高考英语名词性从句与专题讲义.docx

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1、高中英语名词性从句与专题训练从句在主句中的成分相当于名词，又被称为名词性从句，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在句子的功能相当于名词词组，能担任主语、宾语等。一. 名词性从句：从句在主句中的成分相当于名词，又被称为名词性从句，在句子的功能相当于名词词组，能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。连接词：二. 连词(5个)1、that (本身无意义)2、whether,if3、as if ,as though连接代词(10个)：what, whatever, who, whoever,

2、 whom, whomever, whose,whosever, which, whichever连接副词(7个)：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however三. 语序:名词性从句的词序与陈述句语序相同，即使是由特殊疑问词引导也要用陈述语句。四. 时态:1、当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。eg. She said that she wanted to go to hospital.2、when, if 引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态。eg. I dont

3、know when she will come back home.概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that、whether、if不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whose、which.连接副词：when、where、how、why不可省略的连词1.

4、介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有“or not”Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。It is not importa

5、nt who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.名词性that-从句1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。表语

6、：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the wh

7、ole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。Its a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：a.It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that.有必要It is important that.重要的是It is obvious that.很明显b. It + be + -ed分词+ that-从句It is believed that.人们相信It is known to all that.从所周

8、知It has been decided that.已决定c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that.是常识It is a surprise that.令人惊奇的是It is a fact that.事实是d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that.似乎It happens that.碰巧It occurred to me that.我突然想起名词性wh-从句1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who、whom、whose、whoever、what、whatever、which、w

9、hichever等连接代词和where、when、how、why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：主语：How the book will sell depends on its author.书销售如何取决于作者本人。直接宾语：In ones own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.英语基础语法专项名词性从句1._worries me is _ were going to pay

10、 for all this.A.It, that B.That, howC.What, how D.As, that2.Weve bought a cottage in the country for _ we retire.A.when B.ifC.sinceD.that3.He just does _ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else.A.thatB.whatC.which D.how4.It shocked me to see _ my neighbors treated their children.A.why B.whethe

11、rC.how D.since5.It used to be thought _ the Earth was flat.A.asB.whenC.since D.that6.He pointed to _ looked like a tree.A.that B.whatC.which D.as7.His income is double _ it was five years ago.A.that B.whichC.as D.what8.I know nothing about the accident except _ I read in the paper.A.that B.forC.what

12、 D.不填9.“I think _ he needs is more practice.” “Yes, _ he needs more practice is quite clear.”A.what, whatB.that, thatC.what, thatD.that, what10.“Will the general manager attend the meeting?” “_ he will come wont be known _his secretary comes.”A.That, thatB.That, untilC.Whether, thatD.Whether, until1

13、1.“The problem is _ we are short of money.” “Yes, _ we can borrow some money from her is still a question.”A.that, thatB.that, whetherC.whether, thatD.whether, whether12._ with the right knowledge can give first aid.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Who ever13._ has the right knowledge can give first aid.A.Wh

14、oB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Who ever14._ having the right knowledge can give first aid.A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.Who ever15._ is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.A.HeB.ItC.ThatD.What16.“_ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “_ she was a woman.”A.What, WhatB.That, ThatC.What, ThatD.That, What17.I firmly believe _ he said at the meeting was right.A.thatB.whichC.that whatD.what that18.After _ seemed like hours he came out of the house with a woman.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that【参考答案】15 CABCD610 BDCCD1115 BCBCD1618 CCC学科网（北京）股份有限公司