广外考研真题1.pdf

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1、广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册专 业:翻译硕士考试科目:翻译硕士英语考生须知1.本试卷共1 6页。2.答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题册上无效。3.答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔,用其它笔作答不给分。4.考 试 时 间 为3小 时,成 绩 满 分1 0 0分。Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(30points,1 point for each)Directions:After each sentence there are four words orphrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the answer tha

2、t bestcompletes the sentence.Write your answers on your answersheet.1.Al though she gives badly_ title s to her musicalcompositions,they unusual combina tions o fmaterials including classical music patterns and rhythms,electronic sounds,and bird songs,A.conventional incorporate B.eccentric deployC.t

3、raditional exclude D.imaginati vedisguise2.Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retoldwere not solely French in origin,his versions o f them wereso deci dedly French in style that la ter an thologi es of Frenchfolktales have never them.A.excluded B.admired C.collected D.comprehended3.In

4、arguing against assertions that environmentalcatastrophe is imminent,her book does not ridicule allpredictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harmha ve in many cases been.A.exaggerated B.ignored C.scrutinized D.derided4.There seems to be no the reading public s thirstfor books about the

5、 1960 s:indeed,the normal level o finterest has_ recently because o f a spate of populartelevision documentaries,A.quenching moderated B.whetting mushroomedC.slaking increased D.ignoring transformed5.Despite a tendency to be ov e r t l y,the poetry o fthe Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and

6、 provideslively entertainment,as well as pious sentiments.A.di verting B.emotional C.didactic D.romantic6.One o f the fir s t_ o f reduced burning in Amazon rainforests was the chestnut industry:smoke tends to drive outthe insect that,by pollinating chestnut tree,allowchestnuts to develop.A.reformer

7、s B.discoveries C.casualties D.beneficiaries7.The research committee urged the archaeologist toher claim that the tomb she has discovered was that o fAlexander the Great,since her in itia l report has been basedonly on_.A.disseminate supposition B.withdraw evidenceC.undercut caprice D.document-conje

8、cture8.Al though Heron is well known for the broad comedy in themovies she has directed previously,her new film is lessinclined to:the gags are fewer and subtler.A.unders ta t emen t B.preciosity C.symbolism D.melodrama9.Bebop s legacy is one:bebop may have won jazz theright to be taken seriously as

9、 an art form,but itjazz s mass audience,which turned to other forms of musicsuch as rock and pop.A.a mixed alienated B.a troubled seducedC.an ambiguous aggrandized D.a valuable defined10.The exhibition s importance lies in its:curators have ga thered a di verse array o f significant worksfrom many d

10、ifferent museums.A.homogenei ty B.sophistry C.scope D.far sigh tednessIL Despite the fact that the commission s report treatsa vitally important topic,the report will b e _ readbecause i ts prose is s o that under s tan di ng i trequires an enormous effort,A.seldom.transparent B.carefully.pellucidC.

11、little .turgidD.eagerly.digressive12.Carleton would s till rank among the great o fnineteenth century American art even i f the circumstance o fher life and career were le s s _ than they are.A.celebri ties.obscure B.failures.,illustriousC.charla tans.impeccabl e D.enigmas.mys terious13.Although bas

12、ed on an actual event,the filmlacks:the director shuffl es events,sim plifies the tangle o f re la ti onships,anddocumentary truth for dramatic power.A.conviction.embraces B.expressiveness,exaggeratesC.verisim ili tude.sacrifices D.realism.substi tutes14.When Adolph Ochs became the publisher o f The

13、 New YorkTimes,he endowed the paper with a uniquely tone,avoiding th e editorials that characterized othermajor papers o f the time.A.abstruse.scholarly B.dispassionateashri 11C.argumentativetendentious D.cosmopolitan timely15.There are as good fish in the sea ever came out ofit.A.than B,like C.as D

14、.so16.All the Presiden t s Men_one o f the important booksfor historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A.remain B.remains C.remained D.is remaining17.You borrow my notes provided you take care o fthem”，I told my friend.A.could B.should C.must D.can18.I f only the patient a different treatment inst

15、eado f using the antibiotics,he might s till be alive now.A.had received B.received C.should receive D.werereceiving19.Linda was the experiment a month ago,changed her mind at the last minute,A.to start B.to have startedC.to be starting D.to have been startingbut she20.S h e _ f i fty or soconferenc

16、e.when I fir s t met her at theA.must be B.had beenC.could be D.must have been21.It is not_ much the language as the background thatmakes the book d ifficu lt to understand.A.tha t B.as C.so D.very22.The cominittee has anticipated the problems thatin the road construction project.A.arise B.will aris

17、e C.arose D.have arisen23.The student said there were a few points in the essayh e impossible to comprehend.A.had found B.finds C.has found D.would find24.He would have finished his college education,but heto quit and find a job to support his family.A.had had B.has C,had D,would have25.The research

18、 requires more money t han.A.have been put in B.has been put inC.being put in D.to be put in26.Overpopula tion poses a terrible threa t to the human race.Yet it is probably a threat to the human race thanenvironmenta1 des truetion.A.no more B.not more C.even more D.much more27.It is not uncommon for

19、 th e r e _ problems o fcommunication between the old and the young.A.being B.would be C.be D.to be28.at in his way,the situation does not seem sodesperate.A.Looking B.Looked C.Being looked D.To look29.It is absolutely essential that William_ his studyin spite of some learning difficulties.A.wi 11 c

20、ontinue B.continued C.continue D.continues30.The painting he bought at the street market the otherday was a _ forgery.A.man-made B.natural C.crude D.realPart II.Reading Comprehension(40 points)Section 1 Multiple choice questions(20points,2 points foreach)Directions:In this section there are reading

21、passagesfollowed by mul tiple-choice questions.Read the passages andthen write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage 1On New Yearf s Day,50,000 inmates in Kenyan ja ils wentwithout lunch.This was not some mass hunger strike tohighlight poor living conditions.I t was an extraordinaryhumanitarian

22、gesture:the money that would have been spenton their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feedan estimated 3.5 million Kenyans who,because o f a severedrought,are threatened with starvation.The drought is bignews in Africa,affecting huge areas o f east Africa and theHorn.I f you are reading

23、this in the west,however,you maynot be aware of i t一the media is not interested in old stories.Even i f you do know about the drought,you may not be awarethat it is devastating one group of peopledisproportionately:the pastoralists.There are 20 millionnomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region,a

24、nd they arefast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight encapsulates Africa s perennial problem withdrought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance o f governments,aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herderstraditional way of life.Instead they have ten

25、ded to try toturn them into commercial ranchers or agricul turalists,eventhough it has been demonstrated time and again thatpastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and that moving livestock according to the seasons orclimatic changes makes their methods far more viable thanagricult

26、ure in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often moreproduct!ve,in terms o f protein and cash per hec tare,thanAustralian,American and other African ranches in similarclimatic conditions.They make a substantial contributionto their countries national economies.In Kenya,f

27、orexample,the turnover o f the pastoralist sector is worth$800million per year.In countries such as Burkina Faso,Eritreaand Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists herds make up over10 per cent o f export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists s till starve and their animals perish whendrought hi

28、ts.One reason is that only a trickle o f the profitsgoes to the herders themsel ves;the lion s share is pocketedby traders.This is partly because the herders only sell mucho f their stock during times o f drought and famine,when theyneed the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in thissituation n

29、ever work in their favour.Another reason is thelack o f investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried toaddress some o f the problems in the 1960s,investing m ill ionso f dollars in commercial beef and dairy production.It didn t work.Firstly,no one bothered to con

30、sult the pastoralistsabout what they wanted.Secondly,rearing livestock tookprecedence over human progress.The policies and strategieso f international development agencies more or less mirroredthe thinking of their colonial predecessors.They were basedon two false assumptions:that pastoral ism is pr

31、imi ti ve andinefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed atconverting herders to modern ranching models;and thatAfrica s drylands can support commercial ranching.Theycannot.Most o f Africa s herders live in areas withunpredic table weather systems that are to tally unsuited tocommercial r

32、anching.What the pastoralists need is support for theirtraditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders andpolicy-makers have been starting to get the message.Oneexample is intervention by governments to ensure thatpastoralists get fa ir prices for their cattle when they sellthem in times o f d

33、rought,so that they can afford to buyfodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keepthemselves and their families alive(the problem in Africanfamines is not so much a lack o f food as a lack o f money tobuy it).Another example is a drought early-warning systemrun by the Kenyan government an

34、d the World Bank that hashelped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising,but more needs to be done.SomeAfrican governments s till favour forcing pastoralists tosettle.They should heed the latest scientific researchdemonstrating the productivity o f traditionalcattle-herding.UItimately,sustainabl

35、e rural developmentin pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade,so onething going for them is the growing demand for li ves tockproducts:there will likely be an additional 2 billionconsumers worldwide by 2020,the vast majority in developingcountries.To ensure that pastoralists benefit,it wil

36、l becrucial to give them a greater say in local policies.Otherkey tasks include giving a greater say to women,who playcritical roles in livestock production.The rich worldshould pay proper a t ten tion to the plight of the pastoralists.Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainableand w

37、ill lead to more resentment,conflict,environmentaldegradation and malnutrition.It is in the rich world sinterests to help out.31.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from thepassage?(A)Forcing A frica s nomadic herders to become rancherswill save them from drought.(B)The difference between pas

38、toralist and agriculturalistis vi tai to the African people.(C)The rich world should give more support to the Africanpeople to overcome drought.(D)Environmental degradation should be the major concernin developing Africa s pastoral ism.32.The word“encapsulates“in the sentence Theirplightencapsulates

39、 A frica s perennial problem with drought andfamine.”(para.1)can be replaced by.(A)concludes.(B)involves.(C)represents.(D)aggravates.33.What is the author,s attitude toward African droughtand tradi tional lifestyle o f pastoral ism?Neutral and indifferent.Sympathetic and understanding.Critical and v

40、ehement.Subjective and fatalistic.34.When the author writes“the policies and strategies o finternational development agencies more or less mirrored thethinking of their colonial predecessors,”(para.4),heimplies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies didnot.(A)have an objective view o f the s

41、ituation in Africa(B)understand the unpredictable weather systerns there(C)feel themsel ves superior in decision making(D)care about the development o f the local people35.The author,s main purpose in writing this article is(A)to evaluate the li ving condi tions o f Kenyanpastoralists(B)to give sugg

42、estions on the support o f the traditionalpastoral ism in Africa(C)to illustrate the difference between commercialranching and pastoral ism(D)to criticize the colonial thinking of western aidagenciesPassage 2Ci vil-Li berti es advocates reeling from the recentrevelations on surveillance had somethin

43、g else to worryabout last week:the privacy of the billions o f searchqueries made on si tes like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the government hasasked those companies to turn over in for ma t ion on i ts userssearch behavior.All but Google have handed over data,

44、andnow the Department o f Justice(DOJ)has moved to compel thesearch giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended useo f the information is not related to national security,butthe government s continuing attempt to police Internetpornography.In 1998,Congress passed

45、 the Child OnlineProtection Act(COPA),but courts have blocked i tsimplementation due to First Amendment concerns.In itsappeal,the DOJ wan ts to prove how easy i t is to inadvertentlystumble upon pore.In order to conduct a controlledexperimentto be performed by a UC Berkeley professor o fsta tistic s

46、the DOJ wants to use a large sample o f actualsearch terms from the di fferen t search engines.It would thenuse those terms to do i ts own searches,employing thedifferen t kinds o f f il ters each search engine offers,in anattempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful tominors might appear.

47、Google con tends that since it is nota party to the case,the government has not right to demandits proprietary in forma tion to perform its test.%intendto resist their motion vigorously,“said Google attorneyNicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the governmentis requesting only the ac

48、tual search terms,and not anythingthat would link the queries to those who made them.(The DOJis also demanding a lis t o f a million Web sites that Googleindexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sitesare searched.)Originally,the government asked for atreasure trove o f all searches mad

49、e in June and July 2005;the request has been scaled back to one week s worth of searchqueries.One oddity about the DOJ s strategy is that the experimentcould conceivably sink its own case.I f the built-in filte rsthat each search engine provides are effective in blockingporn sites,the government wil

50、l have wound up proving whatthe opposi tion has said a ll along-you don t need to suppressspeech to protect minors on the Net.%think that ourf i 1 tering technology does a good job pro tec ting minors frominadvertently seeing adul t con ten t,“says Ramez Naam,groupprogram manager o f MSN Search.Thou