高中英语语法-倒装句ppt课件.ppt

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1、倒倒 装装定义定义 英英语语句句子子的的自自然然语语序序是是“主主语语+谓谓语语”。如如果果将将谓谓语语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装倒装”。倒倒 装装分类分类分为分为全部倒装全部倒装和和部分倒装部分倒装：谓语全部放在主语之前，为谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装全部倒装；只只把把助助动动词词、连连系系动动词词或或情情态态动动词词放放在在主主语语之之前前，为为部部分分倒装倒装。倒装原因倒装原因一一、语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；二二、为了强调；为了强调；三三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密保持句子的平衡或

2、是上下文紧密衔衔接。接。全部倒装全部倒装（谓语全部放在主语之前）（谓语全部放在主语之前）此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时1.there be句型。句型。其其中中be动动词词有有时时可可用用exist,live,stand,lie,seem,appear,remain,happen 等词代替。（全部倒装）等词代替。（全部倒装）1)There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.2)There lay a winding brook in front of

3、 an old house.2.方方位位词词in,out,there,here,inside,outside,up,down,away,off,downstairs,upstairs等等以以及及now,then置置于于句句首首时时，谓谓语语动动词词常常用用be,come,go,lie,run等等，并并且且句句子子的的主主语语是是名名词词。为以示强调或为了使情景更生动为以示强调或为了使情景更生动,要全部倒装。（全部倒装）要全部倒装。（全部倒装）1)Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday.2)Now comes your turn to sweep

4、the floor.注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。Away they went.(=They went away.)3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）“Whats up,Tom?”asked Mother.“The car is mine,”said Tom.注意：注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,”he said.4.为为了了句句子子结结构构平平衡衡的的需需要要,或或为为了了强强调调状状语语(常常为为介介词词短短

5、语语)，或或为为了了使使上上下下文文紧紧密密衔衔接接，有有时时将将状状语语提提前前。（全全部部倒倒装）装）1)They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.5.主主语语太太长长，表表语语太太短短，为为了了平平衡衡句句子子结结构构的的需需要要,将将表表语语提前。提前。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the king

6、s and queens.2）Gone are the days when we are enslaved.6.such和和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）Such was not his intention.2）Such are the facts.部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前1.用于疑问句。用于疑问句。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）Shall everything be ready before you arrive?2）What can I do

7、for you?注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。1）Who can work it out?2）How many students have read this book?2.用用于于省省略略if的的虚虚拟拟条条件件从从句句中中，should/were/had 置置于于句句首。首。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Had I not adopted my teachers advice,I would have made such a serious mistake.2)Should I earn money,I should live bet

8、ter.3.so,as,neither,nor,no more 表表示示前前面面的的情情况况也也适适合合于于另另一人或物时。一人或物时。(部分倒装部分倒装)1）Tom can speak French.So can Jack.2）If you wont go,neither will I.注注意意：若若只只是是表表示示对对前前面面所所述述内内容容的的肯肯定定、确确认认，主主谓谓不不倒装。倒装。1)Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.2)Its raining hard.So it is.4.含含有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词或或连

9、连词词置置于于句句首首，如如hardly,rarely,seldom,scarcely,barely,never,not,few,little,neither,nor,not only,hardlywhen,in no case,by no means,no soonerthan,many a time,often 等。等。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known.2)Not only was everything he had taken away,but also

10、his German citizenship.3)Not a single mistake did he make.1.(2012辽辽宁宁高高考考)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago_ having a holiday abroad.A.he had considered B.had he consideredC.he considered D.did he consider【解解析析】选选D。考考查查倒倒装装句句。句句意意:直直到到三三年年前前他他从从教教育育行行业业退退休休,他他才才考考虑虑出出国国度度假假。Not unti

11、l位位于于句句首首时时,主主句句要要用用部部分分倒倒装装。故故排排除除答答案案A和和C。又又因因为为题题干干中中的的three years ago提示要用一般过去时提示要用一般过去时,故选故选D。【高考链接高考链接】2.（2011福福建建高高考考）Its nice.Never before_ such a special drink!Im glad you like it.A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I【解解析析】选选C。考考查查部部分分倒倒装装。句句意意：太太好好了了。我我以以前前从从没没喝喝过过如如此此特特别别的的饮饮料料！我我很很高高兴

12、兴你你喜喜欢欢它它。表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词，如如：never,hardly,no,not等等放放在在句句首首时时，句句子子要要用用部部分分倒倒装装。而而本本题题所所考考查查的的时时态态是是强强调调对对现现在在的的影影响响，用现在完成时，故选用现在完成时，故选C。注意注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装I have never seen such a performance.注意注意2：如否定词不在句首不倒装如否定词不在句首不倒装1)Not only is she a good singer,but also she is a good dancer.2)

13、Neither did he watch TV nor did he go to the cinema.5.only+状状语语（副副词词、介介词词短短语语、状状语语从从句句）放放在在句句首首时时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning.2)Only by means of talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other.1.(2014湖南高考湖南高考)Only when you can find peace in your he

14、art_ good relationships with others.A.will you keepB.you will keepC.you kept D.did you keep【解解析析】选选A。考考查查倒倒装装。句句意意:只只有有当当你你在在内内心心中中找找到到和和平平,你你才才能能与与他他人人建建立立起起良良好好的的关关系系。题题干干为为only+状状语语(从从句句)位位于于句句首首所所引引起起的的倒倒装装,主主句句应应用用部部分分倒倒装装结结构构,且且根根据据语语境境,此此处处表将来的情况表将来的情况,故应用将来时态。故应用将来时态。【高考链接高考链接】2.（2011湖湖南南高高考

15、考）Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision.A.they reached B.did they reachC.they reach D.do they reach【解解析析】选选B。考考查查倒倒装装结结构构。句句意意：讨讨论论这这个个问问题题数数小小时时后后他他们们才才作作出出决决定定。“Only+状状语语从从句句”置置于于句句首首时时，主主句句的的主主谓谓要要进进行行部部分分倒倒装装，即即可可排排除除A、C两两项项。根根据据前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选前面的过去完成时态，这

16、里要用一般过去时。故选B。6.“so/such+表表语语/状状语语+that从从句句”结结构构中中的的so 或或such引引导的表语导的表语/状语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move at all.2）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him.7.用用于于形形容容词词（名名词词/动动词词）+as/though的的让让步步状状语语从从句句中中。（特殊倒装）（特殊倒装）1)Proud as t

17、hey are,they are afraid to see us.2)Child as he is,he knows a lot.3)Try hard as they would,they could not lift the box.8.方方式式副副词词well或或频频度度副副词词often,many a time,always,once,every two hours,以及以及then开头的句子。开头的句子。(部分倒装部分倒装)1)Often did I remind him not to do that.2)Many a time has he made the same mistak

18、e.9.在在no soonerthan,hardlywhen,not onlybut also句句型中型中,前面的句子要部分倒装。前面的句子要部分倒装。1）No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.2）Hardly had I reached the station when the train left.注注意意:not onlybut also,neithernor连连接接两两个个主主语语时时不不倒装倒装Not only he but also I went to the park.10.用用于于表表示示祝祝愿愿和和祝祝

19、福福之之类类的的句句子子中中。(部部分分或或全全部部倒倒装装)1）May you succeed/be happy!2)Long live the Peoples Republic of China!1.(2014大大 纲纲 版版 全全 国国 卷卷)_the nurses want a pay increase,they want reduced hours as well.A.Not do onlyB.Do not onlyC.Only not doD.Not only do【解解析析】选选D。考考查查倒倒装装结结构构。句句意意:护护士士们们不不仅仅想想涨涨工工资资,而而且且还还想想减减少少

20、工工作作时时间间。根根据据句句意意和和句句子子结结构构可可知知,逗逗号号前前面面是是not only位位于于句句首首构构成成的的倒倒装装句句。not only位位于于句句首首引引导句子时导句子时,用部分倒装用部分倒装,即把助动词放在主语前面。即把助动词放在主语前面。【高考链接高考链接】2.(2014陕陕西西高高考考)No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A.had Mo YanB.Mo Yan hadC.has Mo YanD.Mo Yan has【解解析析】选选A。考

21、考查查倒倒装装。句句意意:莫莫言言一一登登上上舞舞台台,观观众众就就报报以以雷雷鸣鸣般般的的掌掌声声。no sooner.than.一一就就,no sooner所所在在的的句句子子用用过过去去完完成成时时,位位于于句句首首时时要要把把had提提前前构构成成部部分分倒倒装。装。3.(2013辽宁高考辽宁高考)At no time _the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.A.they actually brokeB.do they actually breakC.did they actually breakD.they had ac

22、tually broken【解析解析】选选C。考查倒装。句意。考查倒装。句意:他们绝对没有违反比赛规他们绝对没有违反比赛规则则,惩罚他们是不公平的。惩罚他们是不公平的。at no time放在句首放在句首,句子要倒句子要倒装。故排除装。故排除A和和D两项。又根据句中的时态是一般过去时两项。又根据句中的时态是一般过去时,所以选所以选C。4.(2013湖南高考湖南高考)Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A.occurred itB.it did occurC.it occurr

23、edD.did it occur【解析解析】选选D。考查倒装句。句意。考查倒装句。句意:迈克尔从来没想迈克尔从来没想过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。not为否定为否定词词,放在句首用部分倒装放在句首用部分倒装,故选故选D。5.(2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.A.can be the patients treated B.can the patients be treatedC.the p

24、atients can be treated D.treated can be the patients【解解析析】选选B。考考查查倒倒装装。句句意意:在在这这所所医医院院里里,只只有有医医生生的的数数量量增增加加50%,病病人人才才能能得得到到妥妥善善地地治治疗疗。“only+状状语语”位位于于句句首首,句句子子用用部部分分倒倒装装,即即把把助助动动词词放放在在主主语语之之前前。由由此此可可知选知选B。6.(2013福建高考福建高考)Not until he went through real hardship _ the love we have for our families is i

25、mportant.A.had he realizedB.did he realizeC.he realizedD.he had realized【解解析析】选选B。考考查查倒倒装装。句句意意:直直到到他他经经历历了了真真正正的的艰艰难难困困苦苦,他他才才意意识识到到我我们们对对家家庭庭的的爱爱是是重重要要的的。not until属属于于否否定定意意义义的的词词,放放在在句句首首,主主句句要要用用部部分分倒倒装装,根根据据句句意意可可知知realize这这一一动动作作应应发发生生在在went through之之后后,故故用用一一般般过过去去时时,因因此此选选B。【课堂训练课堂训练】1.We la

26、ugh at jokes,but seldom _ about how they work.A.we think B.think weC.we do think D.do we think2.You forgot your watch when you went out.Good heavens,_.A.so did I B.so I didC.I did so D.I so did3.In the north of our town_,which dates back to theMing Dynasty.A.stands an old temple B.an old temple does standC.does an old temple stand D.an old temple stands4.No sooner_ put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.A.he had B.had he C.does he D.he was