操作经营系统（英文版）xiv.pptx

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1、To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Chapter 1-操作操作同样是同样是a Competitive WeaponTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All ri

2、ghts reserved.The Operations Management SystemTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System InputsWorkersManagersEquipmentFacilitiesMaterialsServicesLandEnergyFigure 1.1Figure

3、1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System InputsWorkersManagersEquipmentFacilitiesMaterialsServicesLandEnergyOperations and processes51234Figure 1.1Figure 1.1To Accompan

4、y Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System OutputsGoodsServices InputsWorkersManagersEquipmentFacilitiesMaterialsServicesLandEnergyOperations and processes51234Figure 1.1Figure 1.1To A

5、ccompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System OutputsGoodsServicesExternal environmentCustomer or client participationOperations and processes51234 InputsWorkersManagersEquipmentFa

6、cilitiesMaterialsServicesLandEnergyFigure 1.1Figure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.The Operations Management System OutputsGoodsServicesExternal environmentCustomer or client participationOpe

7、rations and processesInformation on performance51234 InputsWorkersManagersEquipmentFacilitiesMaterialsServicesLandEnergyFigure 1.1Figure 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Operations Management A

8、s a FunctionTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Operations Management As a FunctionFigure 1.2Figure 1.2To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Ad

9、dison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Operations Management As a Function Skill AreasQuantitative methodsOrganizational behaviorGeneral ManagementInformation systemsEconomicsInternational businessBusiness ethics and lawFigure 1.2Figure 1.2To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strat

10、egy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manufacturing or

11、ganizationMore like a service organizationFigure 1.3Figure 1.3To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manufacturing organizationMore like a service organizationPhy

12、sical,durable productOutput can be inventoriedLow customer contactLong response timeRegional,national or International marketsLarge facilitiesCapital intensiveQuality easily measuredFigure 1.3Figure 1.3To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addi

13、son Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Continuum of CharacteristicsMore like a manufacturing organizationMore like a service organizationPhysical,durable productOutput can be inventoriedLow customer contactLong response timeRegional,national or International marketsLarge facilitiesCapital intensiveQ

14、uality easily measuredIntangible,perishable productOutput cannot be inventoriedHigh customer contactShort response timeLocal marketsSmall facilitiesLabor intensiveQuality not easily measuredFigure 1.3Figure 1.3To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1

15、999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|19571967197719871997Figure 1.4Figure 1.4

16、To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|19571967197719871997Figure 1.4Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Str

17、ategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsWholesaleand retail salesGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|19571967197719871997Figure 1.4Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Editio

18、n 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsOther servicesWholesaleand retail salesGovernmentPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|19571967197719871997Figure 1.4Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison We

19、sley Longman.All rights reserved.Service Sector JobsPercentage of work force40 30 20 10 0|19571967197719871997Manufacturing,mining,and constructionOther servicesWholesaleand retail salesGovernmentFigure 1.4Figure 1.4To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edi

20、tion 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityProductivity=OutputInputTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy

21、and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=Policies processedEmployee hoursExample 1.1Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Pro

22、ductivityLabor productivity=600 policies(3 employees)(40 hours/employee)Example 1.1Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourExample 1.1Example 1.1T

23、o Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourMultifactor productivity=Quantity at standard costLabor cost+Materials cost+Overhead costExample 1.1Example 1.1To Acco

24、mpany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.ProductivityLabor productivity=5 policies/hourMultifactor productivity=(400 units)($10/unit)$4000$400+$1000+$300$1700=2.35Example 1.1Example 1.1To Accompany Krajewski&Rit

25、zman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthTo Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0

26、 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s(to date)Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s(to da

27、te)2.8 2.8Average annual growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s(to date)2.8 2.81.9Average annu

28、al growth in productivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent3 2 1 0 1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s(to date)2.8 2.81.91.0 1.0Average annual growth in pr

29、oductivityFigure 1.5(a)Figure 1.5(a)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent100 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainValue added per hour workedFigure 1.5(b)Figure

30、 1.5(b)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent100 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainValue added per hour workedWhole economyFigure 1.5(b)Figure 1.5(b)To Accomp

31、any Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.Productivity GrowthPercent100 80 60 40 20 0 UnitedStatesGermanyFranceJapanBritainWhole economyManufacturingValue added per hour workedFigure 1.5(b)Figure 1.5(b)To Accompany Krajewski&Ritzman Operations Management:Strategy and Analysis,Fifth Edition 1999 Addison Wesley Longman.All rights reserved.演讲完毕，谢谢观看！