it的用法及强调结构(附常见考点解析及练习题).pdf

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1、i t的用法及强调结构I.作代词1.用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物（是同一物）。My pen is missing.I cant find it anywhere.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected it to be much better.2.代 词 it有时不特指某件东西，而代表前面提到的整个事情。Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but it didnt help,（but 连接两个并列分句，而不是非限制性定语从句，用 it）The weather

2、 turned out to be very good,which was more than we could e x p ect.（前面用逗号隔开，没有并列连词，是非限制性定语从句，Which指代前面整个主句所表达的内容，用 which不用it）3.用来代替指示代词this,that.-Whats this?Its a book.4.表示时间、距离、天气、价值等。Its ten oclock now.（指时间）-How far is it from here to the station?-Its about two kilometers.（指星巨离）It is rather cold t

3、oday,isnt it?（指天气）-Whats the cost of the dictionary?It is twenty dollars.（指价值）5.可用来指做某个动作的人或与某事有关系的人。-一 Who is making such a noise?一 It must be the children.I I.引导词iti.作形式主语，代替由不定式短语、动名词短语或从句表示的真正主语。It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.It is no use arguing with him.It is no good going th

4、ere.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.2.作形式宾语，代替由不定式短语、动名词短语或从句表示的真正宾语（这些宾语之后有宾补，才可这样用，否则不行）。He thought it no use doing that.He feels it his duty to help others.They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.注意：it作形式宾语还有一种特殊用法，少数动词：如 like,love,

5、enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate,dont mind等或包含介词的动词短语：如 see to（负责），depend on（依靠）,be fond of,feel like等，后接宾语从句，必须先由it担任形式宾语，再接从句，常见的句型有：I like（enjoy,hate.）it when.I would appreciate it if.see to（depend on.）it that.m see to it that everything is ready.我将负责把一切都准备好。I hate it when I have to speak in French

6、on the phone.Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.3.用在强调结构中，其结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who-clause1）.可以强调主语、宾语或状语；it本身没有词义，只用来构成这个句型；指现在用is,指过去用was;that可以指物，也可以指人，who只用来指人，偶尔也用whom指 人（强调宾语时）。Yesterday he met an old friend in the park.强调主语：It was he that/who met an old

7、 friend in the park yesterday.强调宾语：It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.强调地点状语：It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.2）.强调句型的基础知识：.强调地点状语不用w here,时间状语不用w hen,方式状语不用h o w,原因状语不用w h y,都要用that.It was fo

8、r this reason that he left that school.（原因状语）It was in this way that he solved the problem.（方式状语）.也可以是状语从句被强调：It was only when I reread his poems that I began to appreciate their beauty.（时间状语从句）It was because she got up late that she didnt catch the first b u s.（原因状语从句）.被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that后的谓语在人称

9、和数上应和原句的主语一致。It is Mary who often does good deeds.强调句型可以是个否定句：It was not I that met your father in the street.判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法：如果将句中的It is/wasthat/who去掉，经整理后还是个完整的句子，本句就是强调句，否则，就不是。It was in todays newspaper that we found the news.We found the news in todays newspaper.（句子意思完整，所 以 上 句是强调句）.强调一般疑问句中的某一

10、个成分时，要用一般疑问句的语序，把 is/was提前。Did this happen in Beijing?Was it in Beijing that this happened?Wasnt it he that had made a mistake?.特殊疑问句只有疑问词可以强调：疑问词+is/was it+that-clause?Where were you born?Where was it that you were bom?.强调句型的系动词除了用is/was外，还可以在其前面加上may/might/must等表示推测的情态动词。It might be him that you m

11、et yesterday.在被强调的部分后接定语从句，使句子结构更加复杂。It was in Beihai Park they made a date for the first time the old couple told us their love story.A.where,that B.hat,that C.vhere,when D.hat,when选 A.第一个空后是定语从句，缺地点状语，用 where,第二个空才是强调句型的that.又如：It was on July 7th,1975 when he was born that his father died.4.not.un

12、til.的强调句型：It is/was not until+时间状语+that-clauseNot until+时间状语+（主句的）倒装句I didnt realize she was a film star until she took off her dark glass.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.注意：此

13、句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till和 until可通用。因为句型中It is/was not.已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句。5.谓语动词的强调如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或 did。Do come again.He did write to you last week.Do be careful when you cross the street.注意：此种强调只用do/does和 did,没有别的形式；过去时用did,后面的谓语动词用原形。I I I.常见考点及热点问题1.把强调句型与非强调句型弄混It was ele

14、ven o clock they went out of the cinema.It was at eleven o clock they went out of the cinema.A.vhich B.hat C.vhen D.on vhich选 C、B 第一个句子中的eleven o clock作表语，而非时间状语，这不是一个强调句型，when引导的是时间状语从句。第二个句子多了介词at,ateleveno clock作时间状语，这是一个强调句型，因此选B。下面这两个句子也是强调句型：It was after eleven o clock that they went out of th

15、e cinema.It was before eleven o clock that they went out of the cinema.再比较下面这两个句子：It is autumn when leaves fall.(非强调句型)It is in autumn that leaves fall.(强调句型)选出正确选项：1).It will soon be five years we came to live in Cairo.A.that B.when C.since D.as选 C。此题不是考查强调句，而是考查since的用法，句意为“我们来到开罗居住快五年了。又如：It is t

16、woyears since he left the country.他离开这个国家已经两年了。2).“Was it here you were away talking to a friend?”“Sure.But when I got back there,it was gone.”A.that B.while C.which D.where选 B。此题不是考查强调句，而是考查while的用法，while在此表示“在期间”，句意为：当你离开去跟朋友说话的时候它在这儿吗？2.特殊疑问句的强调句型1).you met with Mr.Green for the first time?A.When

17、 it was that B.Was it when that C.When was it that D.Was it that when选 C o 特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问isj+is/was it+that-clause?2).At the press conference,many foreign reporters asked Premier Wen China had made such progress inthe past few years.A.it was how that B.how it was thatC.was it how that D.how was it th

18、at选 B。在通常情况下，强调结构的特殊疑问句形式为“疑问词+is/wasit+that-clause?”，但此题强调的是宾语从句，其语序与陈述句相同，所以是：疑问词+it is/was+that-clause.3).I have always been honest and straightforward,and it doesn t matter V m talking to.A.who is it B.who it is C.it is who D.it is whom选 B.3.强调句型中带有从句(如定语从句、同位语从句等)，使句子结构更加复杂。.It was the training

19、 he had at school made him good jumper.A.what,what B.that,that C.what,that D.that,what选 B he had at school是定语从句，缺宾语，用 that引导；第二个空才是强调句型的that.It was just in the room he was born he died.A.where,which B.that,that C.where,that D.which,that选 C,he was born是定语从句，缺地点状语，用 where;第二个空才是强调句型的that.(3).It was wi

20、th great joy he received the news his lost daughter had been found.A.because,when B.which,that C.since,how D,that,that选 D,第一空填th a t,构成强调句型，被强调成分为with great joy；第二空也填th a t,用以引导同位语从句，修饰名词the news。4.被强调部分结构较为复杂，但仍是强调句型。1).It might have been John bought a present for Mary yesterday.A.that B.when C.wha

21、t D.which选 A,为强调句型，只是其中的动词be采用了 might have been这一复杂结构。强调句型的系动词除了用is/was外，还可以在其前面加上may/might/must等表示推测的情态动词。2).It was what he meant rather than what he said annoyed me.A.which B.as C.what D.that选 D,为强调句型，被强调部分为what he meant ralher than whal he sa id,句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思:3).It was his nervousness

22、in the interview probably lost him his job.A.which B.since C.that D.what选 C,为强调句型，被强调部分为his nervousness,后面的介词短语in the interview作定语，修 饰 hisnervousness,句 意 为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。4).It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it选 B,为强调句型,被强调部分为

23、the ability,后面的不定时短语to do the job作定语，修饰the ability,句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。5.强调句型中带有插入语，容易误判。1).It was lack of money,not of e ffo rt,d e fe a te d their plan.A.which B.as C.that D.what选 C,为强调句型，被强调成分为lack of money,not of efforto2).It was because of English girlfriend,believe it or n o t,

24、h i s English improved so greatly.A.which B.as C.that D.what选 C,为强调句型，被强调成分为because of English girlfriend06.考查notuntil 的强调句型1).It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common.A.was until;when B.was until;that C.wasn,t until;when D.wasn,t until;that选 D o 考查notuntil句式的强调

25、形式。2).It was not until she got home Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A.when B.that C.where D.before选 B o 考查notuntil句式的强调形式。7.弄清楚强调的是什么成分that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.A.It was we being late B.It was our being lateC.It was we were too late D.It was because we were lat

26、e选 B,强调的是句子主语our being la te,此题若还原成非强调句，即为：Our being late caused him to servedinner an hour later than usual.注意，强调句的一个显著特点是,若去掉强调结构it is/was that/who，句子仍然成立，句中的动词cause需要有自己的主语。此题容易误选D,认为强调的是原因状语从句becausewe were late,o但实际上，强调的是句子主语our being lat.Exercise(1)1.has just rained twice.A.Here B.There C.Wuha

27、n D.I2.1 like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I don t have enough money to buy.A.one B.t C.his D.hat3.Have you heard the latest news?-No,what?A.fc t B.s here C.are hey D.a-e hose4.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.A.t B.hose C.one D.h

28、at5.felt funny watching myself on TV.A.One B.This C.I D.That6.He didn,t make clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.his B.hat C.i D.hese7.1 prefer a flat in Inverness to in Perth,because I want to live near my mom,s.A.one B.hat C.i D.his8.一 There is still a copy of the book in the library.

29、Will you go and b o r r o w?-No.r d rather buy in the bookstore.A.t,one B.onq one C.aie,t D.it,t9.worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A.This B.That C.What D.I10.一 Who knocked at the door?-r ve no idea;I just pretended nobody was at home.So I didn t ask who was.A.he B.hat C.he D.I11.Liu Xia

30、ngs breaking the record in the Asian Games was an exciting m o m e n t,a ll of us will never forget.A.hat B.oie C.i D.hat12.Did you reach the top of the mountain?-Yes.Even I myself didn t believe I could ma ke.A.hat B.t C.nyself D.hem13.If I can h e l p,I don t like working late into the night.A.X)B

31、.hat C.t D.hem14.r d appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.t B.hat C.his D.y)u15.1 like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A.his B.hat C.t D.one16.We should make a rule for us roommates to turn off the lights at 10:00 pm.A.t B.hat C.oie D.dl17.一 Mum,have

32、you seen my mobile phone?-you bought last week?I m afraid I haven t s e e n.A.The one,i B.The onq aie C.One,t D.One,one18.is no doubt NBA can win the first prize in the match.A.I,vhether B.There,that C.I,hat D.There,Wiether19.The doctor advised Versa strongly that she should take a holiday,but didn

33、t help.A.t B.he C.vhich D.he20.The weather turned out to be very g o o d,w a s more than we could expect.A.t B.one C.hat D.Wiich21.It was because of bad w e a t h e r the football match had to be put off.A.JO B.)hat C.vhy D.hat22.-Was it in 1 9 6 9 the American astronaut succeeded landing on the moo

34、n?一 Quite right.A.when,on B.that,on C.when,in D.that,in23.It was his remarks left me wondering about his real purpose.A.vhich B.vhat C.vhere D.hat24.Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat went down?A.vhere B.hat C.vhich D.vhat25.Is it in the factory you visited last week thi

35、s kind of car is made?A./,that B.Where,when C.Where,hat D./,when26.It was for this reason her uncle moved out of bfew York and settleddown in a small village.A.which B.why C.hat D.how27.How many years is it your sister came to work here?A.ifter B.snce C.before D.until28.When was that the general man

36、ager left for Japan?A.he B.it C.that D.since29.Who was it saved the drowning girl?A.since B.as C.that D.he30.i How was they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?一 Totally by chance.A.it that B.he that C.it when D.he vhich31.1 must find out why so many students made the same mistake.A.is

37、 it that B.was it which C.it is what D.it was that32.-Where was you picked up the wallet?-Just near the school gate.A.i B.i hat C.he phce D.he phce hat33.I don t mind her criticizing me,but is how she does it that Iobject to.A.it B.that C.this D.vhich34.-that he managed to get the information?一 Oh,a

38、 friend of his helped him.A.Where was it B.What was it C.How vas i D.Why vas t35.the people have become the master of their own country science can really serve the people.A.It is only then；that B.It was that；whenC.It is only when；that D.It was when；then36.It was more than a year now he had seen her

39、.A.that B.since C.when D.曲ich37.一 Was it here you were away talking to a friend?Sure.But when I got back there,it was gone.A.that B.while C.which D.vhere38.It was back home after the experiments.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didn,t goC.not until midnight that he went D.unti

40、l midnight when he didn t go39.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.A.岫o B.which C.hat D.曲at40.It*s not what we do once in a while shapes our lives,but what we do consistentlyA.Wiich B.hat C.k)w D.汕en41.It was from only a few supplies that she had

41、bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nicedinner.A.vhere B.hat C.vhen D.vhich42.John s success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work has made him what he istoday.A.vhy B.Wien C.Wiich D.that43.It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.A.that B.when C.while D.济

42、44.It was he came back from Africa that year he met the girl he would like to marry.A.when;then B.not;until C.not untl;hat D.oily;vhen45.It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.which B.it C.that D.this46.It was after he got what he had desired he realized it was not so important.

43、A.that B.when C.since D.济47.Was it near the white building,if I may a s k,Ma r t i n Luther King gave a speech“I have a dream”?A.where B.that C.why D.in vhich48.find my wallet,Tom?A.Where did you hat B.Where was it youC.Where hwe y)u D.Where vas t hat you49.-the accident happened?-Its said to happen

44、 on his way to work.A.Do you know it is where thatB.Where is it that do you knowC.Do you know where it is thatD.Where do y)u know t s hat50.-Have you seen Rose recently?-No.Its five years I met her.A.since B.after C.when D.beforeExercises(2)一.单项选择Lit was at the gate he told me the news.A.hat B.vhat

45、C.岫ich D.Wien2.1 s necessary to tell his lather everythingA.t B.hat C.Wiat D.he3.Was it in this palace_the last emperor died?A.hat B.h Wiich C.h Wiere D.Wiich4.1s possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A.IDW B.rmn C.hat D.t5.Was it during the Second World War_he died?A.hat B.Wiile C.h vhich D.he

46、n6.1s necessary to complete the design before National Day?A.this B.hat C.t D.he7.1 dont think possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.his B.hat C.is D.t8.Does matter if he cant finish the job on time?A.his B.hat C.he D.it9.It was not she took off her dark glasses_,1 realize

47、d she was a famous film star.A.when;hat B.until;hat C.untl;Wien D.Wien;henlO.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but didnt help.A.he B.Wiich C.he D.i11._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.I12.Is possible to fly to the moo

48、n in a spaceship?A.now B.man C.that D.it13.Our food and service are better than used to be.A.it B.we C.they D.them14.appears to me the report must be truth.A.That;t B.It;hat C.It;it D.That;that15.He feels duty to help others.A.that te B.that hs C.it he D.it his16.Take easy.The roads are icy.A.it B.t

49、hem C.us D.you17.The TV sets made in China are much better than in Japan.A.that B.those C.them D.It18.Have you found the bike you lost yesterday?-Yes,Fve found already.A.it B.that C.the ore D.that one19.Em looking for a flat.-Wou Id you like with garden?A.it;he B.it;a C.one;a D.one;the20.was who I m

50、et in the museum this morning.A.It;hm B.It;he C.That;he D.That;him21.It was in the rice fields we had our League meeting.A.where B.that C.in 岫ich D.on which22.you come to the party so late?A.Why sit B.Why it isC.Why t s hat D.Why is it that23.-Were all three people in the car injured in the accident