Unit 2 Using language Word formation-高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册.pptx

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1、Unit 2 Using LanguageObserve these colored words from this unit.1.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.2.sculpt a sculpture.3.When we.see rain.,we can say“its raining”.4.WHO=pine+apple=sculpt+ure(suffix)n.v.=World Health OrganizationAbbreviation 缩略法缩略法Conversion 转化转化法法Derivation 派生法派生法Compou

2、nding 合成法合成法 Focus on 基本用法abbreviating(缩写缩写)changing the part of speech(改变词性改变词性)adding a prefix or suffix(加前缀或后缀加前缀或后缀)combining two or more words (组合两个或多组合两个或多个单词个单词)Read the text in understanding ideas and look for words using different types of word formation.Mthe words to the types of word form

3、ation.hamburger eggplant pineapple sculpture painting seasick carsick airsick homesick homework housework hardly softly harmful harmless shameful shameless rain snow sunshine WHO IT US abbreviating(缩写缩写)hamburger eggplant pineapple sculpture painting seasick carsick airsick homesick homework housewo

4、rk hardly softly harmful harmless shameful shameless rain snow sunshine WHO IT US changing the part of speech(改变词性改变词性)hamburger eggplant pineapple sculpture painting seasick carsick airsick homesick homework housework hardly softly harmful harmless shameful shameless rain snow sunshine WHO IT US ad

5、ding a prefix or suffix(加前缀或后缀加前缀或后缀)hamburger eggplant pineapple sculpture painting seasick carsick airsick homesick homework housework hardly softly harmful harmless shameful shameless rain snow sunshine WHO IT US combining(组合组合)two or more wordshamburger eggplant pineapple sculpture painting seas

6、ick carsick airsick homesick homework housework hardly softly harmful harmless shameful shameless rain snow sunshine WHO IT US 缩略法主要采取缩略法主要采取“截头截头”、“去尾去尾”或者或者“既既截头又去尾截头又去尾”的方法生成新词。的方法生成新词。Abbreviation(缩略法缩略法)by abbreviatingphonemath/mathsadfridgefluplanetelephoneairplaneMathematicsadvertisementrefri

7、gerator influenzaCD(compact disk)CCTV(China Central Television)NBA(National Basketball Association)UFO(unidentified flying object)UN(United Nations)USA(United States of America)另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成。首字母组成。Conversion（转化法）（转化法）by changing the part of speech一一个个词词从从一一种种词词类类转转化化为为另另一一种种或

8、或几几种种词词类类的的方方法法称称为为“转转化化法法”。如如名名词词,形形容容词词转转化化为动词。为动词。The child was eyeing the chocolate cake.She took a drink from the glass and then put it down.You must slow down or youll make yourself ill.n.v.，意，意为“注注视”v.n.,意为“饮料”adj.v.,意为“放慢速度”Derivation(派生法派生法)by adding a predix or suffix派派生生词词一一般般有有前前缀缀(prefi

9、x)+单单词词，或或单单词词+后后缀缀(suffix)构成。构成。前前缀+单词一般不改一般不改变原原词的的词性，性，但但会会引起引起词义的的变化，一部分可构成反化，一部分可构成反义词。I dislike waiting for anything.I had completely misread his intentions.mis-+read,意为意为“误解误解”dis-+like,意为意为“不喜欢，厌恶不喜欢，厌恶”前缀单词+后后缀一般不改一般不改变原原词的基本含的基本含义，只改，只改变其其词性。性。There is a growing need for qualified teachers

10、 of Business English.teach+-er,表示人，意为表示人，意为“教师教师”They will introduce a new washer to the public.wash+-er,表示物，意为表示物，意为“洗衣机洗衣机”Not all people can make this achievement.achieve+-ment，抽象名词，意为，抽象名词，意为“成就，成就，成绩成绩”后缀sunflowersunflowersunsunflowerflowerCompounding(合成法合成法)by combining two or more words复合名词复合

11、名词 1.名词名词名词名词sunglasssunglasssunsunglassglassmoonlightmoonlightmoonmoonlightlightbookshelfbookshelfbookbookshelfshelffiremanfiremanfirefiremanman2.形容词名词形容词名词 loudspeaker,midnight,blackboard,software,mainland 3.v-ing名词 waiting-room,sitting-room4.动词名词 playground,watchtower,chopsticks,washroom handwrit

12、ing,thanksgiving,roller-skating 5.名词名词v-ing6.动词副词 get-together,break-through7.副词名词downfall,outbreak e.:f.副词v-ed:well-known g.形容词名词:mid-east,round-triph.其它:up/downstairs,everyday,take-away,outdoor,one-way,part-time,two-month,secondhand,mouth-to-mouth,so-so,on-line,so-called,five-year-old复合形容词复合形容词 1.

13、形容词名词形容词名词edkind-hearted,short-sighted 2.形容词形容词v-inggood-looking,easy-going 3.副词副词v-inghard-working,ever-lasting4.名词名词v-ingEnglish-speaking,peace-loving5.名词名词v-edman-made,air-borne6.副词副词v-edwell-known,well-balanced 7.形容词名词形容词名词mid-east,round-tripdownstairs,everyday,take-away,outdoor,one-way,part-tim

14、e,two-month,secondhand,so-so,on-line,so-called8.其它其它复合副词其其 他他复合动词over+come=overcome fifty+four=fifty-four复合数词everyone,somebody,anything,nobody down+stairs=downstairs whole+heartedly=wholeheartedly 复合代词(副副词+动词)(不定代不定代词+名名词)(形容形容词+名名词)(副副词+副副词)You can check famous teachers accompany you for more examp

15、le.Complete the passage with the help of word formation.P17 When you open a dictionary,you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.You might think this is a bit scary.But many of them are formed using other simpler words.This is called word formation.Words formed by combining other words are cal

16、led compounds,for example,_(a friend that you contact by writing,traditionally using a pen)and _(known by many people).penfriendwell-known Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings.If you add un-or in-to a word,the new word usually means opposite.For example,if something isnt correct its _,and

17、 if someone isnt happy theyre _.Words with the suffixes ment and ness are often nouns.For example,if somebody has improved a lot,they have made great _.incorrectunhappyimprovement Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs,or the other way round.When we calm somebody down,they become _.And we ca

18、n give someone a present by _ it.And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words:“World Trade Organization”can be referred to as _,and _ is short for“as soon as possible”.It is impossible to know the meaning of every word,but knowing about word formation can help us guess their

19、 meanings.calmpresentingWTOASAP1be made up of 由组成 教材原句教材原句 And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words.(P17)而且有时一个单词由几个单词而且有时一个单词由几个单词的首字母组成的首字母组成 归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be made up ofconsist of由由组成组成(2)be made of 由由材料制成材料制成(看出原材料看出原材料)be made from 由由材料制成材料制成(看不出原材料看不出原材料)All substances

20、,whether they are gaseous,liquid or solid,are made up of atoms.所有物质，无论是气体、液体或固体，都是由原子构成的。The collection _ three parts：poems,essays and short stories.这本作品是由诗、散文和短篇小说三部分组合而成的。Early paper in China was made _ bamboo fibre.中国早期的纸是由竹子纤维制成的。In the Middle Ages,the houses were made _ wood.在中世纪时，房子是由木头建造的。con

21、sists of/is made up offrom of 温馨提示温馨提示 be made up of 和和consist of都是表示都是表示“由由组成组成”，但是，但是consist of 只能用主只能用主动形式，不可用于被动语态。动形式，不可用于被动语态。2.likely adj.likely adj.可能的；可能发生的可能的；可能发生的 归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)sb./sth.is likely to do(1)sb./sth.is likely to do 某人某人/某事某事有可能有可能It is likely that.It is likely that.有可能有可能(2)unli

22、kely adj.(2)unlikely adj.不可能的不可能的Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.我们刚才从广播里听到一则警报：一场飓风可能会到来。You are likely _(suffer)from bad health if you keep smoking.It is likely _ you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。He is _(likely)to co

23、me to the party tonight because his mother is ill.因为他母亲病了，所以他今晚不可能来参加聚会。to suffer thatunlikely 巧学活用巧学活用 一句多译一句多译我父母可能不会让我去看电影。我父母可能不会让我去看电影。(go to the cinema)_._.(It is/was likely that)_._.(sb./sth be likely to do)_._.(It is/was possible/probable that)_._.（It is/was possible/probable for sb.to do st

24、h.)Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their English equivalents.American and British Englisha subway(American English)/underground (British English)b highway(American English)/motorway (British English)c theater(American English)/theatre(British English)d gas(America

25、n English)/petrol British English)e apartment(American English)/flat(British English)f elevator(American English)/lift(British English)Keys:Keys:Now complete the passage with the words above.Today,American English is in common international use.It is different from British English in several ways,mo

26、stly in spelling and vocabulary.Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster,who made one of Americas first dictionaries.He changed“-re”spelling to“-er”,which is why _ is spelt _ in American English.theatretheaterThe Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things.For

27、example,Americans talk about putting _ in their cars and driving along the _,whereas in the UK,people put _ in their cars and drive along the _.Americans take the _ to the top floor of a building,but the British use the _.gashighwaypetrolmotorwayelevatorliftIn the US,they take the _,but in the UK,pe

28、ople travel on the _.Americans live in a(n)_,while the British live in a(n)_.Its not as confusing as it seems:usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.But that doesnt stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the“right”one!subwayundergroundapartmentflat