大学英语4级词汇表.pdf

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1、大学英语4级考试（词汇）复习笔记I形近易混淆单词abstract,contractabstracta.抽象的；深奥的n.摘要，提要：an abstract of this articlecontractn.契约，合同婚约vt.订（合同）：contract a marriage 订婚 收 缩 承包 考 make a contract with s b 与某人订契约academy,academicacademyn.私立中学；专科院校：an academy of music音乐学院academica.学院的，理论的acceptable,acceptanceacceptablea.可接受的，合意的：T

2、his gift is very acceptable.这礼物非常受欢迎。acceptancen.接受，接纳承认，认可:The proposal has gainedacceptance from the committee.access,recess,exceedaccessn.接近的机会：He is easy of access.他很容易接近。通道，入口：The access to a building 进入;MS的通道recessvt.休假，休息exceedvt.超过，月 生 过：The concert exceeded our expectation.音乐会比我们预料的好。越出：exc

3、eed conventional rules越出常规accompany,companionaccompanyvt.陪伴，陪同：She accompanied me to the doctors.她陪我去看了医生。companionn.同伴，伴侣accurate,curiousaccuratea.准确的，正确无误的：an accurate clockcuriousa.好奇的 考 bu curious about好奇，想打听achieve,grieveachievevt.完成，实现，达到：to achieve goals.实现目标grievev.(for/over)感到悲痛，伤心：She is s

4、till grieving for herdead husband.她仍在为它已故的丈夫伤心。使伤心,为.而伤心：It grieves me to see him in such bad health.acauaintance.acquaintacquaintanceacquaintn.认 识,了 解 同knowledge熟人v t.使了解使认识adjust,adaptadjustv t.(to)调整，调节：He adjusted himself to the heat of theCountry.他使自己适应了这个国家的炎热。校正：adjustThe watchadaptv t.(to)使适

5、应：It is hard to adapt oneself to this hot weather.改编：This book is adapted into a play.affect,affection,defectaffectv t.影响：Smoking affects health.吸烟影响健康。感动：I was affected by her words.affectionn.慈爱，爱；爱慕 考gain sbs affection赢得某人的爱defectn.过失缺点：defects in a system of education教育制度上的缺陷agent,aeonyagentn.代埋

6、人，代埋商：a shipping agent运货代埋商agonyn.极度痛苦：He lay in agony until his mother arrived.altitude,attitude,latitudealtituden.高度，海拔：an altitude of 20,000 meters above sea level海拔20,000米attituden.态度，看法：We must take a correct attitude towardscriticism from the masses.我们对群众的批评应抱正确的态度 姿势：He stood there in a grace

7、ful attitude.他以优雅的姿势站在那儿。latituden.纬度，范围，（用复数）地区；行动或言论的自由（范围）：Our position is latitude 40 degrees north0 我们的位置是北纬 40度。application,applianceapplicationn.申请表，申请书：he has sent several applications toDifferent companies,but there is no response.他已经给不同的公司寄了好几份申请表了，但一点回音也没有。实施，应用：the application of the rul

8、e to the situationappliancen.用具，器具，器械：electrical appliance电器appoint,disappointappointvt.任命，委任 考appoint sb.As（to be）.任命某人为（成为）.disappoint v t.使失望，使受挫折：He was disappointed at this news.听到这个消息他很失望。考be disappointed at/with doing.对做.感到失望Be disappointed in/with sb./sth.对某人或某事感到失望assign,designassign v t.指派

9、，选派：Two students were assigned to clean theClassroom.分配，布置（作业）指定（时间、地点等）：Has a date been assigned for the meeting?会议日期是否已定？design v t.设计：the designed dresses 计划，打算，预定：theRoom is designed for reading.这间屋子是用来阅读的。assure,insureassure v t.使确信，使放心：His words assured his mother.确保，保证给：he will assure you com

10、 fort.他会保证让你舒服的。Insure v t.给.保险：He has insured himself for 5,000.他给自己投了 5,000元的保险。Atlantic.PacificAtlantica.大西洋的n.大西洋Pacifica.太平洋的和平的n.太平洋automatic,automobileautomobilea.自动的：an automatic control system 自动控制系统automobilen.（美）汽车award,rewardawardvt.授予，判给：The school awarded Merry a prize(for hergood work

11、）.学校（因她工作出色而）奖励了梅丽。rewardn.奖，奖品n.报酬，奖金；酬劳，奖赏：a reward of$900 for catching thecriminal因抓获罪犯而狭得900美兀酬金bend,blendbendv.（使）弯曲（使）屈 从 同 subdue专心于：He benthis mind to the job.他专心于他的工作。blendn.混合：混合（物）：a blend of coffee混合咖啡biography,biologybiographyn.传记：a Marx biography 一本马克思传biologyn.生物学；生态学：to study biology

12、研究生物学bond,boundbondv.结合：These two different materials won?t bond together.这两种不同材料粘合不起来。bounda.一定的，必然的受约束的，有义务的：I felt boundto tell y o u.我觉得必须告诉你。准备到去的，开往/驶往的Broad,abroad,aboard,boardbroada.宽的，阔的：broad shoulders 广泛的：a broad imagination 丰富的想象力abroadad.（在）国 夕 卜：He has lived abroad for many years.传 JT：

13、The news got abroad.消息传开 了。aboardp rep.在船（车）上，上船：They went aboard the bus.boardv t.上（船，车等）：to board the train n.板，木板：the noticeBoard布告栏委员会，董事会：the board of the company公司董事会 （包饭的）伙食：I pay$12 a week for bed andboard.我一星期支付食宿费12美元。bulb,bulkbulbn.电灯泡球状物bulkn.（巨大的）物体 容积，体 积 同volum e大批 同 主 体 同majority,bod

14、y 考the b u lk批量地butcher,barberbutchern.屠夫；屠杀者barbern.理发师capital,captaincapitaln.首 都 大 写 字 母 资 本a.大写的主要的，基本的captainV.做的首领，指挥n.首领，队长船长，舰长上尉circular,circus,circuitcirculara.圆的；循环的：circular railway环形铁路circusn.马戏团，圆形竞技场circuitn.环形，巡回电路，线路circumference,circumstancecircumferencen.圆周，周长；周围circumstancen.情况，境

15、况 考 under/in the circumstances.在这种情况下Under/in no circumstances无论如何都不（放在句首时，部分倒装）classify,classicalclassify vt.把分类，把.分级：The books in the library are classifiedby subject.图书馆藏书按学科分类。classical a.古典的，经典的：the classical music of Indiacompetition,competentcompetition n.竞争，比赛competent a.能胜任的，有能力的：a competen

16、t teacher 一个有能力老师compound,ODDonent,componentcompound a.化合的，复合的：a compound metal 合金vt.使合成：compound a medicine 酉 己 药n.化合物，复合物有围墙（或篱笆）的房屋群，大院opponent n.对手，敌人，反对者component n.组成部分，组件：a component of a machine机器零部件a.组成的，构成的：a component part组成部分concept,conceitconceptn.概念，观念：the concept of democracy 民主思想conc

17、eitn.自负；自夸；骄傲自大conclude,exclude,includeconcludevt.推断出，推理出：The judge concluded that the prisoner wasguilty.法官判定这个罪犯有罪。结 束：We concluded themeeting with a vote of thanks.我们致谢词并结束了会议。缔结，议定 考 conclude a treaty with 与.订立条约excludevt.把.排除在夕卜,排斥：We can91 exclude the possibility thatit will rain.Includevt.包括，

18、包含:Price$14.90,postage included 价格 14.90 美元,邮资包括在内。Conduct,conductorConductvt.处理，管理：conduct investigation进行调查 指挥，引导：conduct sb.Round a school引导某人参观学校 传导，传（热，电）：Plastic and rubber wont,conduct electricity,butCopper w ill.塑料盒橡胶布导电，铜导电。n.举止，行为：good conduct好品行conductorn.售 票 员 （乐队）指挥导体confine,defineconfi

19、nevt.限制：She confined her activities in music circle.她的活动仅限于音乐界。禁 闭，使闭门不出definevt.给.下定义/限定：to define boundaries between two countries划分两国的边界conserve,preserve,reserveconservevt.保存，节约：We must conserve water during the drought.保藏腌渍preservevt.保护,维持：The Town Council has spent lots of money topreserve the

20、historic interest.市政委员会花了不少钱来保护占迹。保存，保藏：You can preserve meat in salt.n.保藏，保 存 腌 渍 (pl.)果酱，蜜饯reservevt.保留：reserve ones strength 养精蓄锐 预定：reserve aseat n.储备（物），储备金沉默，谨慎contemporary,temporarycontemporarya.当代的：contemporary literature当代文学 同时代/同年龄的 The telephone and the gramophone were contemporaryInventi

21、ons.电话和留声机是同一时代的发明。n.同时代的人，同年龄的人temporarya.暂时的，临时的：In order to meet temporary needs.We set upseveral temporary bridges.为应付暂时需要，我们搭建了几座便桥。contrary,contradictioncontrarya.相反的：contrary suggestions相互对立的建议n.相反：They say he is a good man,but I believe the contrary.Contradictionn.矛盾，不 致：the universality of

22、contradiction 矛盾的普遍性 否认：a flat contradiction直截了当的反驳contribute,distributecontributevt.捐献，捐助：contribute information提 供 情 况（to）有助于/促成 The exchange of goodwill missions greatly contributesto a better understanding between the two countries.互派友好代表团大大有助于两国的相互了解。投稿contribute a poemto a newspaperdistributev

23、t.分发，分送：to distribute the exam papers to the students 分布,散布：to distribute rumors散布谣言conversation,conservationconversation n.会话，谈话 考 have a conversation with sb.和某人谈话conservationn.保存，保 护 守 恒：conservation of energy能量守恒costless,pricelesscostlessa.没有成本的，不需花钱的pricelessa.无价的，珍贵的：Priceless treasure无价之宝cree

24、p,steepcreepvi.爬，爬行：The snake crept along the wall.蛇沿着围墙爬仃。（植物）蔓延蹑手蹑脚地走creep away偷偷离开steepa.险峻的，陡峭的：This is the steepest mountain Fve everclimbed这是我爬过的最大陡峭的山。急剧升降的/大起大落的：a steep rise in price 物价飞涨v.泡，浸泡，浸透：be steeped in ignorance 无知透顶cupboard,keyboardcupboardn.碗柜，碗碟橱；食橱keyboardn.键盘curiosity,security

25、curiosityn.好奇心：curiosity about distant lands对于遥远国度的好奇心securityn.安全：a sense of security 安全感current,occurrencecurrentn.（空气，水等）流，潮流，流速：the main current主流 电 流：turn on the current接通电流趋势，趋向：go withthe current of the times顺应时代的潮流a.当前的，现时的：current English当代英语 通用的，流行的 流通的：a current account活期存款账户occurrencen.发

26、生的事情，事件：daily occurrence日常发生的事发生，出现：be of frequent occurrence经常发生decay,delaydecayv.腐烂，腐朽：decaying vegetables腐烂的蔬菜 技败，衰落：our powers decay in old agen.腐烂，腐朽：The old house is in decay.衰败/衰退状态：the decay of the teethdelayv.延迟,延期：We decided to delay the sports meetingbecause of the bad weather.耽误，延误：We ar

27、e delayed bythe traffic jam.decisive,perceivedeceivev.欺骗，家骗：deceive sb.Into doing sth.骗某人干某事perceivev.察觉，感知：perceive the danger认识到，意识到：iperceived that I could not make her change her mind.decorate,delicatedecoratev.装饰，装潢：We have bought a house and the problem nowis how to decorate it.delicatea.易碎的,脆

28、弱的：a delicate v a s e 柔软的,纤细的：the delicate skins of a girl 雅致的，精美的：delicate food微妙的，脆弱的：a delicate question棘手的问题depart,department,departuredepartvi.离开,出发：The train was ready to depart in a few minutesdepartmentn.部，局，处，系departuren.高开，出发，启程：The departure of the train was delayed.火车开出的时间推迟了。depress,imp

29、ressdepressvt.使沮丧：I was depressed after reading so much sad stories.按下：If you depress the button there,a robot will come out toServe tea.使不景气：When business is depressed,there isusually an increase in unemployment.当经济不景气时,失业率通常会上升。impress vt.给 深刻的印象，使铭记 考 be impressed by/with 对.有 E|3 象：I was impresse

30、d by yourAppearance deeply.我对你的外貌印象很深。n.印记;印象deserve,observedeserve v.值得：Hard work deserves high pay.多劳多得。observe vt.遵守：We must observe the discipline of the school,我们必须遵守学校的规则制度。看到，注意到：They wereobserved entering the house.说 庆祝：With a joyful heart,we observed our National Day.我们怀着高兴的心情庆祝国庆。despite,d

31、espisedespite prep.不管，不顾：Despite his poor health,he came to give thelecture.他不顾虚弱的身体前来做演讲。despise vt.鄙视，蔑视：You shall not despise people with humble origins.你不该鄙视那些出身卑微的人。device,devisedevicen.器械，装置，设计 策略*leave sb.To his own devices 让 自便，让 自行发展devisevt.设计，发明：to devise a scheme for making money 想办法赚钱di

32、agram,dialectdiagramn.图解，图表，简图：a diagram of an instrument仪器的图解dialectn.发舌/土语/地方话：a play written in dialect用方 舌与的剧本different,indifferentdifferenta.有差别的各种不同的 考 be different from 不同于indifferenta.冷淡的：It is quite indifferent to me whether you go or stay.对你的去留我毫不关心。dispose,expose,imposedisposev.女排，处理：disp

33、ose the chairs in a semi-circle 把排成半圆形(of)丢掉，销毁：dispose of household wastes清除家中垃圾 考 dispose sb.for/to sth.使某人有意识做某事exposev.暴露：expose one skin to the sun(to)使处于.作用(或影响)下：expose sb.to danger使某人处于危险境地 揭露expose crime揭露犯罪事实imposev t.把.强加于：impose a war on a country 征(税)：impose duties on tobaccos and wines

34、 征收烟酒税distance,instance,instantdistancen.距离，路程：at a distance以一定距离，在稍远处远处 考 in the distance 在远处instancen.例子，实例，事例：for instance例如 考 take sth.for instance 拿 举个例子instanta.立即的：instant noodles方便面n.瞬间：for an instant 一瞬间：in an instant 立亥U：the instant(moment,the minute)一.就，可引导时间状语从句(as soonas):Fil tell him t

35、he instant he comes back.diverse,reversediversen.（from）不一样的，相异的：The word is now used in asense diverse from the original meaning.这个字现在的意思与其最初的意思不同。多种多样的：Many diverse interestsReversevt.颠倒,翻转:reverse the order颠倒顺序n.背面：the reverse of the picture 相反：The result wasthe reverse of what we had expected.结果与

36、我们期望的正相反 挫折，倒霉：financial reverses财政危机draft,driftdraftn.草稿：a draft for a speech演讲的草稿 汇票vt.起草，草拟：to draft a speech 征召服役：to be draftedinto the Armydriftn.漂，漂流漂流物：drift ice浮冰v.漂流，漂动 The boat drifted to sea.drawing,drawerdrawingn.图圆，素描；绘图：drawing board制图板drawern.抽屉durable,durationdurable a.耐久的，耐用的：durabl

37、e shoesduration n.持续，持久：a meeting of short duration 短时间的会议efficient,effectiveefficient a.效率高的，有能力的：an efficient m an;用于人时指能力强,用于物时指效率高effective a.有效的，生效的；指得到所希望的结果或产生比较长期的效果elevator,relevantelevator n.电梯，升降机relevant a.（to）有关的，切题的：His nationality isn relevant to whetherhe?s a good lawyer.他是否是一名好律师与他是

38、什么民族无关emit,omitemit vt.散发，射出：The chimney emitted smoke made by thechemical factory.烟囱排放化工厂制出的废气。omit v t.省略，删去：The third sentence can be om itted.疏忽，遗漏：You omitted to apologize for being la te.你忘 了 为你的迟到而道歉。enclose,closeenclose v t.（用篱笆等）围住，圈起 （随函）封入close v t.关，闭 结束：close a bargain讲好价钱成交a.接近的：a clos

39、e com bat近战，肉搏战 亲密的：be as close as lips to teeth 唇齿相依严密的：close reasoning严密推理 考close i n封闭,包围Close down（工厂等）关闭encounter,counter,accountencountervt.遭遇，遇至U ：The army encountered the enemy on the way tothe headquarters.countern.柜台计数器a.相反的 同 oppositevt.反对：They countered our proposal with one of their own

40、.他们针对我们的建议提出了一项相反的建议。考 run counter to 违反.，与.背道而驰accountn.讲述，说明：Give us an account of what has happened.(2)账，账 户 考 虑，顾及 考 on account of 因为take.into account 考虑on no account 决不account for 解释，说明：That accounts for the delay of the train那就是火车晚点的原因。endless,endingendlessa.无止境的：The voyage seemed endless.这次海上

41、航行似乎没有尽头。endingn.结尾，结局；死亡entry,entreatentryn.入 口处；河口，通道：You can leave your umbrella in theentry.雨伞可放于入口处。进入：The thieves had forced anentry into the building.窃贼闯入了 人楼。entreatvt.恳求，乞求：I entreated you pardon.我祈求你原谅。example,sampleexamplen.例子：an example in point 一个适当的例子榜样，模范 考for example 例如set an example

42、 to 给.树立榜样 follow the example of 以.为榜样samplevt.抽样，取样：I sampled the wine before the whole purchase.n.样品，例子：a sample of his workexception,receptionexceptionn.例 夕 卜，除 夕 卜：He enjoyed all my novels with the exception ofmy last.receptionn.接待处招待会：hold a grand National Day reception 举行盛大的国庆招待会 接待：The book h

43、ad a favorablereception.这本书很受欢迎。接收，接收效果：Reception ofthe television programs is excellent here.这里电视节目接收情况极其良好。exert,insertexertv t.发挥，施加：exert pressure on sb.对某人施加压力用(力)，尽(力)：He exerted all his wits in the contest.他在比赛中绞尽脑汁。insertvt.插入，嵌入：insert a key in a lockexist,insist,resistexistVI.存在；生存，生活insis

44、tv.主张：He insisted on your coming.他坚持要你来。坚持要求，坚持认为：I insisted that he(should)be wrong.其后可接on+名/动名词，接 that从句，不接不定式，多用于主张合意见：He insisted on his plan./He insisted that I(should)gohome.resistvt.抵制，抵抗：resist the enemy抵抗敌人忍住：She cantResist crying.她忍不住要哭出来。explore,exploitexplorevt.探测，勘探：to explore the Arcti

45、c regions.探测北极地带探究，仔细探查：to explore possibilities/problemsexploitvt.录 U 削：to exploit child labor剥削里工利用/开发/开米：to exploit the undersea oil 海 卜石油factor,facultyfactorn.因素：safety factor安全因素 因子，系数facultyn.才能，能力：She has the faculty of speech.她擅长演讲。（大学）系，学院学院的全体教员 考 I have a faculty of/for doing sth.做某事的特殊才能

46、：I havea faculty of/for learning foreign languages.feature,feasiblefeaturen.特征，特色：The geographical features of an area 一个地区的地理特征 面貌：have regular features五官端正feasiblea.可行的；可能的：This project sounds feasible.fluent,fluidfluenta.流利的,流畅的：to speak fluent Japanese讲流利的日语fluidn.液体，流体a.流体的易变的，不固定的流动的foremost,f

47、orecastforemosta.最初的第一流的a d v.首先，最重要地forecast n.预测，预报：weather forecast 天气预报formal,formerformal a.正式的；礼仪上的：formal dress礼服former a.在前的，早先的：the former President前任总统n.前者：of these two alternatives,he prefers the former.fortnight,overnightfortnight n.两星期，十四天overnight a.通宵的，晚上的：We stayed overnight with our

48、 mother.我们整个晚上都合妈妈在一起。fountain,maintainfountain n.喷泉：the fountain of Rome 罗马喷泉maintain v t.维持，保持：maintain friendly relations(with sb)(与某人)保持良好关系 赡养，负担：The school is maintained by acharity.该校由一慈善机构资助。维修，保养：maintainthe roads.保养道路 坚持/主张：maintain one innocence坚持自己是清白的garage,garbagegaragen.车库garbagen.垃圾

49、废话：Dont talk such a load of garbage.废话少说arave.pavegraven.坟墓a.严重的：The sick mans conditions grave病人的病情严重 严肃的，庄重的：His face was grave as he told them aboutThe accident.pavev.铺，筑（路等）:These bricks are to pave the courtyard.这些砖要用来铺院子。infer,preferinferv.推论，推断；猜想：You can infer from what she said that shedoes

50、nt like you.preferv t.宁可，宁愿，（常与to连用）更喜欢：I prefer tea to coffee.我喜欢茶胜过咖啡。insult,consultinsultv t.侮辱，凌辱consultV.请教，与.商量 洞 advise查阅（词典，书籍等）洞 refer to （with）冏里，商议：consult with 与.协商intellectual,intelligenceintellectual n.知识分子a.智力的：intellectual work脑力劳动intelligence n.智力，聪明：a person of high intelligence 消息