初中英语知识点梳理.ppt

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1、初中英语知识点梳理2.格格名词所有格s共同拥有分别拥有；双重所有格of+名词所有格；of+名词性物主代词afriendofmybrothers;adaughterofyours3.【考场演练】1）-What_doyouhaveforPaul?-Ithinkheshouldstudyharderthanbefore.A.newsB.advice C.helpD.information2)Doyouhaveanyother_tomakeonthesubject?A.advicesB.newsC.suggestionsD.informations3)Amyshandbagisthesameasmy_

2、.(妻子)4）Wedonthavetotakeataxithere.Itsonlya_walk.A.ten-minuteB.ten-minutesC.tenminutesD.tenminutes5)_finetheweatheris!_fineweatheritis!6)牛肉胡萝卜面beefand_noodles/beefnoodleswith_7）-_hotday!-Soitis!Ihate_badweather.A.Whata;suchB.Whata;soC.How;soD.What;such3.不定代词不定代词1）another,other,theother,others,theothe

3、rs2)either,neither3)each,every4)noneofnooneofnobodyof5)none,all6)it,one7)复合不定代词-定语后置、谓语用单三定语后置、谓语用单三4.【考场演练】1）MyparentsarebothEnglishteachers.AndIbelievemyEnglishisasgoodas_.A.they B.themC.theirsD.themselves2)_ofthetwinshasbeentherebefore.A.BothB.NeitherC.AllD.None3)-Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?-_.

4、Idlikesomewater.A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None4)TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan_inGuangzhouinwinter.Thedesksinourschoolarenewerthan_inthatschool.5)Therearetwonewbikesinfrontofmyhouse.Oneismine,and_ismysisters.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others6)-WhatsonTVtonight?Isthere_?-Imafraidnot.A.interestingsom

5、ethingB.interestinganythingC.somethinginterestingD.anythinginteresting7)Themathproblemistoodifficult._ofuscanworkitoutinourclass.A.NooneB.NobodyC.NoneD.All8)-AlatestYangzhou Daily,please!-Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave_,sir?A.oneB.thisC.that D.it2023/3/279)TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,and_ofth

6、emiseasytounderstand.A.bothB.allC.everyD.each10)EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_seenthefilm.A.isB.hasC.areD.have11)Astimegoesby,Ibegantounderstandmyparentsgaveme_muchmorethanjustarusty(生锈的)oldbike.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything12)-Howfaristhenaturalpark?-Oh,_willtakeoveronehourforthecartogother

7、e.A.this B.itC.weD.that三、数词三、数词考题方向：单项选择中数词部分的考查1.基数词基数词 序数词序数词 分数分数2.不确切数字、年代的表示法hundredsof,inonesthirties,inthe1960s/1960s3.序数词前用不定冠词a/an,表示“再一再一、又一”asecondtime4.表示时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语3.【考场演练】1)-Howwasyourweekend?(2012广东省中考)-Great!Itwasmygrandfathers_birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A.seventyB.seven

8、tiethC.theseventiethD.seventeenth2)DidyouknowthattheEarthishometo_animals?(2013临沂市中考)A.million B.millionsC.millionofD.millionsof3)Now,everyone,pleaseturntoPage_andlookatthe_picture.A.Twelve;fifth B.Twelfth;fifthC.Twelve;five D.Twelfth;five四、冠词四、冠词考题方向：单项选择中冠词部分的考查1.定冠词特指特指的概念指上下文提到的人或事物；指被限定性修饰语在其后加

9、以限定的人或事物；指说话双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物2.不定冠词泛指泛指第一次提及、指类别3.零冠词的用法指类别(复数形式复数形式)、泛指的人或事物4.【考场演练】1）-Whatdoyouthinkof_filmaboutZhanTianyou.-Its_goodfilm.（2013天津）A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a2)Lookat_eraseronthefloor.Whoseisit?A.aB.anC.theD./3)-Whois_maninablackhat?（2012甘肃兰州）-ItsJimBrown.Weoftenplay_basketballtoget

10、herinourfreetime.A.an;aB.a;/C.the;aD.the;/4)_Brownswerehavingdinnerwhenthetelephonerang.A.AB.AnC.TheD./5)Thechildrenstoodin_circleanddancedtomusic.A.aB.anC.theD./2023/3/276.Inordertomakeitclear,Iwillgoupto_secondfloortoaskmyteacher_secondtime.A.the;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;五、介词五、介词考题方向：单项选择和完形填空1.介词的功

11、用介词的功用2.表时间的介词:on,in,at3.表地点和方位的介词:in，on,at,over,behind,infrontof,4.表示方式和手段或工具的介词with,in,by,5.介词to和动词不定式的toMakeacontributionto;getusedto;preferto;lookforwardto;payattentionto6.固定短语和习惯搭配固定短语和习惯搭配【考场演练】1）Marthaisa_girl.Shealwayssmilesandsayshellotoothers.A.shyB.friendly C.crazyD.healthy2)Wedbetterwait

12、_moreminutes.IthinkJeffwillcomesoon.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little3)-Doyoulikewesternfood?(2011,内蒙古)-No.Thefoodofourcountryis_thatofwesterncountries.A.rathergoodthanB.muchbetterthanC.morebetterthanD.notsogoodas4）ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,the_(容易)itbecomes.(2009,山东济宁)5)IthinkLiNaisa/an_(amaze)tennispla

13、yer.6)Thisschoolbagisnotexpensive.Andthepriceofitisthe_ofthethree.A.lowest B.highestC.biggestD.smallest7)-HowisSusan?-Oh,shelivesabroad,soI_everseeher.A.hardly B.greatlyC.clearly D.nearly8)ThismorningJackcametoschool_than_studentinhisclass.A.muchlate;anyB.muchlate;anyotherC.muchlater;any D.muchlater

14、;anyother9)-IthinkEnglishis_French.-Idontagreewithyou.A.lesspopularthanB.themostpopularC.sopopularasD.asmorepopularas七、动词和时态七、动词和时态【考题方向】单项选择中动词和短语的语义辨析单项选择中动词和短语的语义辨析 时态的辨析时态的辨析 词语运用词语运用 完形填空完形填空1.动词的分类及短语的类别2.动词的五种形式原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词3.初中阶段的八种时态4.一般现在时一般现在时的概念：经常性习惯性的动作和存在的状态；客观事实和普遍真理；主语具有

15、的性质和特征5.现在完成时现在完成时的概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果；过去开始的某一动作，持续到现在并有可能延续下去takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替takedown记录takeover接收，接管takeout=bringout拿出takeaway拿走takeoff（飞机）起飞；脱下takecare小心，当心takecareof照顾，关心taketurns依次，轮流takepridein以为骄傲takepartin参加take/have/showaninterestin对感兴趣takesomemedicine吃药setout出发setoff出发setu

16、p=establish创立、建立（机构或组织）comeoncomealongcomeincomebackcomefromcomeover短暂造访；从远道而来comeacross（偶然）遇见、碰见cometruecomeupwith想起、找到答案、想出keepawayfrom 远离keepapromise 遵守承诺keepfrom 阻止keepfit 保持健康keepupwith 追上、赶上=catchupwithkeepon 坚持keepout/off 使在外；阻止，隔断，隔绝keepquietgotosleepgotoschool/workgotobedgohomegoontodo/doin

17、ggobackgoaway离开gothrough通过；仔细查看8.【考场演练】1）-Youlooksotired.Whathappened?-I_latewritinganarticleforanewspaperyesterdayevening.(2013河南安阳一模)A.stayedupB.wokeupC.gotupD.pickedup2)-Whydidyoubuysomanyflowers?-Becausetodayisaspecialday.Myparents_fortwentyyears.(2012河南安阳一模)A.marriedB.gotmarriedC.havemarried D.

18、havebeenmarried3)Theoldmanwasverykindandhe_someofhismoneytopoorchildreninthecountry.A.ranawayB.gaveawayC.tookawayD.putaway4)Thefactory_itswasteintotheriver,butnowitdealswiththewasteinanewway.A.usedtodumpB.isusedtodumpC.usedtodumpingD.isusedtodumping5)Thevolunteers_alotofhelptothecommunityfornearlyte

19、nyears.(2013上海中考)A.offeredB.willofferC.areoffering D.haveoffered6）I_Mr.SmithsincehemovedtoShanghai.(2013北京中考)A.didnthearfromB.donthearfromC.wonthearfromD.haventheardfrom7)(2013潍坊市中考)-Guesswhat!IsawSallyinLondon.-Really?I_shewasinNewYork.A.wasthinkingB.thoughtC.thinkD.amthinking8)(2013宁波市中考)-Somanypr

20、oblems!Imsotired.-Youshouldtryto_thembyyourself.Yourenotachildanymore.A.getoverB.getoffC.getonD.getinto2023/3/279)-IhearSamhasgonetoQingdaoforhisholiday.-Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenhe_.A.leftB.wasleavingC.hadleftD.hadleft八、被动语态八、被动语态【考题方向】单项选择单项选择中动词语态和时态的辨析词语运用词语运用 完形填空完形填空 1.被动语态的构成和用法Thewatchwasmade

21、inShanghai.Moretreesmustbeplanted.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.2.含有短语动词的被动语态Weshouldtakegoodcareofthechildren.Thechildrenshouldbetakengoodcareof.3.被动语态后动词形式的选择Weoftenhearthegirlsinginherroomintheevening.Thegirlis is oftenheardheardto singto singinherroomintheevening.4.needdoing=needt

22、obedone1）(2013盐城市中考)Inthepastfewyears,thousandsoffilms_alloverChina.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced2）(2012黄冈市中考)-Hey,Molly.You_onthephonejustnow.Butyouwerenthereandthemanleftaphonenumber.-Oh?Iwasinthelibrary.A.wantedB.arewantedC.werewantedD.havewanted3）-DoyouhaveJays

23、CDs?-Sorry,theyare_.Butwellgetsomemorenextweekbecausethey_.A.soldwell;areonsaleB.soldout;sellwellC.sellingwell;sellwellD.forsale;sellwell4)Thewaterintheriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust_dirtythingsinit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrow D.stopfromthrowing5)Theyweremade_dayandnightth

24、osedays.A.work B.workedC.toworkD.makes2023/3/276)-Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou_thisjob?-Well,Imthinkingabouttheworkingday.A.offerB.willofferC.willbeofferedD.areoffered7)-WillJennycometojoinustomorrow?-Shewontunlessshe_to.A.tellsB.hastoldC.istoldD.willbetold【考场演练】1）-Whydontyougoouttoplay,Rose?-ImafraidI

25、cant.Ihavemuchhomework_.A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo2)Thedoctordidwhathecould_thegirlwhowasbadlyhurtintheaccident.(2013兰州市中考)A.save B.savingC.tosave D.saves3）Wemustdoeverythingwecan_ourearthcleanerandsafer.A.made B.making C.makeD.tomake4)Wehavesomanykindsofguitarsforyou_.A.tochooseB.tochoosefromC.tobecho

26、sen D.tobechosenfrom5)ManystudentsenjoythebookHarry Potter_byJ.K,Rowling.A.writtenB.waswrittenC.wroteD.waswriting6）NeilArmstrong,thefirstman_onthemoon,diedonAugust25,2012.A.landB.landedC.toland D.landing7)连词成句e-mail,taught,to,grandpa,how,I,an,send_.十、主谓一致和倒装十、主谓一致和倒装1.在下列结构中，谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分部分保持一致toge

27、therwithalongwith(或with)besides(或but/except)aswellasA +includingB+谓语动词谓语动词ratherthanlikeinadditionto2.anumberof/thenumberof3.family家庭，家人Myfamily_(be)havingdinner.Myfamilyisveryhappy.4度量、价格、时间、长度、的名词复数、词组作主语时，被看做是一个整体，谓语动词用单数Threeyearsisalongtime.5,000yuanisabigsumofmoney.5.主语形式为复数而意义确为复数-news,works,

28、politics,physics,6.以下结构谓语动词的数，取决于名词分数、百分数+名词名词allofmostofhalfoftherestof7.就近原则就近原则 neithernoreitherornotonlybutalsotherebe8.倒装句9.下列的结构做主语表复数概念复数概念thepolicetheBlackstherich/poorthefamilypeople【考场演练】1）Ifyoudontgotothecinematonight,_.A.sowillI B.neitherdoIC.norshallID.soIwill2)Theboy,togetherwithhispar

29、ents_(go)tothemuseumonceaweek.3)Nobody,butWangLinandLiLei,_(be)intheclassroomatthattime.4)Betweenthetwohills_adeepriver.A.areB.haveC.has D.is5)Thepopulationoftheworld_still_now.A.has;grownB.is;growingC.will;growD.is;grown6)There_atalkshowon-4atninethisevening.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.

30、ishaving十一、简单句、并列句和复合句十一、简单句、并列句和复合句1.简单句陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句2.并列句3.状语从句、定语从句、宾语从句【考题范围】单项选择单项选择 完形填空完形填空 连词成连词成句句 写作写作【考场演练】1)-Ourclasswonthefirstprizeinthebasketballmatch.-_excitingnews!A.How B.WhatC.Howan D.Whatan2)-Couldyoutellme_?-No.Letsgoandhavealook.Maybesomeoneishurt,andwecanhelphim.A.whatwashap

31、penedthereB.whentheyaredoingthereC.whatisgoingonthereD.whyisthemanlyingthere3)Idliketoknow_.A.whenwillhegetbackhomeB.whetherhashereceivedhighereducationC.thathehadseenthefilmD.ifshewilljoininourEnglishevening4)Youllachievenothing_youworkhard.A.ifB.unlessC.whenD.assoonas5)-Willyougofishingwithyoufrie

32、nds?-Yes._itrainsheavily.A.IfB.UntilC.WhenD.Unless6)连词从句from,one,where,know,he,no,is_.2023/3/27写作议论文，又称说理文，通过事实材料和逻辑推理来阐明自己的观点，表明赞成什么或反对什么。一篇完整的议论文包括论点、论据和论证论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点-作者对议论的问题所持的看法或主张；论据-作者用来证明论点的理由和根据；论证-用论据证明论点的推理过程和方法。论证的方法有归纳法、演绎法、对照法等。议论文所用的时态较广，大多采用三段式三段式-引言、正文和结论的结构。议论文的目的：说服读者为目的，达到令读者

33、信服的目的。2023/3/27【步骤与构思步骤与构思】步骤步骤构思构思1开篇点题。分述大多数的观点开篇点题。分述大多数的观点-优点优点和长处和长处2对照表述。分述少数人的观点对照表述。分述少数人的观点-缺点缺点和短处和短处3结尾综述。简要表述你自己的观点结尾综述。简要表述你自己的观点（某件事的必要性和有益性）（某件事的必要性和有益性）2023/3/27【议论文常用语句】Ithink/believethat.Iagree/disagreethat.Ithinkitisfair/unfairforsb.to.Ithinksb.should/shouldnt.because.Forexample,t

34、heyshould/shouldnot.because.Ontheonehand.Ontheotherhand.Whatsmore.Inmyopinion.2023/3/27【典例剖析】在一堂英语课上，老师组织全体同学开展有关“做家务活”的议论。假如下表是你所做的小组讨论记录，请你根据这个记录用英语向全班同学做一个汇报。提示：1.汇报内容：你和同学所做的家务活；你对做家务的看法；2.词数：80左右；3.汇报的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear class,Good morning!Now let me report the discussion work in our group.Tha

35、ts all.Thanks for listening!【思路点拨】【思路点拨】时态：时态：一般现在时；一般现在时；人称：人称：第三人称与第一人称相结合；第三人称与第一人称相结合；写作思路：写作思路：先介绍材料提供的情况，先介绍材料提供的情况，努力阐述自己对做家务的看法；努力阐述自己对做家务的看法；注意事项：文章结尾要干净利落，注意事项：文章结尾要干净利落，别忘记写清自己的观点。别忘记写清自己的观点。NameHouseworkWuJunCleanuprooms.JiaMeiHelpMomcookdinner.WangPingWashclothes.I.2023/3/27【范文】Dearclas

36、s,Goodmorning!Nowletmereportthediscussionworkinourgroup.WuJuncleansuproomsattheweekendandJiaMeilikescookingdinnerwithhermother.WangPingsometimeswashesclothesforherfamily.Asforme,Iusuallyhelpmyfatherwatertheflowers.Inmyopinion,itisnecessaryforusstudentstodosomehousework.Bydoingit,wecanhelpourparentsandunderstandthembetter.Wellalsolearntotakecareofourselves.Besides,wecanrelaxourselvesfromhardworkanddevelopourabilities.Thatsall.Thanksforlistening.2023/3/27祝中考顺利 成绩理想2023/3/27谢谢！