写作素材中国饮食等讲义-高三英语二轮复习.docx

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1、写作素材中国饮食1、Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various dishes from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China.中国菜是中国各地区、各民族多种菜肴的统称。2、Chincse cuisine culture is extensive and profound.And as one of the Three World Cuisines, Chinese cuisine enjoys a reputation at home and abroad. 中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三

2、大菜系之一的中国菜在海内外享有盛誉。3、Tastes of Chinese food are traditionally categorizedinto five flavors:sour ，sweet, bitter,spicy, and salty. Chinese emphasize the harmony of the five flavors.中国食物的味道习惯上分为五种：酸、甜、苦、辣、咸。中国人强调五味调和。4、Sichuan cuisine is one of the eight major cuisines in China,and is famous all over th

3、e world for its richness,spiciness and variety. 川菜是中国的八大菜系之一，以其丰富的食材、辛辣的口味及多变的莱式而闻名于世。5、As an old Chinese saying goes:food is the first necessity ofpeople.正如一句中国古话说的那样：民以食为天。6、One of the characteristics of Chinese cuisine is sweet in the south,salty in the north,spicy in the east and sour in the wes

4、t.中因饮食有着“南甜北咸，东辣西酸”的特点。7、Chinese food has diversified color,aromatic flavor, and excellent taste as its main features.中国菜色香味俱全。8、The Eight Cuisines,the most influential and typical cuisines in China,are Guangdong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Jiangsucuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Hunan cuisi

5、ne, Anhui cuisine and Zhejiang cuisine.在中国，“八大菜系”是最具影响力和风味最独特的菜系，分别是：粤莱、鲁菜、苏菜、川菜、闽菜、湘菜、微菜和浙江菜。9、Noodles became an important staple of food during the Han Dynasty (202 B.C.-220 A.D.). In2002,archaeologists found an earthenware bowl containing the worlds oldest known noodles.早在汉朝时期（公元前202年公元220年），面条已成

6、为中国人的主食。2002年，考古学家发现了一个陶碗，里面盛有已知的世上最古老的面条。必备词汇1、中国菜Chinese cuisine/food2、烹饪cooking；cullinary art3、色、香、味color, flavor and taste4、调料seasonings; flavorings5、中国八大莱系eight major culsines in China6、红烧 braise in soy souce7、煨 simmer8、蒸 steam9、烤 roast10、爆炒 stir-fry茶1、China is the hometown of tea. Before the T

7、ang Dynasty, Chinese tea was exported by land and sea,first to Japan and Korea, then to India and Central Asia.中国是茶的故乡。唐代以前，中国茶叶通过陆路和水路出口，先是出口到日本和朝鲜，之后出口到印度和中亚。2、In the Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu created the first book in the world on tea, The Classic of Tea. This work helped to popularize the

8、art of tea drinking all across China.唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一部关于茶的著作茶经。这部作品促进了在中国各地推广饮茶艺术。3、The medical propertics and benefits of tea to the human body have actually been scientifically proven,and tea has come to be generally recognized as a natural health food.茶叶的药用功能及其对人体的好处实际上已经得到了科学的证明，同时茶叶已经被公认为天然的

9、健康食品。4、According to one of Chinese legends,the tea was discovered about 5, 000 years ago by Shenong Shi,whose name literally means“Divine Farmer and who is considered to have been one of the Three Sovereigns.相传，茶是由5000多年前的神农氏发现的，神农氏是农耕先祖，被称为“三皇”之一。5、Some people enjoy serving others with a cup of tea

10、 not justbecause they want to share their excellent tea but also their peace of mind with others.有些人喜欢给别人奉茶，不仅是因为他们希望分享好茶，而且他们还想和别人分享自己的平和心态。6、In Chinese society,the younger generation always show their respect to the older generation by offering a cup of tea.在中国社会，晚辈经常通过敬茶来表示对长辈的尊敬。7、There are seve

11、ral special circumstances in which tea is prepared and consumed to show respect.在一些特殊场合泡茶和饮茶是出于尊重。8、Whenever guests visit, offering a cup of tea to them is a basic social custom.每当有客人到访，给他们沏杯茶是最基本的社交习俗。必备词汇1.饮茶 drink tea2.品卷一杯茶savor/taste a cup of tea3.茶香the fragrance/aroma of tea4.领略饮茶乐趣take deligh

12、t In tea-drinking5.细啜慢饮imbibe slowly in small sips6.茶馆 teahouse7.中国茶文化Chinese tea culture8.茶道 tea ceremony9.茶艺the art of making tea10.喝茶休息时间tea break短文一It is 4,000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.中国人开始种植和饮用茶叶已经有4000年的历史了。Therere many kinds of tea in China, of which Longjing Tea i

13、s famous all overthe world. Tea is usually drunk in tea sets. A tea set is made up of a tea pot and someteacups, which are both made of china.中国有很多种茶，其中龙井茶闻名世界。 茶通常用茶具喝。 茶具是由一个茶壶和几个茶杯组成的，它们都是用瓷器做的。Most Chinese are fond of drinking tea. Tea is served not only at tea house and restaurants but also at

14、home. People also drink tea during breaks at offices or factories. It has been discovered that drinking tea does a lot of good to peoples health.大多数中国人喜欢喝茶。 茶不仅在茶馆和餐馆里供应，而且在家里也供应。 人们在办公室或工厂休息时也会喝茶。 已经发现喝茶对人的健康有很多好处。A cup of tea can make you relaxed and refreshed. And its said that green tea can prev

15、ent cancers. Thats why tea is becoming more and more popular with people.一杯茶可以让你放松，神清气爽。 据说绿茶可以预防癌症。 这就是茶越来越受人们欢迎的原因。短文二Tea, cha, is the beverage most representative of Chinese culture.Many outstanding Chinese poems were created in the company of cha.茶，是最能代表中国文化的饮料。许多优秀的中国诗歌都是在茶的陪伴下创作出来的。Originating

16、 in China, cha is divided into green tea, black tea, yellow tea, dark tea and white tea, according to its colour.茶起源于中国，按其颜色分为绿茶、红茶、黄茶、黑茶和白茶。The procedures for drinking cha are delightful.Cha, water, wares and fire are indispensable when making cha.饮茶的程序是令人愉快的，在制茶时，茶、水、器皿和火是必不可少的。The shape, colour a

17、nd fragrance of cha are quite important.The water should be clear and sweet. The fire should be clean without odour.The chinaware and purple clay tea sets are widely used.茶叶的形状、颜色和香味非常重要。水应该清澈甘甜。 炉火应清洁无异味。瓷器和紫砂茶具被广泛使用。People feel closer to nature by drinking cha.通过喝茶，人们感觉更接近自然。短文三Tea is an important

18、 part of Chinese culture. It has been around for thousands of years and is deeply rooted in Chinese society. Tea is not only a beverage, but also a way of life.茶是中国文化的重要组成部分，已有数千年的历史，深深扎根于中国社会。茶不仅是一种饮料，也是一种生活方式。In China, tea is a symbol of hospitality and respect. It is a way to show respect to gues

19、ts and to show appreciation for their presence. Tea is also used in many ceremonies and rituals, such as weddings and funerals.在中国，茶是礼节和尊重的象征。它是向客人表示尊重和感谢他们的到来的一种方式。茶也被用于许多仪式和礼节，如婚礼和葬礼。Tea is also an important part of Chinese cuisine. It is used to enhance the flavor of food and to aid digestion. Te

20、a is also used to make tea cakes, tea eggs, and other traditional Chinese snacks.茶也是中国烹饪的重要组成部分。它被用来增强食物的风味，帮助消化。茶也被用来制作茶饼、茶蛋和其他传统的中国小吃。Tea is also a popular beverage in China. There are many different types of tea, such as green tea, oolong tea, black tea, and white tea. Each type of tea has its ow

21、n unique flavor and aroma.茶也是中国很受欢迎的饮料。有许多不同类型的茶，如绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶和白茶。每种茶都有自己独特的风味和香气。Chinese tea culture is a complex and fascinating subject. It is a way of life that has been passed down through generations and is still enjoyed by many people today.中国茶文化是一个复杂而迷人的话题。它是一种代代相传的生活方式，至今仍被许多人所享受。短文四China is w

22、ell known for its tea culture with a history of thousands of years. Chinese people have been drinking tea for generations, and it is an integral part of their daily lives.中国以其拥有几千年历史的茶文化而闻名。中国人几代人都在喝茶，它已成为他们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。Chinese tea is made from various kinds of tea leaves, which are divided into gr

23、een, black, oolong, white, yellow and dark teas. Depending on the different types of tea leaves, Chinese tea has different flavors and tastes. For example, green tea is light and refreshing, while oolong tea is mellow and sweet.中国茶由各种茶叶制成，分为绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、白茶、黄茶和普洱茶。根据不同类型的茶叶，中国茶有不同的风味和口感。例如，绿茶香气清新，而乌龙茶则清

24、甜醇厚。Tea drinking is not just a beverage, but a way to appreciate the beauty of life. In China, people often take part in tea ceremonies or tea parties to enjoy the taste of tea and relax their minds. In addition, Chinese people will also use tea to show their respect to guests and express their hosp

25、itality.喝茶不仅是一种饮料，也是欣赏生活美好的一种方式。在中国，人们经常参加茶道或茶会，享受茶的滋味，放松心情。此外，中国人还会用茶来表示对客人的尊重，表达他们的热情好客。Chinese tea culture has been passed down from generation to generation and has become an important part of Chinese culture.中国茶文化代代相传，已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。一文读懂筷子文化筷子的英文怎么说？估计大家第一时间想到的是 chopsticks，在外国人眼里筷子就是劈开的两根木棍“a s

26、tick（木棍） that is chopped（劈开，剁开） into two halves”。用“木棍”来表述筷子，是不是太野蛮，太粗暴？筷子作为中国文化的重要载体之一，为了西方人更加了解中国文化，我们有责任让西方人学习了解“筷子”这种独具文明优势的中国文化。我们的筷子是有讲究的。从长度来说In terms of length筷子的标准长度是七寸六分seven cun and six fen寸和分是中国的度量衡单位，代表人有七情六欲，以示与动物的不同。Cun and fen are Chinese units of measurement. People have seven emotio

27、ns and six desires to distinguish themselves from animals.从阴阳来说In terms of Yin and Yang筷子为何是一双？因为中国人遵循阴阳的理念。合二为一，是阴与阳的结合，也意味着一个完美的结果。To merge them together is to combine Yin and Yang，meaning a perfect result。从世界观来说In terms of the worlds view筷子一头圆，一头方，象征的是天圆地方。Chopsticks are round at one end and squa

28、red at the other，symbolizing the round sky and square earth.成对出现也寓意成双成对，可以说“一双筷子”，饱含着中国人对生活的美好愿望(full of Chinese peoples wishes)必备文化知识1、Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.Chopsticks are called “Kuaizi” in Chinese and were called “Zhu” in ancient times.筷子在中国的饮食文化中具有重要意义。筷子，汉语叫“

29、筷子”，古时也称“箸”。2、Chinese people have been using chopsticks as one of the main tableware for more than 3000 years.中国人使用筷子做餐具已经有3000多年的历史了。3、China is the hometown of chopsticks. The invention of chopsticks reflects the wisdom of Chinese ancient people. A pair of chopsticks , though they look simple, can

30、nip, pick， rip and stirfood.中国是筷子之乡。筷子的发明反映了古代中国人的智慧。一双筷子,尽管看起来简单,但却可以夹,挑,扯和搅食物。4、The appearance of chopsticks said goodbye to those days when our Chinese ancestors had to use their hands to eat, so they featured the coming of civilization to food culture.筷子的出现让中国人的祖先告别了用手进食的年代,标志着进入了饮食文化文明时代。5、The

31、chopsticks have played a promoting role in the development of the cuisine techniques.筷子也推动了中国厨艺的发展。6、Chinese people are familiar with the use of chopsticks. Many foreigners are interested in but also puzzled about how to use them with facility.中国人熟悉使用筷子。很多外国人对如何熟练使用筷子既感兴趣又感到不解。7、Nowadays, chopsticks

32、 serve many new functions besides tableware. For example, you can buy a pair as a gift to your friends and relatives. In Chinese, “Kuaizi” means having sons soon, so a newly-married couple will be very happy to accept chopsticks as their wedding gift. 如今,除了用 作餐具外,筷子还有其他很多新功能。例如,你可以买双筷子作为礼物送给亲咸朋友。在汉语

33、 中,筷子可表示“快生贵子”,因此新婚夫妇收到筷子作为结婚礼物会很高兴。8、Interms of length，the standard length of chopsticks is seven cun and fen. Cun and fen are Chinese units of measurement.People have seven emotions and six desires to distinguish themselves from animals.从长度来说，筷子的标准长度是七寸六分。寸和分是中国的度量衡单位，代表人有七情六欲，以示与动物的不同。必备词汇1.筷子(古称

34、“箸”) chopsticks2.传统餐具 traditional tableware3.中华文明的一种象征a symbol of Chinese civilization4.餐桌礼仪 table manners5.用筷的餐桌禁忌table taboos while using chopsticks筷子文化一Chopsticks, invented by ancient Chinese people, are a kind of tableware with distinct national features, being an important component that reflec

35、ts the characteristics of Chinese diet culture. The history of using chopsticks in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty, more than3,000 years ago. Chopsticks, the quintessence of Chinese culture, whose lightness and flexibility develop a school of its own among various tableware all over the world,

36、 are praised as Eastern Civilization by the westerners. All those people who have ever used chopsticks, no matter Chinese or foreigners, marvel at their convenience, excellent quality, and reasonable price.筷子(chopsticks)是中国古人发明的一种具有鲜明民族特色的进食工具(tableware)，是反映中国饮食文化特色的重要组成部分。中国人使用筷子的历史可追溯到商代，距今已有三千多年。

37、筷子可谓是中国国粹，既轻巧又灵活，在世界各国餐具中独树一帜，被西方人誉为“东方的文明”。凡是使用过筷子的人，不论中国人或是外国人，都因其使用方便、物美价廉而赞叹不绝。筷子文化二Chopsticks，a kind ofeating utensils used in asian countries, especially in China,are composed of two pieces of sticks with the same shape, size and material, created with integrity, tenacity and honesty.Today, am

38、ong the various eating utensils available, chopsticks best embody Chinese cultural characteristics, becoming an important symbol of Chinese tradition. 筷子，是亚洲国家，特别是中国, 使用的一种饮食器具，由两根形状、大小、材质相同的筷子组成，以正直、坚韧、诚实的态度制作而成。今天，在各种食具中，筷子最能体现中国文化特色，成为中国传统的重要标志。The chopsticks are made of a wide range of materials

39、 including bamboo, wood, animal bone(horn), ivory, beautiful stone，mental like gold, silver, stainless iron and others, combining as more than 200 types of chopsticks. The chopsticks are designed with engravings in various colors, from short lines, and spiral lines to poems and couplets from ancient

40、 times, paintings and pyrograph.筷子由竹、木、兽骨（角）、象牙、美石、金、银、不锈铁等多种材料制成，共200多种。筷子上设计有各种颜色的雕刻，有短线、螺旋线，也有古代的诗词、对联、绘画、烟火等。There are a few things to avoid when using chopsticks.使用筷子时，有一些忌讳。Chinese people usually dont beat their bowls while eating, since the behavior used to be practiced by beggars.中国人用筷子吃饭时，忌

41、讳敲打碗盆，因为这样像是一个乞丐。Also dont insert chopsticks in a bowl upright because it is a custom exclusively used in sacrifice.还有，忌讳在碗里竖着插筷子，因为这是祭祀时的习俗。Do not stick chopsticks vertically into your food when not using them, especially not into rice, as this will make Chinese people think of funerals. At funeral

42、s joss sticks (sticks of incense) are stuck into a pot by the rice that is put onto the ancestor altar.不用筷子时，不要把筷子垂直插进食物里，尤其不要插进饭里，这样会让中国人想到葬礼。在葬礼上，香烛(香枝)会插在放在祖先坛的米饭旁的锅里。Do not wave your chopsticks around in the air too much or play with them.不要在空中过多地挥舞筷子，也不要玩弄筷子。Do not stab or skewer food with your

43、 chopsticks.Pick food up by exerting sufficient inward pressure on the chopsticks to grasp the food securely and move it smoothly to your mouth or bowl. It is consider bad form to drop food, so ensure it is gripped securely before carrying it. Holding ones bowl close to the dish when serving oneself

44、 or close to the mouth when eating helps.不要用筷子刺或串食物。拾取食物时，要用筷子向内施加足够的压力，使食物牢牢地抓住，并顺利地移到嘴里或碗里。掉落食物被认为是不礼貌的行为，所以在拿食物前要确保食物被牢牢抓住。当自己食用时，将碗靠近盘子，或进食时，将碗靠近嘴，都会有帮助。To separate a piece of food into two pieces, exert controlled pressure on the chopsticks while moving them apart from each other. This needs mu

45、ch practice.要把一块食物分成两块，要控制筷子的压力，同时把它们分开。这需要多加练习。Some consider it unhygienic to use the chopsticks that have been near (or in) ones mouth to pick food from the central dishes. Serving spoons or chopsticks can be provided, and in this case you will need remember to alternate between using the serving

46、chopsticks to move food to your bowl and your personal chopsticks for transferring the food to your mouth.有的人认为用已经靠近（或进入）嘴里的筷子从中央的菜品中夹取食物是不卫生的。可以提供餐勺或筷子，在这种情况下，你需要记得交替使用餐筷将食物移到你的碗里，而你个人的筷子则用于将食物转移到嘴里。Putting chopsticks uneven in length on the table is regarded as a sign of misfortune.把长短不齐的筷子放在桌子上，被

47、认为是不幸的象征。筷子文化三Chopsticks originated from China. Though simple and little, they are a great invention in the history of mankind. According to modern science, a long-standing use of chopsticks makes fingers flexible, which is beneficial for physical and mental health. Thus, among the various eating ut

48、ensils available today, chopsticks have a special charm stand and are popular for people.筷子起源于中国。虽然简单而小，但它们是人类历史上的一项伟大发明。根据现代科学，长期使用筷子会使手指变得灵活，这对身心健康有益。因此，在当今各种饮食用具中，筷子以其特殊的魅力屹立不倒，为人们所喜爱。Chinese chopsticks are round or square in cross-section. They are much longer than other styles. Most Chinese chopsticks are about 2530 centimeters (1012”) long.Bamboo and wood ch