语音基础知识(教育精品).ppt

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1、第一课时 语音基础知识1.概念概念 1音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。/或 3音素的分类：元音和辅音。4音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。v元音和辅音的定义：v发音时声带振动，气流在通道上不受发音器官阻碍的音素称为元音。v发音时气流在通道上受到发音器官阻碍的音素称为辅音。v发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。v发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。HAVE A BREAK 3.辅音因素分类A.按声带是否振动分清辅音/p/t/k/f/s/t/ts/tr/h/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/d/dz/dr/r/l/w/j/m/n/B.按发音方法分 爆破音 /p/b

2、/t/d/k/g/摩擦音 /f/v/s/z/h/r/破擦音 /t/d/ts/dz/tr/dr/鼻音 /m/n/舌边音 /l/半元音 /w/j/4.辅音字母的读音辅音字母的读音规则规则vb /b/bag ball bike vc /k/call can /s/city nicevd /d/dad date vf /f/family father vg /g/game get girl v /d/page age cage giraffe vh /h/hat have vj /d/job join vk /k/key kid vl /l/last late vm /m/many math name

3、 vn /n/name nice pen ninevp /p/play pen map pencilvr /r/red ruler read vs /s/sad salad /z/is his vt /t/table take vv /v/video violin vw /w/want watch vx /ks/six sixteen fox box y /j/在词首在词首 yes year yellow /i/early friendly /ai/by try fly vz /z/zoo zebra1.ch /t/chair chess 10.tr/tr/tree try2.sh /fish

4、 wish 11.dr/dr/dry drive3.th /three thank 12.ts/ts/cats hats /this with 13.ds/dz/hands cards4.gh/f/laugh cough 14.wh /h/who whose5.ph/f/phone photo /w/where why 6.ck/k/clock back 15.wr/r/write wrong7.kn/n/know knife 16.qu/kw/quite quick8.nk/k/think ink 17.igh/ai/high fight9.ng/sing song5.辅音字母组合的读音规则

5、6.元音字母及字母组合的读音规则vay,ey,oy,uy;aw,ew,ow;ar,er,or,ir,ur 组合va,e,i,o,u 互组1.元音字母与元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音元音字母与元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音a /ee/(开音节开音节)age case date wake late /(闭音节闭音节)at bag bat cat mat map /e/（any）any many anything /在在w或或wh后后 want watch what /:/(在在f,ss,th等前等前)afternoon class fatheral /:/字母组合字母组合 all also bal

6、l callay /e/字母组合字母组合 day May playai /e/字母组合字母组合 wait tail nail sailar /:/字母组合字母组合 art card star start smarte /i:/(开音节开音节)we be he me she these /e/(闭音节闭音节)bed best desk red get let penea/i:/字母组合字母组合 meat eat please cream teaea/e/字母组合字母组合 breakfast head deadea /字母组合字母组合 real really theaterea/e/字母组合字母组

7、合 great break breakerear/字母组合字母组合 hear near dear ear /:/字母组合字母组合 learn earn earlyee /i:/字母组合字母组合 green need see er /:/字母组合字母组合 her certain certainlyi /a/(开音节开音节)ice like nice nine write bike /(闭音节闭音节)big sit little kid list withigh /a/字母组合字母组合 high right night light fightir /:/字母组合字母组合 girl sir firs

8、t birthdayu /ju:/(开音节开音节)student use computer music unit /u:/(开音节开音节)June ruler blue glue /(闭音节闭音节)bus but cup drum lunch run fun /(闭音节闭音节)put pull push pushyo /(开音节开音节)rose go no so note sofa /(闭音节闭音节)clock not hot dog lot mom /u:/(结尾时结尾时)do two to whooo /u:/字母组合字母组合 moon soon cool too zoooo /字母组合字

9、母组合 book look good wool /(在在l,m,n,v,th前前)colour love come son motheroa /字母组合字母组合 goat coat boat coachoy /字母组合字母组合 boy toy joyow /a/字母组合字母组合 how cow now wow /字母组合字母组合 yellow window snow low showore /:/字母组合字母组合 more before storeour /:/字母组合字母组合 your fouroor /:/字母组合字母组合 floor door poorou /a/字母组合字母组合 fou

10、nd sound around out mountain /u:/字母组合字母组合 you group through soup /字母组合字母组合 young country oneor /:/字母组合字母组合 for report short north forty /:/在在w后后 word world worth worse2.元音字母与元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音元音字母与元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音va /around about againvar/er /answer brother grammarve/i/o /,/April student violin hellovo/or /doctor pilot oclock violetvu/ur /,/August Saturday minute minusHomework 1.Review the vowels and consonants.2.Read the new words in Unit one.