系动词用法 讲义-高三英语一轮复习.docx

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1、系动词用法1)be这个系动词用得最多，后面可以跟各式各样的表语：Deathis the great leveler.死亡面前人人平等。（跟名词）Art is long，but life is short.人生有限，学海无涯。（跟形容词）His repeated absence (from school) is worrying.他一再缺课使人担忧。（跟形容词）She is pleased to accept the invitation.她欣然接受邀请。（跟形容词）It is as well to know which way the wind blows.审时度势乃上策。（跟副词）To kn

2、ow everything is to know nothing.事事皆通，事事稀松。（跟动词不定式）Let X be 5设X等于5。（跟数词）Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。（跟介词短语）What surprised me was that they broke up.让我吃惊的是他们分手了。（跟从句）Her bag is twice the size of mine.她的包比我的大一倍。（跟倍数）还可用于许多短语中，如be in、be off、be on、be over、be through、be sure of、betired o

3、f、be careful of、be mindful of、be keen on、be weary of等。2) appear作系动词表示“看上去，显得”，后面主要跟：形容词His influence was considerable but now he appears merely ridiculous.他原是有影响力的头面人物，但现在却成了人们取笑的对象。The streets appeared deserted.街上似乎行人绝迹。名词Dont make him appear a fool.别把他弄得像个傻子似的。从句It appeared that nobody was willing

4、 to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks.两位领导人好像在举行秘密会谈。3) become作系动词表示“变得，变成”，后面可以跟：形容词Think more，and youll become wiser.思考多一些，你就会变得更聪明些。What is true cannot become false,and what is false cannot become true.真的假不了，假的真不了。It takes three years to become qualified.要取得资格

5、需要三年时间。During college,Bill Gates became interested in software.大学期间，比尔盖茨对软件产生了兴趣。名词No man really becomes a fool until he stops asking questions.只要一个人还在问问题，他就不是真正的傻子。To some extent,strong points might become weak points.在一定程度上，优点也会变成缺点。4)fall作系动词表示“变成”，后面可以跟：形容词（只限于少数形容词）He fell silent.他静了下来。The hors

6、e fell lame.那马瘸了。Has she fallen ill again？她又病了吗？还可用于fall vacant（落空）、fall asleep（睡着）、fall sick（病倒）等。名词She fell an easy prey to his charm.她一下子被他迷住了。5)feel该词有两重意思，主要意思是“感觉（如何）”，后面可跟：形容词Dont make people feel bad when they make a mistake.如果有人犯了错误，不要弄得他们垂头丧气。That drink has made me feel quite bad.我喝了那种饮料后很

7、不好受。I feel rotten about not taking the children out.没带孩子出去，我觉得很内疚。He doesnt feel really fulfilled in his present job.他对目前的工作并非真正满意。介词短语They always make us feel very much at home.他们总是使我们感到非常自在。He felt near to death.他觉得快要死了。该词还可表示“摸起来（如何）”：It feels smooth on the surface.表面摸起来很光滑。Your forehead feels ho

8、t.你的额头摸起来很烫。6）get作系动词表示“变成”，后面可以跟：形容词（大量形容词可以和get连用）Better be prepared before it rains. Dont start to drill a well only when you getthirsty.宜未雨绸缪，莫临渴掘井。I get very nostalgic when I watch these old musicals on TV.我从电视中看到这些老音乐剧，怀旧之情油然而生。They have finally decided to get married.他们终于决定结婚了。Im getting more

9、 and more interested in the story.我对这个故事越来越感兴趣了。现在分词Get moving，or we will be late for school.赶快走吧，不然上学就迟到了。名词Youre getting quite a beautiful lady now.你现在都长成一个漂亮的淑女了。介词短语Let me know as soon as the project gets under control.项目一旦得到控制，马上通知我。7)go作系动词表示“处于某种状态”，后面可以跟：在多数情况下都跟形容词，但只能跟一些特定的形容词。例如：white、gra

10、y、purple、red、hungry、sour、bad、bald、tired、sick、blind、sentimental、wrong、bankrupt、broke、rotten、independent、dead、lame等Her grumbles went unnoticed.没人理会她的怨言。All the men there go armed.那里男人们都全副武装。介词短语My paper went out of use.我的纸用完了。She went offher head.她昏了头。名词Her face went a very pretty pink at the exciting

11、 news.她听到这个振奋人心的消息后，双颊映出美丽的红晕。8) grow作系动词时表示“变得”，后面可以跟：主要跟形容词。例如：cold、hot、calm、old、big、thin、bright、stuffy、angry、rich、restless、uneasy、worse、fat、dark、fierce、serious 、loud、 intimate、 tall 等He grew frightened when his mother left.妈妈走后，他变得害怕起来。She grows excited each time she sees him.她每次看到他都变得很兴奋。偶尔跟介词短语

12、The overcoat has grown out of fashion.这件外套已经不时兴了。These old traditions have grown out of date.这些老传统已经过时了。9) keep作系动词时表示“（使）保持，（使）处于”，后面可以跟：形容词We must keep quiet.我们必须保持安静。Try to relax and keep calm.尽量放松，保持镇静。副词Wet paint！Keep out！油漆未干，切勿靠近！She kept apart from other girls.她不和别的女孩待在一起。介词短语Lets keep in cl

13、ose contact during vacation.假期里，我们要保持密切联系。10)look作系动词时表示“看上去”，后面可以跟：形容词The case looks promising.这个案子看起来很有希望。He looked very concerned and troubled.他看上去既忧虑又苦恼。名词She looks a typical half-breed.她看起来是个典型的混血儿。介词短语Helooked in very good health.他看起来气色好极了。从句Helooked as if he was ill.他看起来好像病了。11)prove作系动词时表示“证

14、明是”，后面可以跟：形容词The task proved inconceivably more difficult than we had imagined.任务的困难程度超出我们的想象，令人难以置信。His punches to his opponents body proved especially telling.他打在对手身上的重拳显然非常有力。名词His wealth proved a curse to him.他的财富到头来害了他。介词短语His proposal proved of great importance to our project.后来证明，他的建议对我们的项目有很

15、大的作用。12)remain作系动词时表示“继续（处于某种状态）”，后面可以跟：形容词The author chooses to remain anon ymous.作者不愿署名。The results of this policy will remain dubious for some time.这项政策的效果短期内难以确定。Some workers remain uncommitted to the project，一些工人仍未对该计划做出承诺，Many problems remain unresolved and we still need to discuss about it.许多

16、问题尚未解决，我们仍需继续讨论。现在分词She remained listening.她仍然在听着。He remained standing for three hours.他站了三个小时。名词To live remains an art which everyone must learn,but which no one can teach.生活是一门人人须学而无人能教的艺术。His death remains a mystery.他的去世仍然是个谜。介词短语I remain in London until May.我在伦敦一直待到五月。Students must remain in res

17、idence during term time.学生在上学期间必须住校。The project must remain in limbo until the committee makes its decision.该工程必须搁置，等待委员会做决定。13)rest该词只在少数情况下用作系动词。That rests a mystery.那仍然是个谜。14)run该词有时用作系动词，表示“变成”，后面主要跟一些形容词。The course of success never did run smooth.通向成功的路从来都不平坦，该词还可用在 run high、run low、run wild、ru

18、n rife、run strong、run small.runloose、run short of、run out of 等词组中。15)seem这是一个常用的系动词，表示“看起来，似乎”，后面可以跟：形容词If the world seems cold to you, kindle fires to warm it.假如这个世界对你无情，那就燃起火来温暖它吧。Consumers seem only mildly concerned,not panicked, and many say they remainoptimistic about the economys long-term pro

19、spects even as they do some modestbelt-tightening.消费者似乎只是适度关注，并没有恐慌，尽管很多人在缩减开支，但是他们对于经济的长远发展还是乐观的。名词Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in colour and with a perfect“saddle curl”， the potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination.只有一英寸的百分之五厚，拥有淡淡的金黄色、完美的鞍状弯曲的乐事薯片看起来不可

20、能成为征服全球的武器。介词短语Instead,we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles,which now more than everseem in ample supply.我们反而可以看到一些虚伪的现象，这些现象（的例子）似乎比以往任何时候都要多。16) smell作系动词时表示“闻起来”，后面可以跟：多数跟形容词It smells delicious！闻起来多香啊！This blanket smells a bit fusty.这毯子有点发霉的味儿。有时跟介词短语Your breath smells of brandy.你的呼吸带有白

21、兰地酒味。It smells like rotten eggs.它闻起来像臭鸡蛋。17)sound作系动词表示“听起来”，通常后面可以跟：形容词The name itself sounds foreign.这名字本身听起来就很陌生。The story sounds phoney to me.我觉得这件事听起来很假。The situation described in the report sounds terrible , butit may not happen.报告中描述的情景听起来很可怕，但可能不会发生。名词或介词短语It sounds a pretty loopy idea to me

22、.我觉得那个主意有点异想天开。That sounds like the postman.听声音像是邮递员。That sounds like my sister all over.听起来跟我姐姐的声音一模一样。18) stay该词只在少数情况下用作系动词，意思是“保持（某种状态）”，后面主要跟形容词，有时跟介词短语或过去分词。She stayed single all her life.她一辈子都单身。We stayed awake to see the eclipse.我们为了看月食一宿没睡。See if you can stay out of trouble for once.看看你能不能有

23、一次不惹麻烦。The police prefer to stayunarmed.警察们宁愿不带枪。19) taste作系动词时表示“有的味道”，后面多跟形容词。My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible.我第一次尝试制作的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了。Similarly, a magazine in England found that tap water from the Thames Rivertasted better than several leading brands of bottled water that were 400

24、times moreexpensive类似的情况是，据一家英国的杂志发现，与一些贵了400倍的名牌瓶装水相比，来自泰晤士河的自来水口感更好。20)turn作系动词时主要表示“变得（成）”，后面可以跟：形容词Switch on, wait until the screen turns green , push in the disk and there you are!打开开关，等屏幕变成绿色，把磁盘推进去就行了！名词She turned botanist in her thirties.她三十多岁就成了植物学家。After graduation from Harvard, she turned lawyer.她从哈佛大学毕业后当了律师。应注意的是，如果单数名词在turn后作表语，则省略冠词a或an。学科网（北京）股份有限公司