高考英语语法—动词时态和语态课件.ppt
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1、高考语法复习系列高考语法复习系列 一一动词时态和语态动词时态和语态一一.一般现在时一般现在时1.一般用法一般用法:1表示表示现在经常性或习惯性现在经常性或习惯性的动作。的动作。时间状语时间状语:every,sometimes,often,always.e.g.Heoften_(go)tothecinema.2表示表示现在的能力、特征、职业现在的能力、特征、职业等等。e.g.He_(sing)well.(能力)(能力)3表示表示客观真理、科学事实客观真理、科学事实、格言、格言等。等。e.g.Knowledge_(be)power.(客观真理)(客观真理)goessingsis2.特别用法特别用法
2、:1时间、条件、让步状语从句中时间、条件、让步状语从句中,主将从现主将从现原则原则.e.g.IwillwritetoherwhenI_(have)time.NexttimeIlldoashe_(say).2表示按规定、时间表表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的、计划或安排要发生的动作动作,用一般现在时表将来用一般现在时表将来.e.g.Thetrain_(leave)at12:00.havesaysleaves基本构成:主动语态:动词原形动词原形 或 v.-s/es(三三.单单)beleavesam/is/aree.g.He _(leave)early every morning.Sheisa
3、goodgirland_(study)hard.dodoeshavehasgogoesstudystudiesstudiesMyfather_(go)homelateeveryday.goese.g.Oh,I _(bite)by a snake.被动语态被动语态:am/is/are+doneambittenThe child _(take)good care of.Many books _(sell)in the bookstore every year.aresoldistakenWe often clean the table.(变被动语态)二二.一般过去时态(一般过去时态(did式)式)
4、:1.基本用法基本用法:1表示表示过去过去发生的动作或存在的状态发生的动作或存在的状态.时间状语:时间状语:yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow等等e.g.He_(buy)thecomputerfiveyearsago.2)表示表示过去经常性或习惯性过去经常性或习惯性的动作的动作.e.g.Weoften_(play)togetherwhenwewerechildren.注注:表示过去习惯性的动作表示过去习惯性的动作,可用可用would,usedto,e.g.Heusedtogotoworkbybus.boughtplay
5、ed2.特别用法特别用法:(了解了解)过去时表示现在,表示过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气委婉语气:1)动词动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等等:e.g.Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.能不能帮我一下。能不能帮我一下。2)情态动词情态动词could,would。e.g.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?能借用一下你的自行车吗?能借用一下你的自行车吗?基本构成:主动语态主动语态:v-edbeleftwas/weree.g.He _(leave)early every morninglast year.Myfather_(go)homela
6、teyesterday.do/doeshave/hasgo/goesstudy/studiesstudiedWhenIwasyoung,I_(study)hard.wentdidhadwentstudiedbuyboughte.g.He _(bite)by a snake just now.被动语态被动语态:was/were+donewasbittenWhen he was a child,he _(take)good care of.Many books _(sell)in the bookstore two years ago.weresoldwastakenShe _(praise)by
7、 her teacher.waspraised三三.一般将来时一般将来时:1.will+动词原形动词原形表示纯粹的将来表示纯粹的将来e.g.He_(be)19yearsoldnextweek.e.g.Youforgottoturnoffthelight.-Oh,soIdid.I_(go)andturnitoff.e.g.Theradiosaysit_(be)sunnytomorrow.willbewillgowillbe2.begoingto+动词原形动词原形(2种常见用法)种常见用法)1)强调强调打算计划打算计划做某事做某事e.g.I_(write)anovelnextyear.e.g.He
8、_(buy)abighousein2014.amgoingtowriteisgoingtobuy2)表示表示有迹象表明有迹象表明要发生要发生.e.g.Lookattheclouds.Itlooksasifit_(rain).isgoingtorain3.be+todo常表示常表示有义务应该做有义务应该做.e.g.Iworkasababy-sittersoI_(take)goodcareofthebaby.amtotake有时也表示有时也表示注定要注定要.或或打算打算.e.g.Yourplan_(be)afailure.istobee.g.We_(discuss)thereportnextSat
9、urday.aretodiscuss4.beabouttodo.(when)正要做正要做.的时候,的时候,正在那时发生了正在那时发生了.e.g.I_(go)outwhenthetelephonerang.wasabouttogo了解:了解:beabouttodo不能与不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来的时间状语连用等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。e.g.Iwasabouttoexplain_sheinterruptedme.when被动语态结构:被动语态结构:will+bedone 将要被将要被.e.g.Theproblem_(discuss)tomorrow.willbed
10、iscussede.g.Thework_(finish)nextSunday.willbefinished 翻译1.上海位于中国东部。(上海位于中国东部。(liein)2.地球是圆的。地球是圆的。3.她每天早上她每天早上7点离开家去学校。点离开家去学校。4.地球围绕太阳转地球围绕太阳转。5.他们想要好工作。他们想要好工作。6.这项工作我不满意。(这项工作我不满意。(satisfy)7.我喜欢古典音乐我喜欢古典音乐。1.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.2.Theearthisround.3.Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.4.The
11、earthmovesaroundthesun.5.Theywantgoodjobs.6.Thisworkdoesnotsatisfyme.7.Iloveclassicalmusic.8.太阳从东方升起在西方落下。太阳从东方升起在西方落下。9.比尔盖茨是世界上最富有的人。当他小的比尔盖茨是世界上最富有的人。当他小的时候,他喜欢玩电脑游戏。时候,他喜欢玩电脑游戏。10.他今天上午没上课。他今天上午没上课。11.我昨天感到很累,因为我打篮球了。我昨天感到很累,因为我打篮球了。12.今天早上我迟到了。今天早上我迟到了。13.如果明天不下雨,如果明天不下雨,我将去远足。我将去远足。14.十年后,十年后,
12、我将会有一个快乐的家庭,过我将会有一个快乐的家庭,过上幸福的生活。上幸福的生活。8.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.9.BillGatesistherichestmanintheworld.Whenhewasyoung,helikedtoplaycomputergames.10.Hedidnthaveclassesthismorning.11.IfeltverytiredlastnightbecauseIplayedbasketball.12.Iwaslatethismorning.13.Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,Iwillgohi
13、king.14.Tenyearslater,Iwillhaveahappyfamilyandliveahappylife.15.我相信我们会成功的,只要我们努力。我相信我们会成功的,只要我们努力。16.他打算明年夏天去国外。他打算明年夏天去国外。17.现在很多人说英语。(主动、被动)现在很多人说英语。(主动、被动)18.这扇窗户昨天被打破了。这扇窗户昨天被打破了。19.这项工作将于这项工作将于2015年完成。年完成。15.Ibelievewewillsucceedaslongasweworkhard.16.Heisgoingtogoabroadnextsummer.17.Nowadaysman
14、ypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeoplenowadays.18.Thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.19.Theworkwillbefinishedin2015.高考题探究:1.Idontknowifhe_.Ifhe_,Illletyouknow.A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeC2.-Katehascomebackhomefromherlongholidaysabroad.-Oh,really?I_._visither.A.
15、didntknow;IllgoandB.dontknow;IllgoandC.dontknow;ImgoingtoD.didntknow;ImgoingtoA3.HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?Yes,sinceshe_theChineseSociety.A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.joined4.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfront_toarrive.A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpectedDA5.Ift
16、heweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit_allday.A.rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedD.israining6.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they_theirsalesby20percent.A.willincreaseB.havebeenincreasinC.haveincreasedD.wouldbeincreasingAA7.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_notsmoke,andhehasnotsmokedeversince.A.might B.should
17、C.couldD.would.8.HaveyoureadbookcalledWaitingforAnya?Who_it?A.writesB.haswrittenC.wroteD.hadwrittenDC过去将来时过去将来时常用在常用在宾语从句宾语从句中,表示过去的将来中,表示过去的将来e.g.Shesaidshe_(wait)forusatthetrainstation.wouldwaite.g.Theytoldusthatthetrees_(plant)soon.wouldbeplantedwould+dowould+bedone现在进行时现在进行时:基本构成:基本构成:am/is/are+
18、doing基本用法:基本用法:1.表示说话时表示说话时正在发生正在发生的事情。的事情。e.g.We_(have)ameeting.arehaving2.表示表示现阶段正在进行现阶段正在进行的动作的动作,说话时动作未必正在说话时动作未必正在进行。(表示现阶段一直在进行。(表示现阶段一直在)e.g.He_(teach)inaschool.isteaching3.表示趋向性动词用表示趋向性动词用现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来.e.g.I_(leave)tomorrow.amleaving4.现在进行时与现在进行时与always/constantly/continually等连用等连用,表示称赞、惊
19、讶、厌恶等表示称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩感情色彩e.g.Shesalwayshelpingothers.翻译:她总是帮助别人。翻译:她总是帮助别人。被动语态:被动语态:结构:结构:am/is/are+beingdone正在被正在被.Youdbetternotchoosethisroad.Thebridge_(build).A.isbuiltB.buildsB.C.isbeingbuiltD.isbuildingC基本构成:基本构成:was/were+doing过去进行时过去进行时基本用法:基本用法:1.表示表示过去过去某一时间某一时间/时段时段正在进行正在进行的动作。的动作。e.g.Whenh
20、ecamein,I_(remember)Englishwords.wasremembering-Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!-Oh,Imterriblysorry._.(99N)A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.IhaventnoticeD.Idontnotice2.过去进行时与过去进行时与always/constantly/continually等连用等连用,表示过去对主语称赞、表示过去对主语称赞、惊讶、厌恶等。惊讶、厌恶等。e.g.Hewascontinuallyaskingherquestionsafterclass.3.趋向性动词用
21、在趋向性动词用在宾语从句宾语从句中,表示中,表示过去将过去将来来要发生的动作。要发生的动作。e.g.Hesaidthathe_(come)toseeyouthenextmonth.wascoming被动语态:被动语态:结构:结构:was/were+beingdone过去正在被过去正在被e.g.Thetool_(make)whenIgotthere.wasbeingmade将来进行时将来进行时结构:willbe+doing基本用法基本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作.WhenIgethomeat9:00tomorrow,mysonwillbewatchingTV
22、.高考题探究:1.YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouse.Oh,I_forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.(2004年福建卷)年福建卷)A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.havewaited2.E-mail,as well as telephone,_ an important part in daily communication.(99 上海上海)A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.Play3.Selecting a mobile phone
23、 for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.(2001 N)A.is changingB.has changed C.will have changed D.will changeAA4.-Excuse me,Sir.Would you do me a favor?-Of course.What is it?-I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.(02 北京北京)A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would w
24、onder D.did wonder5.The church tower which will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.(10上海上海31)A.has restored B.has been restored C.is restoring D.is being restoredBD6.A new cinema _ here.They hope to finish it next month.(2001 北京春季北京春季)A.will be built B.is built C.has been built D.i
25、s being builtD7.Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?Yes,I have.I guess it_now.(07辽宁辽宁22)A.has graded B.is graded C.is being graded D.is gradingC8.The telephone,but by the time I got indoors,it stopped.(08四川7)A.had rungB.was ringing C.ringsD.has rungB9.Teenagers_ their health because they play com
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