我国土壤资源的现状及特点 (3).ppt

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1、1.3 The Status and Characteristics of Chinese Soil Resources1.3 我国土壤资源的现状及特点 1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resources I.The current situation of Chinese soil resourcesTable 1 The total area of Chinese land and per capita occupancy,and the comparison with other countries in the wo

2、rldLand typesLand typesOccupation Occupation percentage percentage of Chinaof ChinaPer capita quantityPer capita quantity（hmhm2 2）Chinas Chinas per per capita capita share share of of the the worlds worlds per per capita capita shareshare（%）WorldChinaAmericaBrazilIndiaTotal land area7.12.770.913.926

3、.280.4332.9Areas of arable land and garden6.80.310.100.800.560.2232.3Permanent grassland area9.00.660.271.011.220.0240.9Areas of Forest and woodland3.20.840.131.114.150.0915.5From Changyong Huang,Soil Science,20001.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resourcesArable land is less than on

4、e third of the worlds per capita occupancy;Forest land is less than one seventh of the worlds per capita;Natural grassland is relatively abundant,but it is also less than half of the worlds per capita;SummaryShortage of arable landInsufficient spare soil resources Continue declination of arable land

5、 per capita1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resources I.The current situation of Chinese soil resources II.The characteristics of soil resources in China(1)The types of soil resources are abundant and their suitability is wideBecause of the vast area and complex natural conditions,

6、the types of soil resources are very rich and diverse.Table 2 Area of soil resources in China Soil orderSoil orderArea(Area(in in billion billion hmhm2 2)Its percentage Its percentage to total to total area area(%)(%)S Soil orderoil orderArea(in Area(in billion billion hmhm2 2)Its percentage Its per

7、centage to total area to total area(%)(%)FerralsolsArgosolsSemi-argosols calcisols AridosolsDesert soils 101.8599.1142.4758.0731.8759.5911.6311.364.846.623.636.79PrimosolsSemi-hydromorphic soilsHydromorphic soilsHalosolsAnthrosolsAlpine soils 161.1161.1514.0916.2032.22198.8318.366.971.611.833.6722.6

8、6From Lin Dayi,Soil Science,2002 1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resources(2)The regional differences of soil resources are large and their distribution is unbalancedChina is featured with active monsoon climate,and the hydrothermal condition is various,so are the soil characteris

9、tics in different regions.The development and utilization potential of soil resources also vary greatly.pEast Monsoon Region pMongolia-Xinjiang arid area pQinghai-Tibet Plateau1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resources(3)The natural conditions of soil resources are superior and the

10、 production potential is large.The majority of China is feathered with monsoon climate where it is hot and rainy in summer,and cold and dry in winter.Two thirds of the annual rainfall are in April to September.Average monthly temperatures in the eastern region range from 5 to 28 C,and 8 to 23 C in t

11、he western region.The climatic characteristics of rain and heat in the same period basically meet the water and heat requirements of all crops in the main agricultural areas during the growth period.Therefore,most of the soil resources can be developed and utilized.Therefore,superior natural conditi

12、ons determine that there is high production potential for soil resources in our country.1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resources(4)The proportion of cultivated land is low,so is the overall quality Currently,the area of cultivated land is 1,3003,9200 hm2(1996),which accounts for

13、only 6.8%of the worlds total arable land.The huge population(25%)determines that the per capita cultivated land area of our country is far below the worlds average level.More than 70%of China is covered with mountains and hills.Main results of National Cultivated Land Quality Grade Update Evaluation

14、 issued by Ministry of Land and Resources in 2016 show that:land of medium quality and low quality together accounts for 70.81%of total land area.Figure 1 Proportion of each type of landaOptimal quality:14 gradesbHigh quality：58 gradescMedium quality：912 gradesdlow quality：1315 grades2.90%26.59%52.72%17.79%cbad1.3 The status and characteristics of chinese soil resourcesTHANK YOU谢谢