英语被动语态复习.pptx

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1、一、被动语态的定义：一、被动语态的定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用以表语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。第1页/共44页1.They make shoes in that factory.三、主动语态变被动语态三、主动语态变被动语态Shoes are made (by them)in that

2、 factory.一般现在时的被动语态构成一般现在时的被动语态构成：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词第2页/共44页2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词第3页/共44页3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+

3、过去分词过去分词第4页/共44页4.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词第5页/共44页5I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词第6页/共44页6We have

4、 made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词第7页/共44页7.By the end of next week,we will have finished the work.By the end of next week,the work will have been finished by us.将来完成时态的被动语态：S+will have been done第8页/共44页8Ling Feng can take good care of Po

5、lly Polly can be taken good care of by Ling Feng .情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词第9页/共44页Practice第10页/共44页先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动先将主动句改为被动句，再把被动句变为一般疑问句与否定句句变为一般疑问句与否定句句变为一般疑问句与否定句句变为一般疑问句与否定句 1 1People People growgrow wheat in North China wheat in North China 2 2Th

6、ey They boughtbought ten computers last term ten computers last term3.Next week we 3.Next week we will holdwill hold a sports meeting.a sports meeting.第11页/共44页4Some workers are painting the classrooms now 5We have made twenty more beds 6Ling Feng can take good care of Polly.7I was doing my homework

7、 at 8：00 last night 第12页/共44页何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？1、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如：Football is played all over the world 第13页/共44页2、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao魏华是被林涛叫来的。第14页/共44页 3.固定短语不要忘介词Eg.She takes good care of the child.-The child is taken

8、good care of by her.第15页/共44页4、如主动句含间宾和直宾双宾语,变被动时有何变化呢？Eg.We gave him a warm welcome.-He was given a warm welcome.-A warm welcome was given to him.第16页/共44页间宾（人）作被动句的主语，一切依旧；而直宾（物）作主语，则须在间宾前添加to或for。加to的动词多为give，send，bring，teach，show，pass，write，ask，tell等；加for的动词有make，draw，buy等。第17页/共44页5.feel，hear，l

9、isten to，let，make，have，see，notice，look at，watch,observe（即常言道“一感二听三让四看见”）被动要还原to。1.I saw a stranger enter the room.-A stranger was seen to go upstairs.Pay attention:I heard my neighbor singing a song.-My neighbour was heard singing a song.第18页/共44页6.vi.,vt.,如用被动强调人为Eg.Johns English has improved.Johns

10、 English has been improved.第19页/共44页7、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：People say that the book has been translated into English.-It is said that the book has been translated into English.It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that 第20页/共44页8.被动与系表

11、结构的区别Eg.The glass was broken by my son.(动作）The glass was broken（状态）Eg.He was much excited by the news.He was very excited.第21页/共44页Exercises第22页/共44页1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of t

12、heir classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）第23页/共44页3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told第24页/共44页5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ o

13、nly two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used第25页/共44页7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be fi

14、nished第26页/共44页9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us第27页/共44页10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most o

15、f the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done第28页/共44页12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken第29页/共44页14.The students in this school study German.Germ

16、an _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them第30页/共44页16.Someone must help me move away the heavy bag.I must _ _ to move away this heavy bag.17.Was the window broken by Tom?（变为主动语态）（变为主动语态）_ Tom_ the wind

17、ow?be helpedDid break第31页/共44页18.The tractor wasnt driven out of the road.He_ _ the tractor out of the road.19.Doesnt Bob clean the street every day?_ the street _ by Bob every day?didnt driveIsnt cleaned第32页/共44页20.What can they do to finish the work on time?_ _ _ _ by them to finish the work?What

18、can be done第33页/共44页21.None of the children were made to try the new medicine by the doctor.The doctor _ _ _ _ the _ _ the new medicine.didnt make any of children try第34页/共44页将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1 1We sweep the floor every We sweep the floor every dayday 2 2He does morning ex

19、ercises He does morning exercises every morningevery morning 3 3He gave me a book He gave me a book yesterdayyesterday 第35页/共44页4 4The nurses take care of The nurses take care of the sick old manthe sick old man 5 5You can take the book You can take the book out of the reading roomout of the reading

20、 room 6 6What do the workers use What do the workers use the machine forthe machine for？7 7I made him work two I made him work two hours every dayhours every day 第36页/共44页8 8Class One will help the Class One will help the farmers tomorrowfarmers tomorrow 9 9We have learned two We have learned two th

21、ousand English wordsthousand English words1010We found many students We found many students playing football on the playing football on the playground.playground.第37页/共44页将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态将下列句子改为主动语态1Was the work finished by 1Was the work finished by him yesterdayhim yesterday？2 2He

22、was given a pen by me He was given a pen by me yesterdayyesterday 3 3Children should be taken Children should be taken good care ofgood care of 第38页/共44页4 4The trees must be put The trees must be put in the hole by themin the hole by them 5 5The car is not being The car is not being repaired by her

23、nowrepaired by her now 6.Were the books taken 6.Were the books taken away by the girl?away by the girl?第39页/共44页 五、在什么情况下不能使用被动语五、在什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢？态呢？1.表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last，own,belong to,happen,break out,consist of,have on,take place等往往不能用于被动语态。例如：Great changes have taken place in Jinan since

24、last year.第40页/共44页再 见第41页/共44页 二、各种时态的被动语态构成二、各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：一般现在时：You are required to do this.2）一般过去时：一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.第42页/共44页4）现在进行时：）现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5）过去进行时：）过去进行时：The new road was being made.6）现在完成时：）现在完成时：The novel has been read.7)情态动词：情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.第43页/共44页感谢您的观看！第44页/共44页