农业资源与环境专业(共42张PPT).pptx

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1、第八章第八章 农业资源利用与粮食安全农业资源利用与粮食安全培训专用第八章 教学目的弄清粮食安全的基本涵义与保障措施了解粮食安全与农业资源利用的关系熟悉农业生态建设与粮食安全的关系培训专用Section 1 The great strategic significance for ensuring our national food safety培训专用Food safetyFood quantity safetyFood quality safety Safety of food sustainable production capabilityThe basal standard of fo

2、od quantity safetyThe safety standards of food without toxic and hazardous materials,or the poisonous substances content dose not exceed specified standardsindicating food productive resource,environmental and ecological safety，i.e.ensuring food safety of quality and quantity,there ought to be corre

3、sponding resource,environmental and ecological safety as guarantee(Extensive meanings)（Extensive meanings）(Narrow meanings)一、一、Summarization of food safety培训专用二、二、The important significance for ensuring our national food safety1.Living significance Enhancing life-qualityEdible safety,Nutrition,High

4、quality food，guarantee peoples life safety and life-quality2.Economic significance enhancing economic income Maintaining food safety and upgrading food quality are of great advantage to promote international export trade，enhance economic returns of state,enterprises and farmers.培训专用3.Ecological sign

5、ificance Improving ecological environmentFirstly,making every effort to reduce the application of chemical fertilizer,pesticide,herbicide to farmland,which.can not only reduce agricultural products pollution，but also decrease atmosphere,water and soil pollution,and play great importance in protect b

6、iodiversity;Secondly,practising cleaner production in all steps and non-production for pre-productionduring productionpost production,going to the way“Cyclic Economy”；Thirdly，protecting ecological environment,namely protect the capability of food sustainable production.培训专用4.Social effect maintainin

7、g social stability“Food be god to the people，safety take priority of food”.“Well fed,well bred”（food quantity safety）、）、“be well fed”（food quality safety）and“eating healthy”（safety of the capability of sustainable production），），people can live and work in peace and contentment，settle down to produce

8、.society can be safety,stabilization.the world can be peaceful and tranquility.培训专用5.Political significance nationlong period stabilityInternational aspect:our nation is a developing agricultural great Power.ensuring food quantity safety is the political needs of defending state sovereignty and safe

9、ty,insteading of another countrys control in the international.Domestic aspect：only food quantity,food quality and the capability of sustainable production all have safety control，it will be in favor of long period stability of our nation.培训专用Section 2 Chinese food safety confronted with austerity c

10、hallenge培训专用qFood quantity insufficient，qualification rate not high；qResidue high level of toxic and hazardous materials in food，many food poisoning incidents;qResource,ecological,environmental problems are highlight，the capability of food sustainable production confronted with potential threat.qlaw

11、 and regulations of food safety imperfect,their executing and supervision force inadequatly.Our national food safety facing main problems培训专用1.Food quantity insufficient On the whole，since the Peoples Republic of China founded for 58yr，dress warmly and ear ones fill problem of people of the whole co

12、untry have solved basically，food quantity is no longer the principal problem,but we must have a notice of:（1）Big differenceCompared with developed country；（2）Slow increasingOur country per grain level did not increase for 18 years,had decreased to the lowest value in 2003；（3）Many difficultiesConflic

13、ts increasing apparently,including between human and land,human and food.培训专用2.Qualification rate not high Our countryfood sanitation average qualification rate was 61.5 in 1982，reached to 88.6 in 2001，this is a great progress by himself；But compared to international levels,still existing many probl

14、ems。In 2000,our countryagricultural ministry reported that exceed standard rate of pesticide residue in 130 vegetables and 10187 fruits samples was 19 in china;In 2001,two sampled results of quality inspect general burear showed that pesticide residue qualification rate only were 72.and 64.5，especia

15、lly organic phosphorus pesticide residue problem.3.Residue level of toxic and hazardous materials in food high 培训专用4.Appearing many food poisoning incidents,badly endanger social stabilityFood poisoning incidents have increased in our country for nearly many years,which badly damaged peoplelife and

16、wealthAccording to publication data of health ministry from 1998 to 2004，existing 1896 food poisoning incidents，73534 poisoning persons，1254 death toll，amounted to 271 incidents per year，10505 poisoning persons，179 death toll，producing badly sequel.Table 1?培训专用YearsPoisoning incidentspoisoning perso

17、nsDeath toll19985558388819999749991032000150627315020017062219318420021287126138200337912876323200438114229268Total1896735341254Average27110505179Table 1.Food poisoning incidents(19982004)培训专用Very standing out resource,ecological,environmental problems have threaten food sustainable production capab

18、ility in our country.Plowland acutely decreasing Water and soil loss severityBiodiversity decreasingEnvironmental pollution pricking upNatural calamityFrequency high5.Resource,ecological,environmental problems are highlight，the capability of food sustainable production confronted with potential thre

19、at培训专用Plowland resourceacutely decreasing At present，plowland amounts in our country is not enough.In 2004 per capita plowland was only 0.095 hm2。Our country decreased 4.6667 million hm2 good plowland area in 10 years,which lost over 400 million tons grains，accounted for 10 of total food production.

20、培训专用Water and soil loss severityChina is one of the most bad countries in water and soil loss.Now，water and soil loss areas reach to 3.67 million hm2 in chna，account for 38.2of total country,and increase at the 10000000 hm2 speed rate per year.The severity of water and soil loss make china loss 50 h

21、undred million tons surface soils,bring out lots of N、P、K nutrition elements.培训专用Environmental pollution pricking upAir pollution水质污染水质污染Air pollution and acid rain stimulatingly took place in many province and city.China is the third acid rain area in the world.There were 14 badly polluted rivers a

22、nd 54 polluted rivers in 78 main rivers in china.At present,plowland areas polluted by Cd、As、Cr、Pb etc heavy metal elements reach 20 million hm2，account for 20%of total cultivated lands。water pollutionSoil pollution培训专用Biodiversity decreasing40005000 advanced plant species accounted for 1520of total

23、 plant species are in severe danger.It was reported that 354 wild plants and 258 wild animals were extinct status.740 world endangered species in Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Faunawas listed，189 species belong to our countrys and account for 25%of it。培训专用

24、Natural calamityFrequency highChina is the best serious country for natural calamity.Natural calamity directly or indirectly produce disadvantage effect to food sustainable production ability.In 2004 natural calamity made 2250 persons death in china，1.55 million houses broke down，3.71 million hm2 fa

25、rm plant was hit by a a natural calamity，4.36 million hm2 farm plants no-harvest，which directly produce 16.023 billion yuan damage in national economy.培训专用6.Law and regulations of food safety imperfect,their executing and supervision force inadequatlyA series of law and regulations of food safety we

26、re established and come on,for instance Food Sanitation Law、Manage Methods of Food Poisoning Incidentsetc，but which can not suitable for new century and new position devolopment.At the same time,because of lacking of execute the law forces many law and regulations do not exert their important roles.

27、培训专用Section 3 Relationship between ecological agriculture and food safety培训专用一、一、Increase production role of ecological agricultureCharacteristics of ecological agriculture (“3”high)Increase productionIncrease incomeIncrease effectGreen covering rateLight energy use rateResource transfer rate(“3”inc

28、rease)Roles of ecological agriculture 培训专用Ecological agricuture is one of main directions and models in our new century，which has very important and unsubstitute roles to solve“food quantity safety problem”in china.常规农业常规农业模式模式生态农业生态农业模式模式现代高效生现代高效生态农业态农业模式模式productionIncrease 812Increase range reac

29、h over 25Routine agriculture modelEcological agriculture modelModern high effect agriculture model培训专用二、二、Increase income role of ecological agricultureCurrently，“Agriculture,farmer,country”problems are quite apparent.Focus theme:increasing income of farmerDeveloping ecological agricultureFarm produ

30、ce speciesFarm produce qualityProduction costSound use agricultural resources，especially all kinds of wastesIncreasing farmer Increasing farmer incomeincomeManoeuvre farmerproduction enthusiasmKeeping grain and food safety培训专用Increasing income roles of ecological agriculture as the below two aspects

31、：qEcological agriculture decreased materials and manpower devotion;qEcological agriculture increased materials output;qPopularizing ecological agriculture patterns，commonly increase production about 1020 more than that of traditional plant pattern.培训专用三、三、Environmental protection role of ecological

32、agricultureqFirstly，developing ecological agriculture and popularizing ecological agricultural techniques are to farthest decrease“wastes”emission and realize wastes decrement;qSecondly，developing ecological agriculture and popularizing ecological agricultural techniques are to farthest reuse and re

33、cycle“wastes”,and realize“wastes do not waste,resource regeneration”,really realize waste“cleaner production”.培训专用四、四、High quality and safety of ecological agriculture Developing ecological agricultureGreen and organic food with no-public harmEcological restoration techniquesEcological planting tech

34、niquesEcological breed techniquesEcological process techniquesEcological decreasingCalamity techniques“Cleaner production techniques”Popularizing ApplicationFinal fruits培训专用五、五、Spreading ecological agriculture pattern and techniques,being the most effective measures of food safety Ecological agricul

35、ture has increasing productin,increasing income,increasing effect,and environmental protection functions.Ecological agriculture can produce the safety and high quality food，which is one of the most effective measures in food safety;Ecological agriculture pattern and techniques should vigorously spre

36、ad in china.培训专用Section 4 Vigorously developing ecological agriculture to guarantee food safety培训专用一、一、Strengthen the understand of ecological agriculture At present,leader and mass from all levels know to some extend the importance of ecological agriculture，but we must further develop eco-agricultu

37、re,and strengthen propagandize work.二、二、Vigorously popularizing ecological agriculture knowledge Fully popularizing ecological agriculture knowledge，enhancing leaders science and technology and culture quality，implementing“greed certificate”system.培训专用三、三、Entirely applying and spread eco-agriculture

38、 techniquesqSolid agricultural techniques with high effect；qIntegrating use techniques of firedamp；qEcological agriculture models and techniques with“quaternity；qDiversification of cultivation techniques；qIntegrated managing and controlling techniques of drainage area；qRegeneration techniques of agr

39、icultural wastes and renovating techniques of polluted environment；qEtc.In order to develop ecological agriculture，we must think highly of demonstration and popularize eco-agriculture techniques:培训专用四、四、Inspecting and controling the whole process of agricultural productionqStrengthen“pre-production”

40、mangement；qIntensify“during-production”mangement,namely consolidat production process，protective cultivation measures；qReinforce“post-production”mangement,especially process,transfortation,keep fresh etc.qIn a word，complete the whole process inspection from“field”to“table”，ensuring standardization o

41、peration of all steps，maintenaning food safety.General need s of ecological agriculture“the whole process of agricultural cleaner production”培训专用五、五、Strengthen scientific research of ecological agricultureqMechanism of ecological agriculture increasing production and income；qInfluence mechanism and

42、control ways of different eco-agricultural patterns on food safety；qDifferences and high effects of regional ecological agriculture；qEffect and its mechanism of different eco-agricultural patterns on food sustainable production ability；qSelecting and integrating technique systems of ecological agric

43、ulture patterns with high effect，and made them paternizationm,standardization,and applicability and maneuverability.In-depth research science base and application techniques of ecological agriculture培训专用六、六、Attach importance to science and technology,industrialization of ecological agriculture，ensur

44、ing food safety in our countryqActually,ecological agriculture is a carrier of modern high science-technology.We must highly attach importance to develop eco-agricultural techniques,enhancing produce and transfer rate of science and technology results,driving eco-agriculture industrialization,qMoreo

45、ver，We need to perfect relative law and rules of food satety，strengthen inspect force of food safety，keeping our countrys food safety.培训专用Section 5 Main measures 培训专用qEnhancing understand of ecological agriculture，vigorously popularizing eco-agricultue knowledge；qEntirely applying and spread eco-agr

46、iculture techniques；qStrengthen scientific research of ecological agriculture；qAttach importance to ecological agriculture industrialization.In order to ensure food safety of our country，we must vigorously develop ecological agriculture.Main measures as followed:培训专用qEcological agriculture is main d

47、irections in 21th century,which has great influences on improving and optimizing agricultural eco-environment and food safety.qEcological agricuture has very important and unsubstitute roles to solve“food quantity safety problem”and quality safety and food sustainable production ability,etc.培训专用qFoo

48、d safety has been widely noticed thought the world.Food safety is closely correlated with improving peoples life quality,ensuring peoples health,maintenaning social stability,and establishing harmonious society.qMaintenaning food safety equal to maintenanting ecological safety,economical safety and

49、national safety！培训专用练习题1.试述我国农业资源保护与粮食安全的关系？试述我国农业资源保护与粮食安全的关系？2.论述我国粮食安全的保障措施？论述我国粮食安全的保障措施？3.浅析农业生态建设与粮食安全的意义？浅析农业生态建设与粮食安全的意义？培训专用谢谢观看/欢迎下载BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES.BY FAITH I BY FAITH培训专用内容总结第八章 农业资源利用与粮食安全。第八章 农业资源利用与粮食安全。(“3”high)。Increase 812。Manoeuvre farmerproduction enthusiasm。“Cleaner production techniques”。Strengthen“pre-production”mangement。谢谢观看/欢迎下载培训专用