第七章 数字调制技术精选文档.ppt
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1、第七章 数字调制技术本讲稿第一页,共七十二页Digital Data,Analog SignalTreat transmission and reception as digitizedAmplitude Shift Keying(ASK)Phase Shift Keying(PSK)Freq.Shift Keying(FSK)ExampleShort message(短信息)Modem(调制解调器)7.1 概述本讲稿第二页,共七十二页本讲稿第三页,共七十二页Modulation and demodulationsynchronizationdecisiondigitaldataanalogd
2、emodulationradiocarrieranalogbasebandsignal101101001radio receiverdigitalmodulationdigitaldataanalogmodulationradiocarrieranalogbasebandsignal101101001radio transmitter本讲稿第四页,共七十二页Digital Data to Analog Signals本讲稿第五页,共七十二页Modulation of digital signals known as Shift KeyingAmplitude Shift Keying(ASK,
3、幅移键控)very simplelow bandwidth requirementsvery susceptible to interferenceFrequency Shift Keying(FSK,频移键控)needs larger bandwidthPhase Shift Keying(PSK,相移键控)more complexrobust against interferenceDigital Data to Analog Signals本讲稿第六页,共七十二页 7.2 二进制数字调制二进制数字调制 7.2.1 二进制幅度键控(二进制幅度键控(2ASK)幅度键控是正弦载波的幅度随数字基
4、带信号而变化的数字调制。当数字基带信号为二进制时,则为二进制幅度键控。本讲稿第七页,共七十二页Generation of ASK SignalsSimplest method for binary ASK is to use a switch to gate the carrier on and off,driven by the data signal.本讲稿第八页,共七十二页Digital amplitude modulation by a binary signal is The modulating signal vm(t)is a normalized binary waveform
5、,where+1 V=logic 1 and 1 V=logic 0.ASK本讲稿第九页,共七十二页ASKFor logic 1 input,vm(t)=1 and Equation reduces toFor logic 0 input,vm(t)=-1 and Equation reduces to本讲稿第十页,共七十二页ASKOne binary digit represented by presence of carrier,at constant amplitude.Other binary digit represented by absence of carrier.本讲稿第十一
6、页,共七十二页Figure本讲稿第十二页,共七十二页ASKThe carrier is simply turned on or off.Digital amplitude modulation is also known as ONOFF Keying(OOK,开关键控).Low-quality,low cost,therefore,seldom used in high-capacity,high performance communications system.本讲稿第十三页,共七十二页ASK本讲稿第十四页,共七十二页ASK信号的功率谱信号的功率谱 由于二进制振幅键控信号是随机的、功率由
7、于二进制振幅键控信号是随机的、功率型的信号,故研究频谱特性时,应该讨论它的型的信号,故研究频谱特性时,应该讨论它的功率谱密度。功率谱密度。本讲稿第十五页,共七十二页 ASK信号的功率谱密度PE(f)是相应的单极性数字基带信号功率谱密度Ps(f)形状不变地平移至fc处形成的。ASK信号的功率谱密度由连续谱和离连续谱和离散谱两部分组成散谱两部分组成。ASK信号的功率谱信号的功率谱本讲稿第十六页,共七十二页ASK信号的带宽BASK是单极性数字基带信号带宽fs的两倍。当数字基带信号的基本脉冲是矩形不归零脉冲时,fs=1/Ts。于是ASK信号的带宽为BASK=2fs=2/TsASK信号的主要优点是易于实
8、现,其缺点是抗干扰能力不强,主要应用在低速数据传输中。ASK信号的带宽信号的带宽本讲稿第十七页,共七十二页ASK信号的功率谱密度示意图 本讲稿第十八页,共七十二页ASK信号的解调方法带通滤波器 整流器 低通滤波器 取样 判决器(a)包络检波定时脉冲带通滤波器 取样判决器 低通滤波器 相乘器(b)相干解调定时脉冲本讲稿第十九页,共七十二页在相同的信噪比条件下,相干解调法的误码性在相同的信噪比条件下,相干解调法的误码性能优于包络检波法的性能;能优于包络检波法的性能;在在大大信信噪噪比比条条件件下下,包包络络检检波波法法的的误误码码性性能将接近相干解调法的性能。能将接近相干解调法的性能。包包络络检检
9、波波法法存存在在门门限限效效应应,相相干干解解调调法法无无门限效应。门限效应。ASK信号的抗噪声性能信号的抗噪声性能本讲稿第二十页,共七十二页7.2.2 Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)FSK has been the most widely used form of digital modulation until recently.simple to generate and detectinsensitive to amplitude fluctuations on the channeldistinct carrier frequencies represent
10、symbol states本讲稿第二十一页,共七十二页FSKCan be viewed as two,separate ASK symbol streams summed prior to transmission:本讲稿第二十二页,共七十二页FSK GenerationSwitch phase jumps本讲稿第二十三页,共七十二页FSKThe general expression for binary FSK is Where f=peak frequency deviation vm(t)=binary input modulating signal(1)f is proportiona
11、l to the amplitude.The modulating signal vm(t)is a normalized binary waveform,where+1 V=logic 1 and 1 V=logic 0.本讲稿第二十四页,共七十二页FSKFor logic 1 input,vm(t)=1 and Equation 12-2 reduces toFor logic 0 input,vm(t)=-1 and Equation reduces to本讲稿第二十五页,共七十二页FSK本讲稿第二十六页,共七十二页1 1 0 1FSK ExampleDataFSK Signal本讲稿第
12、二十七页,共七十二页BFSKfs=fc+f is called the mark frequency(传号频率),fm=fcf is called the space frequency(空号频率).Less susceptible to error than ASKUsed for high-frequency(3 to 30 MHz)radio transmission本讲稿第二十八页,共七十二页相位不连续的二进制移频键控信号的功率谱密度可以近似表示成两个不同载波的二进制振幅键控信号功率谱密度的叠加。相位不连续的二进制移频键控信号的时域表达式为BFSK信号的功率谱密度信号的功率谱密度本讲稿
13、第二十九页,共七十二页 根据二进制振幅键控信号的功率谱密度,我们可以得到二进制移频键控信号的功率谱密度P2FSK(f)为 相位不连续的二进制频移键控信号的功率谱由离散谱和连续谱所组成,离散谱位于两个载频fm和fs处;连续谱由两个中心位于fm和fs处的双边谱叠加形成;本讲稿第三十页,共七十二页Bandwidth of FSK本讲稿第三十一页,共七十二页Bandwidth of FSKThe minimum bandwidth to pass a FSK is where本讲稿第三十二页,共七十二页Bandwidth of FSKThe peak frequency deviation is gi
14、ven as本讲稿第三十三页,共七十二页Non-coherent FSK Detection本讲稿第三十四页,共七十二页FSKBinary FSK has a poorer error performance than PSK or QAM.Seldom used for high-performance digital radio systems.Low performance,low cost,asynchronous data modems本讲稿第三十五页,共七十二页7.2.3 Phase Shift Keying(PSK)1.Binary PSK(BPSK)BPSK(二进制相移键控)U
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