[精选]第2讲_TOC的基本思想.pptx
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1、第第2讲讲 TOC的基本思想的基本思想1、TOC的产生的产生2、什么是、什么是TOC3、TOC的的基本假设基本假设4、TOC解决问题的逻辑与步骤解决问题的逻辑与步骤5、TOC应用的基本度量指标应用的基本度量指标 约束理论约束理论Theory of Constraint,TOC是由是由以色列物理学家以色列物理学家 Eli Goldratt 提出的,也翻译提出的,也翻译为制约理论、限制理论等。为制约理论、限制理论等。20世纪70年代末期,以色列物理学家 Eli Goldratt 提出了最优生产技术 Optimized Production Technology,OPT,后来进一步开展为约束理论Th
2、eory of Constraint,TOC。1、TOC的产生的产生1975 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005History of The TOC EvolutionHOLISTIC APPROACH TO IMPROVEMENTTHEORY OF CONSTRAINTSPart 1 5 Focusing StepsPart 2 Thinking ProcessesPart 3 Throughput AccountingPart 4 TOC Generic SolutionsPart 5 6 N&S questions on Technology1.Identify the S
3、ystems Constraint2.Decide how to Exploit the Constraint3.Subordinate everything to the above decisions4.Elevate the System Constraint5.If in the previous steps a constraint has been broken,Go back to step 1.1.UDE Evaporating Cloud(EC)2.Current Reality Tree(CRT)3.Core Conflict Cloud(CCC)4.Future Real
4、ity Tree(FRT)5.Negative Branch Reservations(NBR)6.Pre-requisite Tree(PRT)7.Transition Tree(TrT)8.Strategy&Tactics(S&T)1.Throughput(T):The rate at which the system generates money through Sales (SR-VC)2.Investment(I):The money tied up in the organization3.Operating Expenses(OE):All the money spent by
5、 the system to convert investment into throughput4.Net Profit(NP)=T OE5.Return on Investment(ROI)=NP/I1.Operation Drum-Buffer-Rope2.Finance Throughput Acct.3.Projects Critical Chain4.Logistics Pull Replenishment5.Marketing “Mafia”offers6.Sales “Buy-in”Process7.People “Empowerment”8.Strategy “1+4x4 p
6、rocess”1.What is the power of the technology?2.What limitation does it diminish?3.What old rules helped accommodate the limitation?4.What are the new rules that should be used now?5.In light of the change in rules,what changes are required to the technology?6.How to cause the change(the new win/win
7、business model)?After more than 25 years of Development and EvolutionIt is an approach to managing and improving plex,human based,goal oriented systemsIt is a body of knowledge about systems and systems behaviourIt is a System/Holistic Approach to improvementIt is System Thinking2、什么是、什么是TOC每一个每一个组织
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