冀教版英语八年级上册34单元短语总结.pdf

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1、A beautiful lady named Chang9e however13 The lunar calendar 农历，阴历Watch the moon 赏月the lunar new year 春节At dinner 用餐 give thanks to sb do sth thanks for doing sthIn the storyA seven-day holidaylive on the moonon the second Monday of OctoberHave fun doing sth14 Remember doing sthSave ones memory too.t

2、oChoose sth from get togetherEnjoy doing sthPoint of view=view pointForge to do sth add toFace to face over the internet15shop for sth buy sth for sbLook for live in what size.?Give sb sth try on16 celebrate holidays with sbLet sb do sth give sb sthsuch as for example likeask sb to do sthmake a slid

3、e showbe useful for doing sthlively on the family treeattend worry aboutstay/keep in touch with sba clothing/shoe storeThe same asany othergo to sp with sb arrive in/atsay hi to sb nice to do sthFeel at home as usualwish to do sth much moreTry to do sth17 make sth for sbPass sb sth=pass sth to sbBes

4、t wishes to sbOn the top of have no lucksend sb sth=send sth to sbhappy birthday to sbput sth into not yetthe post office one of+名词复数18an interesting gift many thanks for bring sth toIn fashion out of fashionHold a party for sb turn off/onMake a wish take a deep breathM ean动词fit sb well think ofcarr

5、y sth intoblow out immediatelybe the meaning of.意思Unit4Both A and B both ofOver there have toTake sb to sp come for a visiton the map so manyadd to complete=finishon one、way(to)Take a bus by bus show sb sth=show sth to sb point to turn left=turn tote leftCross=go across pass=go pastWrite out a piece

6、 of paper asstoreAt the second crossing/turningDuring the winter play hockey on itIfs.block(s).(away)fromdo some housework ride ones bikebe late for+n.In the direction ofon the sidewalk start doing sth grocerythe entrance of five minutes latera shopping centreshop at sp go with sb on weekendsthe who

7、le afternoon=all the arternoonChat with sb a little expensiveSth cost sb*money sb pay money for sth spend.(n)Idoing/on sthIt takes sb*money/time to do sth be busy doing sthan enjoyable job A pair of pants/trousers/scissors/shorts/glasses sound/look likeMy second stop be full of+=be filled with get u

8、p by 7:00Many delicious smells the smell of fresh a clothing/shoe storeBe friendly/nice/good/kind to人称代词的用法1、人称代词的主格在句中作主语。如：She is a good student.2、人称代词的宾格在句中作动词、介词的宾语，还可作表语使用。如：I dont know him.我不认识他。3、人称代词的语序几个人称代词并列作主语时，它们的顺序是：单数形式(2,3,1)you,he and I复数形式(1,2,3)we,you and they二、物主代词的用法1、形容词性物主代词在句

9、中作定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。2、名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面提及的名词重复。相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。3、名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。如：He is a friend of m ine.他是我的一个朋友。1.表示意愿w ill表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿。【注】表示“意愿”的 w ill有时可用于条件句中。如:If you will allow me,I will see you hom e.如果你同意，我可以送你回家。(2)would也可表示现在的意愿，语气较委婉。如：Fd go there

10、with you.我愿同你去那儿。I wouldnt g o.我不会去。2.表示征求意见或提出请求主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和 would均可用，would此时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。Wont you take off your coat?、Will would you please post the letter for me?Would Sunday night suit you?【注】(1)有时为使语气委婉，可用否定式。总的说来，用 would比用will委婉，用won t 和 wouldn7 t 比单独用will和 would要委婉。(2)would 有时用于提出想法，通

11、常与 like,love,hate,prefer,be glad,be happy 等连用，若用于第一人称有时也可将would换成should。如:Id like love to have a look at it.我想看看它。3.表示习惯和倾向性will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。如：【注】有时would表示经常发生的令人不耐烦的事。如：T ha just like himhe would lose his keys!他就是这样，老丢钥匙！4.表示推测will用于谈论现在，would可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在（语气较委婉）。如：【注】有时可后接完成式，表示对过去可能已经发

12、生的情况进行推测。如：You will have heard of it.你已经听到那事了吧 I thought you would have finished it by now.我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级，即原形。2）比较级，表 示“较”或“更一些”的意思。3）最高级，表 示“最的意思。1）一般在词尾加-e r 或2）以字母e 结尾的形容词，加 或-st3）,以辅音字母加y 结尾的双音节的词，变 y 为 i 再 加 或4）,重读闭音节结尾，并且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母，再加-er或5）多音节词前和部分双音节词，在词前加more或 most.

13、6）例如：beautiful/useful/careful/careless/7）popular/interesting/exciting/difficult/8）importantslowly/quickly/heavily/happily/easily,9）部分形容词（副词）的比较级和最高级的不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/wellmany/muchbad/ill/badlylittle比较级的用法：thanmuch+比较级.得多 a little+比较级.点这类词还有,even,still,far,a bit等形容词的最高级，of，in.确定出最高级的比较范围，l.as+形容词原

14、级+a s结构 表示肯定意思，”和一样”；not as/s o as 表示否定意义，“不如”或“不一样”。He is as strong as an ox.2、the比较级主谓）the比 较级（主谓）.表示 越越”：The more books you read,the wider your knowledge is.3、比 较 级+an d+比 较 级（前后形/副词是同一个）.表示 越来越”：More and more students realized the注意1、very,so,too,a s 等后要加动词原级.2.句子中有than或 有 o r 连接两项内容必用比较级。th e后要用

15、最高级。4、注意比较的对象和正确使用替代词：5、句子要适当运用动词。下列结构常用带to 的动词不定式he able/ready/afraid to do sth can 7 wait to do sth Its time to do sthIt takes sb some time to do sth下列结构必须使用不带to的动词不定式。sb to do sthhad better do sthmake/let sbdo sth why not do sth?would you please do sth常见不定式短语谚语To see is to believe.would rather do

16、 sththan do sthEat to live,hut not live to eat.Its never too old to learn.Not to advance is to go back.现在完成时讲解一.基本结构：助 动 词 have/has+过去分词（done）二.句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语：Yes,主 语+have/has.（肯定）N o,主 语+haven/hasnt（否定）三.用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent

17、all of my money（so far）.（含义是:现在我没有钱花了.）Guo zijun has（iust/alreadv）come.（含义：郭子君现在在这儿）My father has gone to work.（含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿）（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或 状 态（be动词表示）常 与 for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.for+时段 since+过去一个时 间 点（译为：自从.以来）since+时段+ago ince+从 句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从 句（过去时）四.h

18、as gone（to）,has been（to）,has been（in）的区别Have/Has gone（to）:去了（现在不在说话现场）Have/Has been（to）:去 过（已不在去过的地方）Have/has been in：呆 了 多 久（还在所呆的地方）五.现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响，用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义：以already,just和 yet为标志He has al read、got her h e lp.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come b

19、ack yet.他还没有回来。六.*以ever和 never为标志This is the best film I have ever se e n.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。*以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times.他说他已经去过美国三次了。*以so far（到目前为止）为标+bcforcHe has got to Beijing so f a r.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the examso fa r.到目前为止她

20、己经通过了考试。2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在，甚至有可能继续延续下去，我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手谜一步学习现在完成时。*for+时段 since+过去一个时间点(过去 从句)为标志注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last week,three years ago等；2)不能与，vhen连 用2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用七.瞬 间 动 词(buy,die,join,come,go,leave,join.)不能直接与for since连用。要改变动词buy-have borrow-keepcome/arr

21、ive/reach/get to-be ingo out-be out leave-be awaybegin-be on finish be overopen-be open close-be closeddie be dead 1.have 代替 buyMy brother has had(不能用 has bought)this bike for almost four years.2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrow1 have kept(不能用 have borrowed)the book for quite a few days.3、用 be 替代 becomeHow l

22、ong has your sister been a teacher?4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用 wear 代替 put onb)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词1、be+married 代 marry 2、be+ill 代 fall(get)ill3、be+dead 代 die 4、be+asleep 代 fall(get)asleep5、be+awake wake/wake up 6、be+gonef lose,die,sell,leave7、be+o

23、pen 代 open 8、be closed 代 close/shut9、be+missing(gone,lost)f losec)用“be+副词”代终止性动词lbe+on”代 start,begin2“be+up”代 get up3“be+back(to)”代 return to,come back to,go back to4ube here(there)“代 come(arrive,reach,get)here 或 go(arrive,reach,get)there 等等d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词l.“be in/at+地点”代替 go to/come to2.用 be in

24、the army 代替 join the army3“be in/at+地点”代替 move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表:1.have arrived at/in sw.got to/reached e/gone/moved to sw.have been in sw./at相应的介词2.have come/gone back/returned have been back3.have come/gone out have been out4.have become 一 have been5.have closed/opened have been close/open6.have got

25、 up have been up；7.have died have been dead；8.have left sw.have been away from sw.9.have fallen asleep/got to sleep have been asleep；10.have finished/ended/completed have been over；11.havemarried have been married；12.have started/bcgun to do sth.have done sth.；13.have begun have been on14.have borro

26、wed/bought have kept/had15.have lost havent had16.have put on 一have worn17.have caught/get a cold have had a cold；18.have got to know 一 have known19.have/has gone to *have been in20.have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army have been a member of/have been in/have been the Partys member/the leaguemember/the soldier.现在完成时练习（一）A）选用have,has填空:1.1 told him the news.2.S he come back from school.3.You won the game.B）按要求改写下列各句：4.They have bought a computer4改成否定句）5.He has lost his book.（先改成一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答）