高考英语语法专题备考课件-冠词.ppt
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1、语法专题语法专题(十二十二)冠词冠词一、不定冠词一、不定冠词a,an的用法的用法1泛泛指指:用用于于首首次次提提到到某某人人或或某某物物或或表表示示“一一”这这个个数量,意思和数量,意思和one类似。类似。这样考过这样考过(大大 连连 测测 试试)A proverb says that _ new broom sweeps clean,but _ old one knows all the corners.Aa;the Ba;anCthe;an Dthe;a解解析析:由由句句意意知知两两空空都都为为泛泛指指。意意思思是是:新新官官上上任任三三把火,但老官把火,但老官对对情况有全面的了解。情况有
2、全面的了解。答案:答案:B(重重庆庆)Washing machines made by China have won _ worldwide attention and Haier has become_ popular name.Aa;the B/;aC/;the Dthe;a解解析析:句句意意:中中国国制制造造的的洗洗衣衣机机赢赢得得了了世世界界的的关关注注,海海尔尔已已成成为为大大众众喜喜爱爱的的一一个个品品牌牌名名称称。attention是是不不可可数数名名词词,此此处处表表泛泛指指,用用零零冠冠词词;name是是可可数数名名词词,此此处处也也表泛指,需用不定冠表泛指,需用不定冠词词修
3、修饰饰,故,故B项项正确。正确。答案:答案:B(甘甘肃肃河河西西地地区区联联考考)We had _ nice dinner after the meeting with _ dishes of fish,meat,vegetables and dessert.Aa;/Bthe;the Ca;the D/;the解解析析:第第一一空空泛泛指指,第第二二空空因因其其后后的的介介词词短短语语作作定定语语为为特指,特指,选选C。答案:答案:C2类类指指:用用于于单单数数可可数数名名词词前前,表表示示某某一一类类人人或或事事物。物。这样考过这样考过(长长 郡郡 中中 学学)Laidoff workers
4、 cannot afford to purchase medicines from _ chemist when they get sick,nor do their children keep _ healthy diet.Aa;/Ba;a Cthe;/Dthe;the解解析析:第第一一空空a chemist“药药店店”;第第二二空空keep a healthy diet“保持健康的保持健康的饮饮食食习惯习惯”均均为为泛指,泛指,选选B。答案:答案:B3用用于于抽抽象象名名词词和和物物质质名名词词前前,使使抽抽象象名名词词具具体体化化,意意为为“一一种种”,“一一份份”等等:用用于于brea
5、kfast,lunch,supper前表示前表示“一顿一顿”。这样考过这样考过(皖皖 南南 八八 校校 联联 考考)What do you think of the manager of your company?Oh,he is _ manager whos pleasant to work with.Its _ pleasure to work with him.Athe;a Ba;aCa;the D/;a解解析析:答答语语表表示示“他他是是一一位位很很好好共共事事的的人人,跟跟他他共共事事是一是一种乐种乐趣趣”,两空均用不定冠,两空均用不定冠词词。答案:答案:B(安安徽徽)We can
6、never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted world.Aa;a Ba;theCthe;a Dthe;the解解析析:句句意意:如如果果我我们们不不能能创创建建一一个个污污染染越越来来越越少少的的世世界界,就就永永远远不不要要期期待待有有一一片片更更蓝蓝的的天天空空。世世界界上上独独一一无无二二的的名名词词甚甚至至一一些些抽抽象象名名词词之之前前如如果果有有形形容容词词修修饰饰,可可加加不不定定冠冠词词。如如:a red sun 一一轮轮红红日日;a great success 一一次次巨大的成功。巨大的成功。答案:答案:
7、A(2007山山东东)_ walk is expected to last all day,so bring _ packed lunch.AA;a BThe;/CThe;a DA;/解析:解析:the walk特指,而第二空表特指,而第二空表“一一顿顿什什么样么样的的饭饭”。答案:答案:C4用于形容词最高级前无比较含义。用于形容词最高级前无比较含义。这样考过这样考过(洛洛 阳阳 统统 考考)What do you think of _ question?Well,_ most difficult one indeed.A/;the /;the B B/;/;aCthe;a Dthe;the解
8、解析析:第第一一个个空空特特指指提提到到问问题题,a most difficult one 相当相当难难的一个。的一个。答案:答案:C5用用于于人人名名、地地名名等等专专有有名名词词前前,意意为为“某某个个叫叫的的人人”,“一一个个像像的的人人”,“一一个个的的地地方方”等等。相相当当于于some。这样考过这样考过(湖湖南南师师大大附附中中)Looking back,we have reasons to believe that _ more prosperous and stronger China will surely make new contributions to _ civili
9、zation of mankind.Aa;a Ba;theCthe;the Dthe;a解解析析:回回首首过过去去,我我们们有有理理由由相相信信一一个个更更繁繁荣荣富富强强的的中中国国将将会会为为人人类类的的文文明明做做出出新新的的贡贡献献。第第二二空空特特指指人人类类的的文明。文明。答案:答案:B(2006全国全国)Hello,could I speak to Mr.Smith?Sorry,wrong number.There isnt _Mr.Smith here.A/Ba Cthe Done解解析析:句句意意为为:这这里里没没有有一一个个叫叫Smith的的人人。人人名名和和Mr,Mrs,
10、Miss连连用用时时,用用不不定定冠冠词词表表“某某个个。”根根据据语语意意应选应选B项项。答案:答案:B(成成都都)Rosa didnt remember the exact date of the storm,but she knew it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church.A/;the /;the B Ba;/a;/C/;a /;a D Dthe;/the;/答案:答案:B6用用于于表表示示时时间间或或度度量量单单位位的的名名词词前前,意意为为“每每一一”。用于价格、速度等。用于价格、速度等。可能这样考可能这样考They met
11、 each other once_month.Athe B/Ca Dan解解析析:年年、月月、日日、小小时时、分分钟钟等等名名词词前前用用a,表表示示计计量量单单位。如:位。如:once a month 一月一次。一月一次。答案:答案:CThe envelopes are one yuan _dozen.Aa BanCthe D/解解析析:不不定定冠冠词词可可表表示示计计量量单单位位,如如:one yuan a dozen一打一元。一打一元。答案:答案:A7用于固定搭配中:用于固定搭配中:at a time 每次每次once upon a time从前从前make a fool of ones
12、elf出洋相出洋相an hour or two一两个小一两个小时时take a bath洗澡洗澡a great many很多很多have a walk散步散步as a rule照例照例take an interest in对对产产生生兴兴趣趣make a living谋谋生生have a smoke抽支烟抽支烟as a matter of fact事事实实上上as a whole全部地,整体全部地,整体(南南通通调调研研)Mrs.Hanson,a housewife bent on getting _ higher education,has been going to college,a f
13、ew courses at _ time,for 5 years.Aa;a B/;theCthe;a D/;/;/解解析析:句句意意为为:汉汉森森夫夫人人,是是一一位位家家庭庭主主妇妇,她她致致力力于于接接受受更更高高的的教教育育,已已经经就就读读大大学学五五年年,每每次次学学几几门门课课程程。第第一一空空用用不不定定冠冠词词,表表示示泛泛指指;第第二二空空考考查查短短语语at a time 每每次。次。答案:答案:A(浙浙江江)I dont understand what the engineer means,but Ive got _ rough idea of _ project pla
14、n.Athe;a B/;theCthe;/Da;the解解析析:句句意意:我我不不明明白白那那位位工工程程师师的的意意思思,但但我我已已大大致致了了解解这这个个项项目目计计划划。have a rough idea是是固固定定短短语语“大大致致了解了解”,而,而plan在本句中表特指,故用在本句中表特指,故用the。答案:答案:D(淄淄博博质质检检)In recent years,_ problem of global warming has been very serious.Thats right.People are facing _ number of natural disasters
15、 now.A/;a Ba;theCthe;a Da;a解解析析:考考查查冠冠词词。第第一一空空为为特特指指“全全球球变变暖暖的的问问题题”;第二空第二空为为固定搭配固定搭配a number of“很多很多”。所以。所以选选C。答案:答案:C(2007温温州州)Chinese students may have _ good control of _ English grammar,yet unable to express their ideas in conversation.Athe;/Ba;theCa;/D D/;/;the解解析析:have a control of为为固固定定搭搭配配
16、,意意思思是是“控控制制”;English grammar为为抽象名抽象名词词,因此前面没有冠,因此前面没有冠词词。答案:答案:C8用在序数词前表示用在序数词前表示“又一,再一又一,再一”这样考过这样考过(浙浙江江东东阳阳中中学学)We were shocked to hear the news that _ two Chinese were killed in South Korea.Worse still,_ third one died in hospital afterwards.A/;a Bthe;theCthe;a D/;the答案:答案:A(辽辽宁宁重重点点模模拟拟)Some o
17、f the exercises appear to be _ ones that you have done,but after taking _ second look,you will find that they are different.A/;the Bthe;theCthe;a D/;a解解析析:第第一一空空表表特特指指,即即“有有些些练练习习与与你你做做过过的的相相似似”,第第二二空空指指的的是是“再再仔仔细细看看一一下下”,所所以以要要用用take a second look。意意思思是是“有有些些练练习习与与你你做做过过的的相相似似,但但是是再再看看过过之之后后,你会你会发现
18、发现它它们们是不同的是不同的”。答案:答案:C(四四川川)In order to find _ better job,he decided to study _ second foreign language.Athe;a Ba;aCthe;the Da;the解解析析:句句意意:为为了了找找到到一一个个更更好好的的工工作作,他他决决定定再再学学习习一一门门外外语语。第一个。第一个a表示泛指;表示泛指;a second(.)又一。又一。答案:答案:B二、定冠词二、定冠词the的用法的用法1特特指指:用用于于双双方方皆皆知知的的人人或或事事物物前前;用用于于第第二二次次提到某人或某物;用于被限定
19、性定语修饰的名词前。提到某人或某物;用于被限定性定语修饰的名词前。这样考过这样考过(陕陕西西)What _ pity that you couldnt be there to receive _ prize!Aa;a Bthe;aCa;the Dthe;the解解析析:句句意意:你你没没能能去去领领奖奖,真真是是遗遗憾憾!第第一一空空中中a pity为为固固定定结结构构:used to show that you are disappointed about sth.遗遗憾憾,可可惜惜;根根据据题题意意可可知知第第二二空空后后的的prize(奖奖品品)是双方都知道的事物,表特指,故用定冠是双方
20、都知道的事物,表特指,故用定冠词词。答案:答案:C(全全国国)What I need is _ book that contains _ ABC of oil painting.Aa;/B Bthe;/the;/Cthe;an Da;the解解析析:句句意意:我我需需要要的的是是一一本本含含有有油油画画入入门门内内容容的的书书。the ABC of.意意为为“的入的入门门”。答案:答案:D(徐徐州州调调研研)Graduates of 2009 share _ fate of entering the work force at a bad time,when the world is sink
21、ing deeper into _ financial crisis.Athe;/Ba;theCa;/Dthe;a解解析析:由由句句中中的的of短短语语作作定定语语知知第第一一空空填填the表表特特指指;第二空填不定冠第二空填不定冠词词a表泛指。故表泛指。故选选D。答案:答案:D2类类指指:用用于于单单数数可可数数名名词词前前,表表示示某某一一类类人人或或事事物。物。这样考过这样考过(北北京京)The biggest whale is _ blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of_ 9story buildin
22、g.Athe;the Ba;aCa;the Dthe;a解解析析:句句意意:最最大大的的鲸鲸鱼鱼是是蓝蓝鲸鲸,它它大大约约可可长长到到29米米,9层层楼楼的的高高度度。the blue whale 蓝蓝鲸鲸,the单单数数名名词词为为特指一特指一类类事物;事物;a 9story building为为泛指,故泛指,故选选D。答案:答案:D(北北京京西西城城区区)_ panda is one of _ remaining endangered animals in the world.AThe;the BA;aCThe;a D/;the解解析析:panda前前可可加加a,或或the表表示示熊熊猫猫
23、这这种种动动物物。但但后面后面须须用用the特指特指现现存的一存的一类濒类濒危危动动物,故物,故选选A。答案:答案:A3用用于于表表示示独独一一无无二二的的事事物物的的名名词词前前、表表示示方方位位的的名词前。名词前。这样考过这样考过(北北京京崇崇文文区区)On the way home,_ sky grew dark,and _ cold rain began to fall.Athe;/B B/;/;theCthe;a D/;a解解析析:sky前前面面加加the“sky”;a cold rain 一一场场冰冰冷冷的的雨雨表泛指。表泛指。答案:答案:C4用于序数词、形容词的最高级前。用于序数
24、词、形容词的最高级前。这样考过这样考过(辽辽 宁宁)This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May.A/;a Ba;theCthe;the Dthe;a解解析析:句句意意:这这个个地地区区在在5月月经经历历了了最最大大的的降降雨雨量量。形形容容词词最最高高级级前前需需用用定定冠冠词词;“在在五五月月”表表达达为为in May或或in the month of May。答案:答案:C(北北京京海海淀淀区区)The New York Times started_ new text messaging service that
25、delivers _ latest news to mobile phones.Aa;the Bthe;theC/;/;/Dthe;a解解析析:纽纽约约时时报报开开始始一一次次新新的的文文本本信信息息服服务务项项目目是是把把最最新新的的消消息息发发到到手手机机上上。第第一一个个空空修修饰饰名名词词service,泛泛指指用用“a”,第二个空指最新的消息,用,第二个空指最新的消息,用“the”修修饰饰。答案:答案:A5用于形容词、分词前,表示一类人或物。用于形容词、分词前,表示一类人或物。这样考过这样考过(湖湖南南祁祁阳阳四四中中)_ government has promised to tak
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