初三的英语被动语态详细讲解.pptx

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1、一.被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。来。第1页/共32页二.被动语态的结构:be+过去分词（及物动词）被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式.汉语中往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义.三.主动语态变为被动语态的方法:1.主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语.2.主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的 be+过去分词.3.主动句中的主语变成被动句 by 的宾语,放在谓语动词后面.如果不强调动作执行者时,by 短语可省略.第2页/共32页1.His brother wa

2、shes bowls every day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.第3页/共32页2.TheyboughttencomputerslasttermTencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词第4页/共32页3AmycantakegoodcareofGinaGinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词第5页/共32页4.Tom will clean the room

3、 tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.第6页/共32页1.一般现在时：S+am/is/are+过去分词2.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词.3.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词.4.现在完成时 S+have/has+been+过去分词.S+will+be+过去分词.5.一般将来时：四.各种时态的被动语态构成第7页/共32页1.一般现在时am/is/are+done We clean the classroom every day.The classroom is clea

4、ned by us every day.返回返回第8页/共32页He put on a coat.A coat was put on by him.2.一般过去时was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.返回返回第9页/共32页3.含有情态动词的被动语态can/may/must/should+be doneI can find him.He can be found by me.返回返回第10页/共32页4.现在完成时has/have+been doneJim has finished the work.The work has been f

5、inished by Jim.返回返回第11页/共32页5.一般将来时 will/be going to+be done They will plant trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrowHe is going to write a letter to his mother.A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.返回返回第12页/共32页Exercise Change the following sentences into the Passive voi

6、ce:1.People speak English all over the world.English is spoken all over the world by people.2.She washes her hands before lunch.Her hands are washed before lunch.3.Do the young pioneers plant trees every spring?Are trees planted by the young pioneers every spring?4.His uncle doesnt often play table

7、tennis.Table tennis isnt often played by his uncle.第13页/共32页5.I borrowed this book from the library last week.This book was borrowed from the library last week.6.The policemen caught three thieves last night.Three thieves were caught by the policemen last night.7.I didnt buy a dictionary.A dictionar

8、y wasnt bought by me.8.Did you bring a raincoat?Was a raincoat brought by you?第14页/共32页9.He will study English well.English will be studied well by him.10.Will you clean your classroom?Will your classroom be cleaned by you?11.I wont write to my grandpa this evening.My grandpa wont be written to this

9、 evening by me.12.The nurse will take care of the children.The children will be taken care of by the nurse.第15页/共32页13.We must take care of the books in the library.The books must be taken care of in the library.14.You may find this kind of trees everywhere.This kind of trees may be found everywhere

10、.15.You cant see the stars in the daytime.The stars cant be seen in the daytime.16.Must we hand in our compositions tomorrow?Must our compositions be handed in tomorrow?第16页/共32页17.He has already done the exercises.The exercises have already been done by him.18.My classmates have put on the play.The

11、 play has been put on by my classmates.19.Jim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.第17页/共32页五.主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点:1.含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动.一般把间接宾语变为主语.如如 :Mary gave me a pen.I was given a pen by Mary.如果把直接宾语变为主语,则在间接宾语前加“to for”如如 :A pen was given to me by Mary.2.含有复合宾

12、语的主动句变为被动句时,将其中的宾语变为主语,宾补不变.如如 :We asked him to speak at the meeting.He was asked to speak at the meeting.第18页/共32页3.如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词,变为被动句时,短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉.如如 :They took good care of the boys .The boys were taken good care of .4.在“let,make,see,hear,notice,watch,feel”等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带“to”,但改成被动句时应加上

13、“to”.如如:The doctor made me stay in bed for three days.I was made to stay in bed for three days by the doctor.第19页/共32页A traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,becomePeking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:The pen _(wri

14、te)very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,take place,appear,dissapear,六.不用被动语态的动词：第20页/共32页1.He tells us a story every evening.We are told a story by him every evening.A story is told to us by him every evening.2.He bought me a new bike yesterday.I was bought a ne

15、w bike yesterday.A new bike was bought for me yesterday.3.Will he take his sister to the park?Will his sister be taken to the park by him?4.He is looking for the lost key.The lost key is being looked for by him.5.The boss made him do the heavy work.He was made to do the homework(by the boss).6.We of

16、ten hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to play the guitar变被动语态：变被动语态：第21页/共32页课堂练习（一）改写句子（一）改写句子1.We plant trees in spring every year._ by us in spring every year.2.She posted the letter yesterday._ by her yesterday.3.Mr Turner gave me a birthday present._a birthday present by Mr Turner.5.Yo

17、u may hand in your homework tomorrow._ by you tomorrow.6.She is going to write a letter._ by her.Trees are plantedThe letter was postedI was givenYour homework may be handed inA letter is going to be written第22页/共32页1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavet

18、oBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItoldACA第23页/共32页4.Ineedonemorestampbeforem

19、ycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpart

20、ofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbrokenDCBC第24页/共32页8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.c

21、ostedC.iscostedD.cost10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltBDAC第25页/共32页12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritt

22、en13.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped14.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.gooutBCAD第26页/共32页16.Theco

23、mputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingchecke

24、dB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodoit.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.TeachingDCCDB第27页/共32页1.Large numbers of plastic bags _(use)in the supermarkets every day.2._ our country _(send)up another man-made satellite last year?3.Must the old people _(speak

25、)to politely?4.Her grandma was still alive when he _(take)to the hospital.5.English _(speak)in many counties.are usedDidsendbe spokenwas takenis spoken第28页/共32页6.Three quarters of the worlds books _(write)in English.8.This kind of sweater _(sell)well.10._ Lesson 50 _(teach)next week?are writtensells

26、Willbe taught7.The pen _(write)well.writes9.This book _(sell)to me at the price of 5 dollars yesterday.wassold第29页/共32页 Fill in the blanks using right forms:1.Allthestudents_(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.2.Aremanyways_(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somep

27、hotos_(take)byAmericanchildren.4.Thiscoat_(wash)well.9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace_(偷)lastweek?6.Imoften_(警告）nottocopyothershomework.7.Hecouldntexplainwhydinosaurs_(消失).8.Illhavemybike_(修理)tomorrow.5.Musttheoldpeople_(speak)topolitely?10.ThePRCwas_(成立)onOctober1,1949.were askedtriedare takenwashesbe spokenwarneddisappearedmendedrepairedstolenfounded第30页/共32页Thanks !第31页/共32页谢谢您的观看！第32页/共32页