times 3 6.(make)is/equalsmakes 总结总结5:加、减、乘、除等数学:加、减、乘、除等数学运算
6、的谓语动词通常用单数运算的谓语动词通常用单数第11页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.Each girl and(each)boy a new hat.(have)2.Every hour and every minute (be)important.3.They each a good hand writing.(have)4 Each of them a good hand writing.(have)has is have has 总结总结6:and连接的两个主语或多个主语前连接的两个主语或多个主语前有有each,every,no 等修饰语时,谓语用等修饰语时,谓语用单数单数第12
7、页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2.非谓语动词,从句或其他短语作主非谓语动词,从句或其他短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:语,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:1).To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health.A.is B.are C.was D.were由由and连接两个名词,包括两个不定式、连接两个名词,包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语,若指同一件事或一两个动名词作主语,若指同一件事或一个概念事,谓语动词用单数形式。个概念事,谓语动词用单数形式。第13页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四4).When
8、we will hold the meeting _ not decided yet.A.is B.are C.be D.was 第14页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3).Playing football not only _ us grow up tall and strong but also _ us a sense of fair play and team spirit.A.make;give B.makes;gives C.makes;give D.make;gives第15页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2 2、舍近求远的原则:舍近求远的原则:语法一致的原则是指主语
9、为单数或复语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时,其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们数时,其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况;要注意一些特殊情况;1)以)以along with,together with,with,as well as,accompanied by,rather than,but,except 连接的两个主语,其谓语的单复数连接的两个主语,其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如:以第一个主语为主。例如:第16页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1.Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is
10、 known2.I,rather than you,_ responsible for the accident.A am B are C has D have第17页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered4.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were第18页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四
11、5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _ invited to the party.A.was B.were C.have been D.had beenThe house,including the garden and the garage,was sold out.第19页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四6.No one except my parents _ anything about it.A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.have knownSeveral passengers,together with th
12、e driver,were hurt.第20页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1。由。由notonlybutalso,neithernor,eitheror,notbut以以及及or连接的并列主语,谓语动词要与最连接的并列主语,谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。Notonlyyourfathersfriendsbutalsoyourfatherlikessmoking.3.就近一致原则就近一致原则第21页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one
13、examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be2)One or perhaps more pages _missing.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been第22页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四Are you or he to drive?Was she or you there?3)Peter,perhaps John,_ playing with the little dog.A.seems B.were C.are D.is第23页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四4)_ he _ I finished
14、the experiment?A.Have neither/nor B.Has neither/norC.Have neither/or D.Have either/or第24页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四5)-_ either he or I fit for the job?-Neither he nor you _.A.Am;are B.Is;are C.Are;are D.Is;isHere is a pen,a few envelopes and some paper for you.guess第25页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2在倒装句中以及在在倒装句中以及在The
15、rebe结构结构中,如主语是并列的,谓语动词往往和中,如主语是并列的,谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。Whereisyourmotherandyoungersister?Thereisapen,twopencilsandfivebooksonthedesk.第26页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)On the wall _ famous paintings.A.have B.are C.is D.has2)There _ a lot of milk in the bottle.A.are B.is C.were D.has第27页,共8
16、0页,编辑于2022年,星期四1并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,这时物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数,这时and后面的名词前没有冠词。后面的名词前没有冠词。ThesecretaryofthePartybranchanddirectorofthatfactoryoftenworkswiththeworkers.意义一致:意义一致:第28页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第29页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)Both the secretary and the manager_ agreed to attend the meeti
17、ng.A.has B.have C.are D.is 2)The secretary and manager _ very busy now.A.is B.are C.has been D.were第30页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2陈述部分用陈述部分用everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone或或no+复数名词等作主语时,复数名词等作主语时,反意部分用反意部分用they。而陈述部分用。而陈述部分用everything,something,nothing,anything时,反意部分代词时,反意部分代
18、词则采用单数,用则采用单数,用it。Somebodyiswaitingforyou,arenthey?Everythingisallright,isntit?第31页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3主语是以主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词以及结尾的学科名词以及news,works(工厂工厂)等都属形式复数,而意义单数的名等都属形式复数,而意义单数的名词,其谓语用单数形式。另外词,其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数一词单复数同形应视具体情况同形应视具体情况而定。而定。Mathematicsseemstobedifficulttolearn.Anewmeansofteachingisb
19、eingusedinthatschool.第32页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第33页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)Every means _ been tried since then.A.has B.were C.was D.has been注:学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时,注:学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时,谓语常用复数。谓语常用复数。Mymathematicsareweak.2)All means _ been used.A.has B.was C.have D.be 第34页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四4the+形容词或分词作主语时,如指一形容词或分词作主语时
20、,如指一类人。其谓语用复数,如指抽象概念,其类人。其谓语用复数,如指抽象概念,其谓语用单数。如:谓语用单数。如:Thericharenotalwayshappy.Thenewissuretoreplacetheold.第35页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四The old _ well looked after by the government in China.A.is B.are C.has been D.was第36页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四5.主语是主语是family,team,group,crowd,class,committee等集合名词时,如果等集合名词时,如果
21、作为一个整体看待,谓语用单数形式,如作为一个整体看待,谓语用单数形式,如指的是全体人员时,谓语用复数。指的是全体人员时,谓语用复数。Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.第37页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四类似这样的集体名词有:类似这样的集体名词有:family,class,audience,committee(委员会)(委员会),crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council(理事会)(理事会),village等。等。The population of the earth is increasing very
22、 fast.第38页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)He said that his family _ all very well.A.are B.were C.is D.was 2)The population of the city _ increasing fast.A.were B.be C.is D.are第39页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3)The United States _ made up of 50 states,one of which _Kentucky.A.is /are B.is/is C.are/is D.are/are4)Zhangs fami
23、ly _ rather big,with twelve people in all.A.is B.are C.being D.was第40页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四5)Now the police _ searching the town for the lost child.A.was B.were C.is D.are.6)The police _ the black in winter.A.wears B.wear C.put on D.puts on第41页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四主语主语people作作“人们,人民人们,人民”解时,谓解时,谓语动词用复数,作语
24、动词用复数,作“民族民族”解时,有单复解时,有单复数之分。数之分。(police,cattle,public)Ourpeopleisagreatone.Thereare56peoplesinChina.第42页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四6主语是疑问代词主语是疑问代词who,what,which,不定代不定代词词all,more,most,any,none等以及名词等以及名词half,part,therest等既可表示复数意义又可表等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义,其谓语视情况而定。示单数意义,其谓语视情况而定。HalfofthevisitorsarefromEurope.Halfo
25、fthefruitisbad.第43页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四The rest of his journey was pleasant.The rest of the girls are fond of music.All of your work is well done.All of your answers are correct.第44页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第45页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A.are B.were C.was D.have been2)Where
26、 _ that five pounds I lent you?A.is B.have C.was D.were第46页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3)Two of them will go first,the rest _ to stay.A.is B.are C.used D.has4)It is not I who _ wrong.A.is B.are C.am D.has been第47页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2“的几分之几的几分之几”和和“的百分的百分之几之几”作主语时,其谓语用单数或复数作主语时,其谓语用单数或复数取决于取决于of后的名词。后的名词。Three-
27、fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.40percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.第48页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四70 percent of the surface is covered with water.70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.第49页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)One third of the population here _ workers.A.is B.have C.be D.are2
28、)About 20 percent of the work _ done yesterday.A.are B.is C.were D.was第50页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四8“oneof+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”之前有之前有theonly,thevery,the等限等限定词和修饰语时,定语从句的谓语动词定词和修饰语时,定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。用单数形式。Sheistheonlyoneofthesewomenwhoplaystheviolin.第51页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)John is the only one of the students i
29、n our class who _ to school on foot.A.go B.goes C.have gone D.are going2)He was the one of the students who _ praised at the meeting.A.was B.were C.is D.are 第52页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四注意:注意:1.one of+复数名词复数名词+(单)谓语,如:(单)谓语,如:One of the students is from the south.2.one of+复数复数名词名词+定语从句(从句动定语从句(从句动词用复数),如:词
30、用复数),如:He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.第53页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3.the(only)one of+名词(复数)名词(复数)+定语从定语从句,从句中谓语动词用单数,表示众多中句,从句中谓语动词用单数,表示众多中只有一个,如:只有一个,如:He is the only one of the students who comes early.第54页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)如果主语是由)如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名连接的两个单数名词,谓语用复数,但前面有词,谓语用复数,但前面有ea
31、ch,every,no 等词修饰时,谓语用单数。例如:等词修饰时,谓语用单数。例如:语法一致语法一致:第55页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country.A.is B.are C.was D.has 第56页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.NostudentandnoteacherisinvitedtothepartyEach doctor and each nurse was sent
32、for.第57页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1).During the holidays every train and ship _ crowded.A.are B.were C.was D.has2)No teacher and no student _ admitted in here.A.are B.were C.is D.has第58页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四主谓一致的测试热点主谓一致的测试热点2由由manya或或morethan+单数名词单数名词作主语时,其谓语用单数形式。作主语时,其谓语用单数形式。ManyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreat
33、Wall.Morethanonestudenthasvisitedtheexhibition.第59页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)More than one person here _ with the disease.A.has been infected B.have been infectedC.has been infecting D.have been infecting第60页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2)Many a student _ that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.have made D.
34、has made第61页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3主语是一些只有复数形式的名词,如主语是一些只有复数形式的名词,如clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves等时,谓等时,谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有前有apairof修饰时,谓语用单数。修饰时,谓语用单数。Mytrousersarebeingwashednow.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.第62页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四This pair of shoes _ m
35、ade in our factory.A.is B.are C.have beenD.had been第63页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四4“anumberof+名词复数名词复数”作主语,作主语,谓语用复数;谓语用复数;“thenumberof+名词复数名词复数”作主作主语,谓语用单数。语,谓语用单数。Anumberofpupilslikereadingpicture-books.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis55.第64页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2)The number of students that you have met _
36、the life of the team.A.are B.is C.were D.be1)A number of students _ from the south.A.are B.is C.have D.has第65页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四成对的名词,如成对的名词,如breadandbutter涂黄涂黄油的面包,油的面包,sodaandwater汽水,汽水,coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡,加牛奶的咖啡,aimandend目的,目的,saltandwater盐开水盐开水等,虽然有等,虽然有and连接,但仍表单一概念,连接,但仍表单一概念,作主语时,谓语用单数。作主语时,谓
37、语用单数。Aknifeandforkisonthetable.特殊知识点特殊知识点第66页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第67页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四2在定语从句中主语是关系代词在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应与谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。先行词的数一致。I,whoamyourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.第68页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四It is not I who _ wrong.A.is B.are C.am D.has beenHe,who _ your good fri
38、end,will share your joys and sorrows.A.was B.are C.is D.am第69页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四3主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词,谓语一般用单数形式。的复数名词,谓语一般用单数形式。TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.第70页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers.A.is being B.are C.were D.is2)The United S
39、tates _ founded in 1776.A.was B.is C.were D.are第71页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四4主语是表示数量的主语是表示数量的“oneandahalf+复复数名词数名词”,其谓语用单数形式。主语是,其谓语用单数形式。主语是“oneortwo+复数名词复数名词”,其谓语用复数形式。,其谓语用复数形式。Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.ThereareoneortwothingsIdliketoknowabout.第72页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四1)One and a half apples _ on t
40、he table.A.is leaving B.is left C.are left D.left2)One or perhaps more pages _ missing.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been第73页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四5主语是主语是“eachof”,“neitherof”,“eitherof”,“oneof”等时,其谓语用单数。等时,其谓语用单数。Eachofthemhashisownduty.第74页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第75页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四第76页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四6用
41、引号的词语作主语时,谓语用单数第三人称。用引号的词语作主语时,谓语用单数第三人称。I _ the ninth letter of the English Alphaber.A.are B.be C.is D.am第77页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四7。在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语,则主语,则who或或that后面的谓语动后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。词的人称和数应和主语一致。ItisMikewhoalwayshelpsmestudymathsafterclass.第78页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四8。wish后接宾语从句用虚拟语气,后接宾语从句用虚拟语气,如表示与现在事实相反,无论主语是如表示与现在事实相反,无论主语是单数还是复数,单数还是复数,be动词用动词用were。IwishIweretenyearsyounger第79页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四9。youth作作“青年们青年们”解作主语时,谓语解作主语时,谓语用复数。用复数。TheyouthofChinatodayaredoingtheirbesttostudymodernscienceandtechnology.第80页,共80页,编辑于2022年,星期四
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