英语阅读猜词技巧.pptx

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1、1.I think each child must be the apple of her parents eyes.2.Dont talk about math any more.Ill go bananas.3.Its raining cats and dogs outside.be the apple of ones eyes心肝宝贝，掌上明珠go banana发怒，发疯rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨第1页/共29页英语高考阅读理解解题策略之第2页/共29页要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：、理解主

2、旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出判断和推理；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求第3页/共29页常见的猜测词义题设问方式常见的猜测词义题设问方式 1.The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word?(20131.The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word?(2013、2014四川)2.We can learn from the underlin

3、ed part that (062.We can learn from the underlined part that (06辽宁辽宁)3.The underlined word”it”in paragraph refers to (2011 3.The underlined word”it”in paragraph refers to (2011 湖南、湖南、福建等）福建等）4.4.By saying,the author means to say that By saying,the author means to say that(2011(2011 浙江浙江)5.The underl

4、ined sentence in paragraph implies/refers to/means(20115.The underlined sentence in paragraph implies/refers to/means(2011江西、江西、天津等）天津等）第4页/共29页Useful strategies 猜词技巧 Strategy I:Strategy I:Common sense 常识1.Birds fly with their wings,and they pick up their foods,and then eat them with their beaks and

5、 they use their claws for tearing,seizing,pulling or holding objects.2.Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.“beak”here means _.“wither”refers to _.a birds mouthdry up and die第5页/共29页真题演练：（福建卷）Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 2 from the atmosphere

6、and helping to slow global warming.from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.The phrase“mopping up”in the paragraph means_.The phrase“mopping up”in the paragraph means_.A.cleaning up B.taking in A.cleaning up B.taking in C.wiping out D.giving outC.wiping out D.giving out第6页/共29页Strategy

7、 II:Language context&Logical Connection1.根据上下文/语境解释作出判断 2.利用逻辑关系进行判断第7页/共29页（一）根据上下文（一）根据上下文/语境解释做出判断：其方法主要有：语境解释做出判断：其方法主要有：1 1根据文中的定义、解释猜生词根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.2 2利用事例或解释猜生词利用事例或解释猜生词 His uncle is a zoologist,an expert w

8、ho does research on animals.3 3利用重复解释的信息猜生词利用重复解释的信息猜生词 。Mr.Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late木匠木匠动物学家动物学家按时地，准时地按时地，准时地第8页/共29页4 4根据同位关系进行判断：根据同位关系进行判断：根据同位关系进行判断：根据同位关系进行判断：a），and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），），a

9、Germanic language b）The Chunnel，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete小结：某些生词的词义往往会在小结：某些生词的词义往往会在下文下文中得到中得到解释或说明解释或说明 这些解释有时以这些解释有时以定义定义 定语从句定语从句 同位语同位语的形式出现的形式出现;有时用破折号有时用破折号 括号括号 冒冒号号 引号等引号等符号符号引出或圈定的内容表示出来引出或圈定的内容表示出来;有时还用有时还用that is,or,that is to say,in other words等词语引出等词语引出

10、第9页/共29页1.Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times,such as houses,pots,tools and weapons.2.The herdsmanherdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.3.On the farm they mainly raise poultrypoultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.小试身手：小试身手：考

11、古学考古学牧羊人牧羊人家禽家禽第10页/共29页 Mary didnt notice me when I came into the classroom,because she was Mary didnt notice me when I came into the classroom,because she was completely completely engrossedengrossed in his reading.in his reading.Tom is considered an Tom is considered an autocraticautocratic admin

12、istrator because he makes administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.decisions without seeking the opinions of others.二.Logical Connection 根据逻辑关系进行判断常见的表示因果关系的信号词有:since,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,due to,result in,as a result,for this reason,accor

13、dingly全神贯注全神贯注独断专行的独断专行的第11页/共29页Andrew is one of the most Andrew is one of the most supercilioussupercilious men I know.men I know.His brotherHis brother，howeverhowever，is quite humbleis quite humble（谦逊的）（谦逊的）and modest.and modest.A good boss can recognize instantly the A good boss can recognize in

14、stantly the adeptadept workers from the unskilled ones.workers from the unskilled ones.Mrs.Smith is Mrs.Smith is loquaciousloquacious while her husband is the while her husband is the silent type.silent type.A.A.活泼的活泼的 B.B.好动的好动的 C.C.多嘴多舌的多嘴多舌的 D.D.可爱的可爱的常见表示转折，对比关系的信号词：but,yet,however,while,whereas

15、(但是,而),otherwise,in spite of,despite,even though,although,though,unlike,instead(of),rather than,on the other hand,still,by/in contrast,on the contrary,目空一切目空一切 的，傲慢的的，傲慢的 熟练的熟练的第12页/共29页 The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay The homeless people may have become joble

16、ss and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads.a roof over their heads.(陕西卷陕西卷)In paragraph 2,“a roof over their heads”most probably means _.In paragraph 2,“a roof over their heads”most probably means _.A.a cap B.a car C.a hom

17、e D.a coveringA.a cap B.a car C.a home D.a covering真题演练：真题演练：（根据因果关系）第13页/共29页“Unlike vitamin C,leadership skills cant be easily swallowed down.They must“Unlike vitamin C,leadership skills cant be easily swallowed down.They must be carefully be carefully cultivatedcultivated.”(.”(广东卷广东卷)The underlin

18、ed word roughly means _.The underlined word roughly means _.A.encouraged B.comparedA.encouraged B.compared C.examined D.developedC.examined D.developed真题演练：真题演练：（根据转折对比关系）第14页/共29页Strategy III：1.1.(05(05重庆卷重庆卷)Its true that lighthouse were built in Its true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-w

19、ayout-of-the-way place.place.2.When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago,how could they 2.When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago,how could they even begin to even begin to picturepicture modern life?modern life?3.When he reached the place with his army,he found an 3.When he

20、reached the place with his army,he found an impassableimpassable river in river in front of him.front of him.Word-formation偏僻的（合成形容词）描绘，想象（词性变化）无法通过的（词的派生）第15页/共29页Word Formation 构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成

21、的新词的含义了。第16页/共29页中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：super-(超)mini-(极小的,微小的)micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能的）-less（不，无）-wards(向)inner-（内部的，里面的）第17页/共29页superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronounce(非自然的)homeless nonsmoker(无家可归的)rebuild eastwards(重建)Can you guess the right meanings?(微

22、波)(非烟民)(发错音)(向东)第18页/共29页1）The city government has decided to have the main streets widened（wide）next year.2）There are quite a few mistakes in your plan of the new building,so you must have it redesigned（design）as soon as possible.make widedesign again第19页/共29页How to guess the meaning of words?第20页/

23、共29页仿真训练仿真训练第21页/共29页Passage 1 Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice sheet and blocked their parents road to the feeding areas.Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances ove

24、r the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks,born during the November-December breeding season.What does the underlined word“obtain”probably mean?A.eat B.get C.sell D.buyB第22页/共29页Passage 2 A mans position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors,relatives,and fellow tribesmen.If they

25、are honored,he is also honored.If they are disgraced,he too is disgraced.Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family,his lineage(宗系),and his tribe.The word“disgrace”means _ in this text.A.honor B.endanger C.proud D.shame D第23页/共29页Passage 3 Although he often had the chance,Mr.Brown was ne

26、ver able to steal money from a customer.This would endangered his position at the bank,and he did not want to jeopardize his future.The word“jeopardize”means _ in this text.A.protect B.endanger C.continue D.stopB第24页/共29页第25页/共29页Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fi

27、elds.I would walk behind an ox,guiding him with a broomstick.For$1 a day,I worked eight hours straight,with no food breaks.It was very tedious work,but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons.Because the plantation owners were always watching us,I had to be on time every day and w

28、ork as hard as I could.What does the underlined word“tedious”probably mean?A.interesting B.tiresome C.relaxing D.challengingB第26页/共29页Passage 5 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished.A few members of the Senate(参议院)opposed this decision,but the majority v

29、oted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.The underlined word“banished”mean_.A.killed by stoning B.sent away C.imprisoned D.punished by whipping B第27页/共29页Passage 6 After a four-year relationship with a major fortune 100 company beginning as a sales trainee and ending as a regional sales

30、 manager,I left the company at the height of my career.Many people were astounded that I would leave after earning a six-figure income.And they asked why I would risk everything for a dream.The underlined word“astounded”means _.A.very sad B.very sorry C.very pleased D.greatly surprised D第28页/共29页感谢您的观看！第29页/共29页