中考英语阅读理解猜词技巧.pptx

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1、中考英语阅读解题中考英语阅读解题方法指导方法指导猜词技巧猜词技巧难度难度第1页/共34页Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading?Ignore them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning 第2页/共34页词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有:1.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“”means_.2.Accordingtothepassage,theword“”properlymeans_.

2、3.Theword“”inparagraphrefersto_.4.By“”,theauthormeans_.5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“”?第3页/共34页1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.2.Unlike his brother,Hobart is quite _.GuessthemissingwordsHarvey is a thief:he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty.stealUnlike his brot

3、her,who is truly a handsome person,Hobart is quite _.ordinary-looking第4页/共34页Guessing unknown words/vocabulary1.Thelionhasits“territory”,whichisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.“territory”means_an area(that-own)动物地盘动物地盘2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewontgi

4、veituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans_.A.强壮B.意志坚定C.友好D.聪明定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释第5页/共34页技巧归纳技巧归纳1:Use _利用利用_definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义Signal words:means,refers to,be called,be known as,can be defined as,in other words,that is,that is to say,定语从句定语从句.etc.第6页/共34页Prun

5、ing is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）嫩芽）,or young leaves of trees.The word“pruning”means_A.Regular cutting（修剪）（修剪）of the plantsB.often wateringC.Regular use of chemicalsD.Growing the plants high in the mountain技巧归纳技巧归纳 2：Using_ 根据根据_common sense or experience普通常识和经验普

6、通常识和经验第7页/共34页技巧归纳3:利用_ from_2.Theperiodofadolescence,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort.“adolescence”means_The period between childhood and adulthood同义同义/同位语同位语similarity/appositive1.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,liveintheU.S.today“ocelot”means_an endangered wild

7、 cat 第8页/共34页ThelargestplayerShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersallkindsofchoices,suchasdeluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavoriteofthetourists.Thewords“deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto_.A.制造汽车制造汽车B.汽车租赁公司C.租赁汽车租赁汽车D.汽车制造商汽车制造商技巧归纳技巧归纳4:利

8、用利用_举例举例 from examplesSignal words：for example，for instance，such as，like，as-as，etc.第9页/共34页技巧归纳技巧归纳5：利用利用_From_1.The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘）飘）with the wind like feathers（羽毛）（羽毛）.2.Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.

9、雪花，雪片雪花，雪片爱交际的爱交际的比较或对比比较或对比 comparison or contrastSignal words:as,like,the same as，unlike,but，however,on the contrary,while,insteadect.第10页/共34页技巧归纳技巧归纳6:利用利用_From_(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（过分的、过量的）（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工工作过度作过度”。(2)Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthemanagerseyes.dis“不不”+satisfie

10、d“满意的满意的=dissatisfied“不满不满意的意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation第11页/共34页1.Isheintelligentorstupid?2.MostwomeninGhana(加纳加纳)-theeducatedandilliterate,theyoungandold-worktomakemoneytoliveashousewivesandmothers.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans_.A.RepeatedB.healthyCuneducat

11、edD.sickclever技巧归纳技巧归纳7:利用利用_ From_同义词或反义词的关系猜词。同义词或反义词的关系猜词。Synonym or Antonym.第12页/共34页Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior（上司）,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.”Theword“presumptuous”isclosestinmeaningto“”.AfullofrespectBrudeandtooconfidentClackinginexperienceDtooshyandquietB技巧归纳技巧归纳8：利用利用_Fro

12、m _原因与结果关系猜词原因与结果关系猜词fromCauseandResultSignal words:because，since,so,suchthat,sothat,ect.第13页/共34页 The official asked the man what his occupation was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A.work B.study C.name D.interest技巧归纳技巧归纳9:Use_ 利用利用_workedasanengineer.context or related information上下

13、文的语境上下文的语境第14页/共34页猜词技巧Tips for guessing the meaning of words1.利用定义或解释2.利用普通常识和经验3.利用同义/同位语4.利用举例 5.利用比较或对比6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）7.利用同义词或反义词8.利用原因与结果关系猜词9.利用上下文的语境第15页/共34页1.A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play:they ask and answer questions,they o

14、bey orders,and if they dont understand something,they say so.The word“audience”in the paragraph means _.A.students B.people who watch a play C.people who act on the stage D.people who listen to something常识常识 teacher-students第16页/共34页 2.When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）止痛药）was brought out recently,r

15、esearchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）（无效的）.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off”means that the colours_A.Attracted the customers stronglyB.Had weak effects on the customersC.Tricked the customers in

16、to shoppingD.Caused the customers to lose interest D因果关系因果关系because第17页/共34页 3.Collins decided that she must go,although the hazards of the trip were many,for example,the unbearable(难以忍受难以忍受)heat,the possibility of getting lost,the wild animals and poisonous snakes.“hazard”means _A.pleasure,B.proble

17、m,C.danger,D.attractionC举例举例for example第18页/共34页 4.In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players,they strongly blame（责备）（责备）competition.Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underli

18、ned phrase“the most vocal”means_A.Those who try their best to winB.Those who value competition most highlyC.Those who are against competition most stronglyD.Those who depend on others most for successC上下文语境context or related information第19页/共34页5.Withoutexaminations,employerswilllookforemployeesfrom

19、thehighlyrespectedschoolsandfromfamiliesknowntothemaformoffavoritismwillreplaceequality.Theword“favoritismisusedtodescribethethingsthat_.A.brightchildrenalsoneededucationtogetsatisfyingjobsB.childrenfromwell-respectedschoolstendtohavegoodjobsC.poorchildrenwitheducationarefavoredinjobmarketsD.childre

20、nattendingordinaryschoolsachievegreatsuccess破折号（定义或同位语）破折号（定义或同位语）第20页/共34页6.Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence.That is to say,if we put a box in a room and lock the door,the box will still be there when we come back.“Object permanence”means that when out of sight,an object _A.Still ex

21、ists B.keeps its shapeC.Still stays solid D.is beyond reachA1.定义definitionthat is to say 也就是说第21页/共34页7.Achildsbirthdaypartydoesnthavetobeahassle;instead,itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordhassle“probablymean?A.apartydesignedspecially

22、B.aplanrequiringcarefulthoughtC.asituationcausingdifficultyortroubleD.arequestmadebyguests 比较比较comparison(instead相反相反,反而反而)第22页/共34页8.William Shakespeare said.“The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.”The underlined word“mingled”most probably means .Asimple Bmixed Csad Dha

23、ppyBdefinition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义第23页/共34页9.Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”?AMessyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Unusualandforeign.对比对比contrast norm

24、albut-unusual第24页/共34页 10.Lionsareopportunists.Theyprefertoeatwithouthavingtodotoomuchwork.Whenrestingintheshade,theyarealsowatchingtheskytoseewhatisflyingby,andevenintheheatofthedaytheywillsuddenlystartupandrunamiletofindoutwhatisgoingon.Ifanotheranimalhasmadeakill,theywilldriveitoffandtakethekillf

25、orthemselves.Bydescribinglionsas“opportunists”,theauthormeanstosaythatlions_.A.arecruelanimalsB.arecleveranimalsC.Liketotakeadvantageof（利用）otheranimalsD.Liketotakeeverychancetoeat构词法及下文解释构词法及下文解释opportunity-ist第25页/共34页Optional exercises （选做题）第26页/共34页11.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthiscon

26、ditiondeteriorated.Get worse12.The animal with the longevity is the tortoise which can live several hundreds years.长寿长寿13.Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalshavebackbones.文中“vertebrates”的意思是_脊椎动物脊椎动物第27页/共34页14.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.concentrate/focus her

27、attention on15.But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.A long period of shortage of rainfall第28页/共34页16.Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononcoeducationalorsingle-sex(单性别单性别)schools?co（共同的）（共同的）-education-al 男女同校教育的男女同校教育的 17.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeint

28、hesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.country第29页/共34页Ex2:“The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,”says friend Pat Williams,“He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker.He was just Joe Everybody.”74.“He was just Joe Everybody.”(in the last paragraph)means _.A.Dave was famous B.Dave was o

29、rdinary C.Dave was showy D.Dave was shy 第30页/共34页Ex3:Andifyouvegatheredyourfriendsaroundyoutorebuildahappyfamilyatmosphere(气氛),youmayfearthatsayingnowillbringbackthekindofconflictyougrewupwith-ordestroytheniceatmosphereyounowenjoyTheunderlinedwordconflictmeans_.A.dependentlifeB.terriblefightC.badman

30、nersD.painfulfeeling第31页/共34页Ex.4:Provideincentive.Tellyourchildrentheimportanceofsaving.“Foreverydollarheorsheagreestosavethanspend,youagreetoaddanotherdollartothepot,”saysCathyPareto,expertinmoneyplanning.Theunderlinedword“incentive”inthisparagraphmeans_.AHonorB.praiseC.excitementD.encouragement第32页/共34页The end第33页/共34页谢谢您的观看！第34页/共34页