高中宾语从句-.pptx

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1、1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）第1页/共25页宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句第2页/共25页由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾

2、语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句第3页/共25页一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句句句句），连连连连词词词词由由由由thatthat引引引引导导导导，因因因因为为为为thatthat在在在在从从从从句句句句中中中中不不不不作作作作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，

3、因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略vvLin Tao feels(that)his own team is even better.Lin Tao feels(that)his own team is even better.vvShe says(that)she wont take part in the sports meetingShe says(that)she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.next Sunday.vvJim thought(that)the t

4、rain was like a big moving party.Jim thought(that)the train was like a big moving party.vvHe said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.第4页/共25页在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟的省略跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句v

5、Im sorry(that)I dont know.vWere sure(that)our team will win.vIm afraid(that)he wont pass the exam.第5页/共25页注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth mov

6、es around the sun第6页/共25页2.2.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（口口口口语语语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if），因因因因为为为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：“是是是是否否否否”，具具具具有有有有一一一一定定定定的的的的意意意意义义义义，所所所所以以以以不不不不能能能能省略省略省略省略vLily wanted to knowLily wanted to know if/whe

7、therif/whether her grandmaher grandma liked the handbag.liked the handbag.vLets seeLets see if/whetherif/whether we can find out somewe can find out some information about that city.information about that city.vShe asked meShe asked me if/whetherif/whether she could borrowshe could borrow these book

8、s.these books.第7页/共25页由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Ask him _.（他是否能来）3.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）if(whether)he will go to the park with us whether(if)he can come whether it is going to rain or not1.1.当句末为当句末为or notor not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.2.2.在介词后面在介

9、词后面,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.3.3.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前,引导词只能用引导词只能用whetherwhether而不能用而不能用if.if.第8页/共25页1.在动词不定式之前只能用whether.如：I cant decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下 2.在whether or not 的固定搭配中.如：I want to know whether its good news or not.3.在介词后,只能用whether.如：His father is worried about whether

10、 he lose his work.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作.4.宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether.如：Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题.第9页/共25页3.3.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,which,which,whosewhose）或或或或连连连连接接接接副副副副词词词词（when,w

11、hen,where,where,how,how,whywhy）引引引引导导导导，因因因因为为为为连连连连接接接接代词代词代词代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vDo you know what he said just now?Do you know what he said just now?v I dont remember when we arr

12、ived.I dont remember when we arrived.v I asked him where I could get so much money.I asked him where I could get so much money.v Please tell me who(whom)we have to see.Please tell me who(whom)we have to see.v Do you know what time the plane leaves?Do you know what time the plane leaves?第10页/共25页由连接代

13、词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.He asked _.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you know_.（他们在等谁）3.He asked _.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会）5.Can you tell me _.（他在哪儿）6.Could you tell me _.（我该怎么去车站）7.Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）who could answer the question whom they are waiting for

14、whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late第11页/共25页带带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowoftenhowoftenyougoyougoabroadforaholiday?abroadforaholiday?vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowlongho

15、wlongthemeetingwillthemeetingwilllast?last?vIdontknowIdontknowhowfarhowfaritistothecinema.itistothecinema.vPleasetellusPleasetellushowmanyhowmanystudentstherearestudentsthereareinyourschool?inyourschool?vCanyoutellusCanyoutellushowoldhowoldhisbrotheris?hisbrotheris?vPleasetellusPleasetellushowsoonho

16、wsoonyouwillbeready.youwillbeready.vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowmuchhowmuchitcoststoflytoitcoststoflytoHainan?Hainan?第12页/共25页1.1.TheThe youngyoung manmanaskedasked _ itsitssummersummerororwinter.winter.A.A.eithereither B.B.thatthat C.C.weatherweather D.D.whetherwhether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.We

17、dontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3.TheTheteacherteacherasksasksusus_JimJimcancancomecomebackbackontime.ontime.A.A.thatthat B.B.ifif C.C.whenwhen D.D.whatwhattimetime 4.4.DoesDoes anybodyanybody knowknow _ wewe willwill havehave aasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.sports

18、meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that DABC第13页/共25页5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoon6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?HainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.i

19、fD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedher7.Lilysaid_position.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD第14页/共25页二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一

20、般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vI know he lives here .I know he lives here .vI know

21、 he lived here ten years ago.I know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.第15页/共25页2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对

22、对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vI knew who lived here.I knew who lived here.vI saw she was talking with her mother.I saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would com

23、e backHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.tomorrow.vHe said that he had seen it.He said that he had seen it.第16页/共25页3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vThe teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.第17页/共25页1.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(writ

24、e)2.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the sun.3.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)4.Ling Feng told me he _ to Shanghai several times.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)6.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken had been

25、 risesdid第18页/共25页三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分例如：例如：Where does he live?I dont know.=I dont know where he lives.第19页/共25页1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisHis brotherbrother asksasks whenwhen hehe willwill gogo toto thethelibrary.library.HisHis br

26、otherbrother asksasks whenwhen willwill hehe gogo toto thethelibrary.library.2.What does he want to buy?2.What does he want to buy?I dont know what I dont know what he wants tohe wants to buy.buy.I dont know what I dont know what does he want todoes he want to buy.buy.3.Who are we going to meet?3.Wh

27、o are we going to meet?Can you tell me who Can you tell me who we are going towe are going to meet?meet?Can you tell me who Can you tell me who are we going toare we going to meet?meet?第20页/共25页4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsheknowsFrenchFren

28、ch.Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowdoesheknow French.French.5.Will they go to Canada in summer?5.Will they go to Canada in summer?They re not sure if/whether They re not sure if/whether they will go tothey will go to Canada in summer.Canada in summer.They re not sure if/whether

29、 They re not sure if/whether will they go towill they go to Canada in summer.Canada in summer.第21页/共25页1.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?Doyouknow?2.2.Mr.Mr.SmithSmithhavehavebeenbeenininChinaChinaforforaboutaboutthreethreeyears.years.JimtoldLinTao

30、.JimtoldLinTao.Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday?last Sunday?Jim told Lin Tao(that)Mr Smith had been in China Jim told Lin Tao(that)Mr Smith had been in China for about three years.for about three years.第22页/共25页3.Whichbooks

31、houldIreadfirst?3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Please tell me which book I should read first.Our teacher told us(that)light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class.第23页/共25页THE ENDTHE END第24页/共25页感谢您的观看！第25页/共25页