大学精读英语.pdf

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1、大学英语精读文本第一册2008-7-12 15:51:48来源：TOPC中文网 作者：未知【大 中 小】点击：895次UNIT 1TEXTWant to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more timestudying?Sounds too good to be true?Well,read on.How to Improve Your Study HabitsTerhaps you are an average student with average intelligence.You do wellenoug

2、h in school,but you probably think you will never be atop student.This isnot necessarily the case,however.You can receive better grades if you want to.Yes,even students of average intelligence can be top students withoutadditional work.Heres how:1.Plan your time carefully.Make a list of your weekly

3、tasks.Then make aschedule or chart of your time.Fill in committed time such as eating,sleeping,meetings,classes,etc.Then decide on good,regular times for studying.Besure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and workassignments.Of course,studying shouldnt occupy all of the free ti

4、me on theschedule.Its important to set aside time for relaxation,hobbies,andentertainment as well.This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems,but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.Furthermore,itwill enable you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time fo

5、r bothwork and play.2.Find a good place to study.Choose one place for your study area.It maybe a desk or a chair at home or in the school library,but it should becomfortable,and it should not have distractions.When you begin to work,youshould be able to concentrate on the subject.3.Skim before you r

6、ead.This means looking over a passage quickly beforeyou begin to read it more carefully.As you preview the material,you get someidea of the content and how it is organized.Later when you begin to read youwill recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions.Skimming helps do

7、uble your reading speed and improves your comprehensionas well.4.Make good use of your time in class.Listening to what the teacher says inclass means less work later.St where you can see and hear well.Take notes tohelp you remember what the teacher says.5.Study regularly.Go over your notes as soon a

8、s you can after class.Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remainconfused about.Read about these points in your textbook.If you know whatthe teacher will discuss the next day,skim and read that material too.This willhelp you understand the next class.If you review your no

9、tes and textbookregularly,the material will become more meaningful and you will remember itlonger.Regular review leads to improved performance on test.6.Develop a good attitude about tests.The purpose of a test is to showwhat you have learned about a subject.The world wont end if you dont pass atest

10、,so dont worry excessively about a single test.Tests provide grades,butthey also let you know what you need to spend more time studying,and theyhelp make your knowledge permanent.There are other techniques that might help you with your studying.Only afew have been mentioned here.You will probably di

11、scover many others afteryou have tried these.Talk with your classmates about their study techniques.Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful.Improving your study habits will improve your grades.NEW WORDSaveragen.ordinary普通的；中等的intelligencen.ability to learn and understand

12、智力necessarilyad.inevitably 必定casen.what has really happened;actual condition 实情additionala.added附加的，额外的n.additionweeklya.done or happening every week 每周的；一周一次的schedulen.timetable 时间表chartn.(sheet of paper with)information written or drawn in the form of a picture图(表)commitv t.指定用于asidead.to the side

13、 在旁边；到(向)一 边etc(Latin,shortened form for et cetera)and other things 等等normala.u s u a l正常的readingn.the act or practice of reading 阅读assignmentn.sth.given out as a task(布置的)作业occupyn.take up 占用relaxationn.(sth.done for)rest and amusement 休息，娱乐relaxv.hobbyn.what one likes to do in ones free time 业余爱好e

14、ntertainmentn.show,party,etc.that people enjoy 娱乐entertainvt.solvevt.find an answer to(a problem)解决(问题)awarea.having knowledge or understanding 知道的；意识到的furthermoread.moreover;in addition 而且；此 夕 卜enablevt.make(sb.)able(to do sth.)使(某 人)能(做 某 事)activityn.sth.(to be)done 活动adequatea.as much as one need

15、s;enough 充分的；足够的distractionn.sth.that draws away the mind or attention 分心(或分散注意力)的事物concentrate(on or upon)vi.pay close attention(t o)全神贯注(于)skimvt.read quickly to get the main ideas(of)略读previewvt.have a general view of(sth.)beforehand 预习contentn.what is written in a book,etc,内容organizevt.form into

16、 a whole 组织latera d.后来；以后skipvt.pass over 略过portionn.part;share 一部分；一份doublev.make or become twice as great or as many(使)增力口一倍comprehensionn.the act of understanding or ability to understand 理解(力)mentionvt.speak or write about(sth.)in a few words 提及confuseda.mixed up in ones mind 迷惑的，混淆的confusevt.te

17、xtbookn.a standard book for the study of a subject 教科书；课本performancen.achievement 成绩meaningfula.having important meaning or value 富有意义的attituden.what one thinks about sth.态度，看法purposen.aim 目的，意图excessivelyad.too m u c h 过多地，过分地excessivea.permanenta.lasting for a long time;never changing 持久的；永久的techn

18、iquen.way of doing sth.技巧，方法helpfula.useful;providing help or wiling to help 有益的;给予帮助的，肯帮忙的PHRASES&EXPRSSIONSfill inwrite i n填写，填充decide onmake a choice or decision about 选定，决定set asidesave for a special purpose 留出as wellalso;too;in addition 也，还;同 样be aware(of)know(sth.);know(what is happening)知道，意识

19、到concentrate ondirect ones attention,efforts,etc.to 全神贯注于look overexamine(q u ickly)把看一遍，过目go overreview 复习lead toresult in 导致UNIT 2TEXTAt sixty-five Francis Chichester set out to sail single-handed round the world.This is the story of that adventure.Sailing Round the WorldBefore he sailed round the

20、 world single-handed,Francis Chichester had alreadysurprised his friends several times.He had tried to fly round the world but failed.That was in 1931.The years passed.He gave up flying and began sailing.He enjoyed it greatly.Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo transatlant

21、icsailing race.His old dream of going round the world came back,but this time hewould sail.His friends and doctors did not think he could do it,as he had lungcancer.But Chichester was determined to carry out his plan.In August,1963,at the age of nearly sixty-five,an age when many men retire,he began

22、 thegreatest voyage of his life.Soon,he was away in this new 16-metre boat,GipsyMoth.Chichester followed the route of the great nineteenth century clipper ships.But the clippers had had plenty of crew.Chicheater did it all by himself,evenafter the main steering device had been damaged by gales.Chich

23、ester covered14,100 miles before stopping in Sydney,Australia.This was more than twicethe distance anyone had previously sailed alone.He arrived in Australia on 12 December,just 107 days out from England.Hereceived a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who hadflown there to meet hi

24、m.On shore,Chichester could not walk without help.Everybody said the same thing:he had done enough;he must not go anyfurther.But he did not listen.After resting in Sydney for a few weeks,Chichester set off once more inspite of his friends attempts to dissuade him.The second half of his voyagewas by

25、far the more dangerous part,during which he sailed round thetreacherous Cape Horn.On 29 January he left Australia.The mext night,the blackest he had everknown,the sea became so rough that the boat almost turned over.Food,clothes,and broken glass were all mixed together.Fortunately,bed and wentto sle

26、ep.When he woke up,the sea had become calm the nearest person hecould contact by radio,unless there was a ship nearby,Wild be on an island885 miles away.After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn,Chichester sent the followiingradio message to London:I feel as if I had wakened from a nightmare.Wildh

27、orses could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that sinister Southern Oceanagain.Ju at before 9 oclock on Sunday evening 28 May,1967,he aeeived back inEngland,where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him.Queeh Elizabeth II knigthed him with the very sword that Queen Elizabeth Ihad

28、sailed round the world for the first time.The whole voyage from Englandand back had covered 28,500 miles.It had taken him nine months,of whichthe sailing time was 226 days.He had done what he wanted to accomplish.Like many other adventurers,Chichester had experienced fear andconquered it.In doing so

29、,he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself.Moreover,in the modern age when human beings depend so much onmachines,he had given men throughout the world new pride.NEW WOFDSsingle-handeda&ad.（done）by one person alone 单独的（地）adventuren.冒 险（活动）soloa.single-handed 单独的transatlantica.crossing the At

30、lantic Ocean 横度大西洋lungn.part of the body with which one breathes 肺cancern.癌determineda.with ones mind firmly made up 下定了决心的determinev.determinationn.retirevi.stop working at ones job(because of age)退休voyagen.sea journey 航海；航行routen.way from one place to another 路线clippern.快速帆船crewn.group of people w

31、ho work together on a ship or aeroplane 全体船员；全体乘务员steervt.make(esp.a boat or road vehicle)go in a particular direction 为撑舵devicen.a piece of equipment 设备；装置steering devicen.操舵装置damagevt.cause harm or injury to 损坏ad.harm,injury 损坏galen.very strong wind 大风covervt.travel(a certain dista nce)行过(一段距离)pre

32、viouslyad.before 以前previousa.attemptn.tr y 试图，尝试dissuadevt.prevent(sb.)from doing sth.by reasoning 劝阻treacherousa.more dangerous than it seems 暗藏危险的；奸诈的capen.海角rougha.(of weather or the sea)stormy;not calm(气候)有暴风雨的；(海)波涛汹涌的fortunatelyad.luckily 幸运地；幸亏fortunatea.contactvt.get in touch with 联系，接触nearb

33、yad.close by 在附近followinga.next;to be mentioned immediately 接着的；下列的wakenv.(cause to)wake 唤醒；醒来nightmaren.terrible dream 恶梦dragvt.pull along with great effort 拖，拉sinistera.凶恶的，邪恶的knightn.爵士v t.封 为爵士swordn.剑，刀accomplishvt.finish successfully 完成conquervt.overcome 征服undoubtedlyad.certainly 无疑地moreoverad

34、.in addition 此外,而且humana.of or concerning people 人们beingn.a living thing,esp.a person 生物；人PHRASES&EXPFESSIOMSset outbegin a course if action 着手，开始give upatop doing 放弃be determined to(do)have a strong will to(do)决心(做)(all)by oneself(completely)alonein spite ofnot taking notice of;not caring about 尽管；

35、虽然by farby a large amount or degree得多turn over(cause to)fall over,upset(使)翻 倒,(使)倾 覆can not helpcan not keep oneself from 禁不住PEOPER NAMESFrancis ChichesterGipsy MothSydneyCape HornLondon日 izabethDrake弗朗西斯.奇切斯特吉普赛.莫斯悉 尼（澳大利亚城市）合恩角（智利）伦敦伊丽莎白（女子名）德雷克（姓氏）UNIT 3TEXTThey say that blood is thicker than wat

36、er,that our relatives are more importantto us than others.Everyone was so kind to the old lady on her birthday.Surelyher daughter would make an even bigger effort to please he?The PresentIt was the old ladys birthday.She got up early to be ready for the post.From the second floor flat shecould see t

37、he postman when he came down the street,and the little boy fromthe ground floor brought up her letters on the rare occasions when anythingcame.Today she was sure the would be something.Myra wouldnt forget hermothers birthday,even if she seldom wrote at other times.Of course Myra wasbusy.Her husband

38、had been made Mayor,and Myra herself had got a medalfor her work the aged.The old lady was proud of Myra,but Enid was the daughter she loved.Enidhad never married,but had seemed content to live with her mother,and teachin a primary school round the corner.One evening,however,Enid said,Ive arranged f

39、or Mrs.Morrison to lookafter you for a few days,Mother.Tomorrow I have to go into hospital-just aminor operation,Ill soon be home.In the morning she went,but never came back-she died on the operatingtable.Myra came to the funeral,and in her efficient way arranged for Mrs.Morrison to come in and ligh

40、t the fire and give the old lady her breakfast.Two years ago that was,and since then Myra had been to see her motherthree times,but her husband never.The old lady was eight today.She had put on her best dress.Perhaps-perhaps Myra might come.After all,eighty was a special birthday,another decade line

41、d or endured just as you chose to look at it.Even if Myra did not come,she would send a present.The old lady was sureof that.Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks.She was excited-like achild.She would enjoy her day.Yesterday Mrs.Morrison had given the flat an extra clean,and today shehad brought

42、 a card and a bunch of marigolds when she came to do thebreakfast.Mrs.Grant downstairs had made a cake,and in the afternoon shewas going down there to tea.The little boy,Johnnie,had been up with a packetof mints,and said he wouldnt go out to play until the post had come.I guess youll get lots and lo

43、ts of presents,he said,I did last were when Iwas six.What would she like?A pair of slippers perhaps.Or a new cardigan.A cardiganwould be lovely.Blues such a pretty colour.Jim had always liked her in blue.Ora table lamp.Or a book,a travel book,with pictures,or a little clock,with clearblack numbers.S

44、o many lovely things.She stood by the window,watching.The postman turned round the corner onhis bicycle.Her heart beat fast.Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.Then clatter,clatter up the stairs.Johnnie knocked at her door.Granny,granny,he shouted,Ive got your post.He gave her four envelope

45、s.Three were unsealed cards from old friends.The fourth was sealed,in Myras writing.The old lady felt a pang ofdisappointment.No parcel,Johnnie?No,granny.Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post.That was it.It wouldcome later by parcel post.She must be patient.Almost reluctantly she tor

46、e the envelope open.Folded in the card was apiece of paper.Written on the card was a message under the printed HappyBirthday-Buy yourself something nice with the cheque,Myra and Harold.The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing.Slowly theold lady stooped to pick it up.Her prese

47、nt,her lovely present.With tremblingfingers she tore it into little bits.NEW WORDSrelativen.亲属，亲戚presentn.g ift礼物，赠品postmann.邮递员rarea.not happening o fte n罕见的；不常发生的occasionn.special time;time when sth.happens 时 亥i j,时机；场合mayorn.chief official of a city or town 市长medaln.奖章ageda.oldcontenta.satisfied;

48、pleased 满意的；高兴的primarya.first;earliest首要的；最初的arrangevi.make preparations;plan 作安排，筹划minora.not serious or important 较小的；次要的operatevi.cut the body in order to set right or remove a diseased part 开刀，动手术operating tablen.a special table in a hospital,where operations are done 手术台funeraln.葬礼efficienta.ab

49、le to plan and work well 效率高的decaden.ten yearsendurevt.bear(pain,suffering,e tc.)忍受,忍耐spotn.a round area that is different from the main surface 点，斑点brightenvt.make bright or brighter 使发光；使发亮cheekn.either side of the face below the eye 面颊extraa.additional额加的，外加的cleann.cleaningbunchn.things of the sa

50、me kind that are tied together（一）束，（一）串marigoldn.万寿菊（花）packetn.small parcel box 小 包（裹）mintn.薄荷糖slippern.拖鞋cardigann.（羊毛）开衫clattern.a number of rapid short knocking sounds 咔嗒声grannyn.（colloq.for）grandmotherenvelopen.a paper cover for a letter 信封unsealeda.未密封的sealvt.sealeda.密封的writingn.handwriting 书法；