科技英语词义的选择精选文档.ppt

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1、科技英语词义的选择本讲稿第一页，共十二页n英语和汉语两种语言中都有一词多义的现象，总体来说，汉语中，同一个词的词义在不同的上下文中的差别比较小，一词多义的现象不如英语中那么普遍。如：storynIt is quite another story now.nA young man came to police with a story.nThe white-haired girls story is one of the saddest.本讲稿第二页，共十二页wetnWet Paint!nHe was wet to the skin.nAt that time he was still wet

2、behind the ears.n那时候他仍然有些乳臭未干。nIf you think I am for him,you are all wet.n如果你认为我支持他，那你就大错特错了。本讲稿第三页，共十二页1.根据学科、专业选择词义n在英语和汉语中，同一个词在不同的学科领域或不同专业中往往有着不同的词义。在选择词义时应考虑到所涉及的概念所属的学科和专业。如：eyeninspection eye(检查孔)nhoisting eye(吊环)nobservers eye(观测镜)ntelevision eye(工业电视摄像机)本讲稿第四页，共十二页bodynRecent space travels

3、 have shown that the body needs special exercise in a spaceship to suit the weightless conditions.n最近的宇宙飞行表明，人体需要在宇宙飞船中进行专门训练才能适应失重情况。nJust as the sun is the central body of the solar system,so the nucleus is the core of the atom.n正像太阳是太阳系的中心天体一样，原子核是原子的核心。本讲稿第五页，共十二页nThe speed of an aeroplane is,to

4、 some degree,associated with the shape of its body and wings.n在某种程度上，飞机的速度与机身及机翼的形状有关。nHe is trying to work out its body force.n他正在计算其体积力。本讲稿第六页，共十二页2.根据上下文选择词义nThe machine works properly.n这台机器运转良好。nThe yeast hasnt worked now.n酵母现在还没有发酵。nThe life is not working.n电梯失灵了。nThe mine has long been worked.

5、n这个矿已经开采很久了。本讲稿第七页，共十二页housenUranium（铀）should be housed in safe.n铀必须封存在安全装置中。nAs we all know,alloys（合金）belong to a half-way house between mixtures（混合物）and compounds（化合物）.n众所周知，合金是一种介于混合物和化合物之间的中间结构。本讲稿第八页，共十二页nIt is impossible to predict in detail the shape and mechanism of the robot slave.It might

6、carry its computer and response mechanism around with it and also its source of power.n现在详细地预言这种机器人的形状和机理是不可能的。它可能自身带有电子计算机和反应装置及能源。本讲稿第九页，共十二页nMetallic iron contents were determined by electrochemical solution of the iron with copper nitrate（硝酸铜）solution.n金属铁的含量是通过用硝酸铜溶液对铁进行电化学溶解的方法加以测定的。本讲稿第十页，共十二页3.根据搭配习惯选择词义nbusiness survey index 企业概况索引nbusiness assessment 经营评估nbusiness game 商业对策本讲稿第十一页，共十二页hotnHot bath nHot patriotnHot newsnHot tempernHot disputenHot mustardnHot pursuitnHot musicnHot material 热水澡热水澡热烈的爱国者热烈的爱国者最新消息最新消息激烈争论激烈争论辣芥末辣芥末急躁的脾气急躁的脾气紧紧追踪紧紧追踪节奏强的音乐节奏强的音乐强放射性物质强放射性物质本讲稿第十二页，共十二页