2023届高三英语总复习 必修第一册Unit1 Back to school（教师版） （译林版2020）.pdf

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1、Unitl Back to school重点词汇 1.p a th n.道路；小路；成功的途径2.individuals.个 人 单 独 的，个别的3.charactern.品质，性格；人物，角色；文字4.positive.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的5.acquire 获得，得到6.effort n.努力，费力的事；试图7.resource/2.资源；资料；谋略8.attitude n.态度，看法9.g o a ln.目标；进球得分10.focus n.焦点,重点 一&泣 集 中 集 中11.remind uL提醒，使想起12.a im n.目的，目标历.&%力争做到；目的是；针对13.sty

2、le/?.风格；方式；样式14.technique?.技巧，技艺；技能15.material n.材料，素 材。外物质的，实际的；客观存在的16.postern.海报；（在网络留言板上）发布消息的人17.s e c o n d a ry 中学的，次要的18.exchange n.&交换；交流；兑换19.biology n.生物学20.butter n.黄油词汇拓展 1.potential n.潜力；可 能 性 44A潜在的，可能的potentially 4d也潜在地,可能地2.challenge n.&%挑战；质疑challenging。4.有挑战性的3.advance n.进步，进展；前进，

3、行 进 力.&应.发展，进步-advanced 力.先进的,高级的4.amazing 力.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 amaze山.使惊讶 amazed 4.惊讶的5.confidence n.信心，信任；把握confident adj.自信的6.equal a力.相等的;平等的；相当的几同等的人（物linking 口 与.相等一比得上 equaHy 小.平等地7.balance uf.同等重视:（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性n,均衡，平衡；平衡能力-balanced adi.平衡的8.responsible adj.有责任,负责；可靠的responsibility.责任9.improve W.&

4、泣改进,改善一 improvement 改进10.proposal n.提议，建议，动议一 propose”.提议11.professional a力.职业的,专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的n.专门人员，专业人士T profession f t.职业，专业12.host n,主人；东道主；主持人 以主办；主持hostess 女主人，女主持人13.tough时.艰难的;严厉的；坚强的；坚固的一 Houghly ad也艰难地:粗暴地14.alarm/?.闹钟；恐慌；警报；警 报 器 使 惊 恐，使害怕alarmed 力.惊恐的alarming使人惊恐的15.contribution n.贡献

5、；捐款；捐赠contribute y.捐献；贡献16.fortunately c/小.幸运地,幸亏一 forlunale adj.幸运的 forlune 大笔的钱；时运；命运17.option n.可选择的事物，选择；选修课optional 力.可选择的18.allracl 吸引,使喜爱；招引；引起（反应）allra引ve a/.吸引人的allraclion.有吸引力的事物重点词组1.lie in 存在于；在于2.rise to 能够处理3.make a difference起作用，有影响4.make the most o f充分利用,尽情享受5.take advantage of 利用6.I

6、asi but nol least最后但同样重要的7.lead to 通往:导致8.as a result of 由于9.stick t o 坚持,固守，维持10.look forward to 盼望,期待11.over tim e随着时间流逝，久而久之12.pay attention to 注意e tru e成为现实14.in many w ays在很多方面15.give up 放弃16.sign up 签空17.put up 张贴18.get on well相处融洽19.in the beginning 在开始时20.cant wait fbr 迫不及待重点句型1.表语提前引起的完全倒装G

7、one are the days when we used foreign oil.我们使用洋油的日子已经一去不复返了。2.动名词短语作主语Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.早晨大声朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。3.that引导的定语从句The place that interested me most was the Childrens Palace.最使我感兴趣的是少年宫。4.so.that 句型They ran so fast that we cant catch up with them.他们跑得

8、太快了，我们赶不上。即:知 识精讲知识点 01 Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create,what medical advances you will make orwhat aniaing technologies you will develop!a m a z i n g 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的(l)amaze泣使惊讶(2)amazed时惊讶的be amazed at/by 对.感到惊讶(3)amazement,惊讶;惊愕to one飞amazement让某人惊讶的是in amazement惊讶地；惊愕地注意：amaz

9、ed 4.惊讶的，用来形容人的心理、表情或声音等；amazing 的.令人大为惊奇的，用来形容事或物。单句语法填空our amazement,she ate so many apples in five minutes.Actually,it(amaze)me that he had given up such a good opportunity.His(amaze)look on his face suggested that he was very surprised.We were amazed at the exhibits.We couldnt help taking pictur

10、es all the time.(用 so.that 将这两个句子合并为一句)【答案】l.To 2.amazed3.amazed4.Wc were so amazed at the exhibits that we couldnt help taking pictures all thetime.知识点 2.Carefully plan your study,set clear goals and bafenyour school work with other activities,balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性儿 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 balance.again

11、st.把.与.进行权衡keep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡(2)balanced 4力.平衡的a balanced diet均衡的饮食 单句语法填空/完成句子To keep healthy and slim,we should keep a(balance)diet.Suddenly,and fell off the bike.突然，这个女孩失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。The doctor.医生建议我要均衡饮食。(答案1 .balanced 2.the girl lost her balance3.advised me to have a balanced diet知

12、识点 3.Of_equal impoHansc 绒 good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.be+of+抽象名词；倒装句(l)be of importance为“b e+o f+抽象名词”结构，相当于“be+形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质，常见的抽象名词有imporlance,value,use,help等。(2)本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为 Good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitudeare of equal importance.为了平衡句子

13、结构，将表语置于句首。这类倒装结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语”。单句语法填空/句型转换The old map will be great use while you are traveling.We know that learning English well is of great(important).The days are gone when women were looked down upon.一Gone when women were looked down upon.(改为倒装句)1 have the confidence that my advice wi

14、ll be very valuable to you.1 have the confidence that my advice will to you.【答案 Lof 2.importance3.are the days4.be of great value知识点 4 Over the next three years,you will discover your potential while_you develop as a student and as aperson.while引导时间状语从句 本句中while意为“当.的时候”，引导时间状语从句。(2)while意为“然而；可是”，用

15、作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。(3)while意为“虽然；尽管 引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折。注意：while意为“虽然，尽管 时，与although,though用法相同，不与but连用。完成句子_,I noticed a police car in front of the store.当我在公共汽车站等车时，我注意到商店前面有一辆警车。My brother was washing the dishes _.我弟弟在刷盘子，而我在擦桌子。_，I helped her out of trouble and gain confidence.虽然我不喜欢她，但还是帮她走出困境并获

16、得自信。答案1 .While I was waiting at the bus stop2.while I was cleaning the table3.While I disliked her知识点 5 Most importantly,your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.effort n.努力，费力的事；试图make efforts/an effort to do sth.努力做某事spare no efforts to do sth.不遗余力地做某事with an

17、 effort 费力地without effort毫不费力地We should _ help those people in trouble.我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些有困难的人。He won the first prize in the speech contest _.他毫不费力地在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。In my opinion,students should _to achieve their potential while at school.在我看来，学生在学校应该努力发挥他们的潜力。答案1 .spare no effort to2.without effort3.make ef

18、forts/an effort知识点 6 The possibilities are endless,and I have 五d切cc in your ability to mak良to your family,to your community and to our country.confidence.信心，信任；把握(l)have confidence in 对.有信心；信任with confidence 自信地(2)confident 的.自信的be confident about/of对.有自信/有把握(3)confidently adv.自信地The members of the

19、basketball club all _ their manager.篮球俱乐部的成员都对他们的经理有信心。My teachers praise made me more confident_ my future.我老师的表扬使我对自己的未来更有信心。I can speak English very fluently and I_ that I will be the best volunteer of the exhibition.我能很流利地说英语，我相信我会成为这次展览的最佳志愿者。【答案】1 .have confidence in2.about/of3.am confident知识点

20、 7 Of equal importance are good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude.equal 相等的；平等的，相当的，能胜任的n.同等的人(物)以与相等；比得上(l)be equal to sth./doing sth.与.相等；胜任做某事(2)equal sb.in(doing)sth,在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌(3)be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌(4)equally adv.平等地；同样地As far as I know,he is quite the job.

21、据我所知，他完全有能力胜任这项工作。His landscape paintings are in the western world.他的风景画在西方世界无与伦比。Men and women must be treated(equal)in education and employment.在教育和就业方面男女必须得到平等的对待。He is so strong that nobody can.Furthermore,no one dare challenge him.他太强壮了，没有人能比得上他的力气。而且，没有人敢挑战他。答案1 .equal to2.without equal 3.equa

22、lly4.equal him in strength知识点 8 Setting goals gives you a in life.focus n.焦点，重点 江.集中 focus 0口 集中于.；关注.focus ones attention on.=put ones heart into 集中注意力于.(2)focused 火.注意力集中的 单句语法填空/一句多译It will help you become more patient and(focus).The noise made it hard for the students to focus their homework.我建议

23、你把注意力集中在你正在学习的东西上。1 suggest that you should.(put)1 suggest that you should.(focus)【答案】1 .focused 2,on 3.put your heart into what you are studying4.focus your attention on what you arestudying知识点 9 Instead,you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.base%以.为基础(依据).根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营(l)base.o

24、n.把.建立在.的基础上(2)be based o n 以.为基础；根据(3)basis n.基础on the basis of.在.的基础上(4)basic时.基础的；基本的 单句语法填空/完成句子I will plan my college life(base)on what I hope to do after graduation.All of us have known more about the(base)reading methods.As we all know,he.众所周知，他把自己的成功建立在努力工作的基础上。【答案】1 .based2.basic3.bases his

25、 success on hard work知识点 lO.This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.remind W.提醒，使想起remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb.that 提醒某人.单句语法填空/单句写作He often reminds me(care)about details when Im reading.The new function can remind you appointments and im

26、portant dates.我爸爸经常提醒我，糖对牙齿有害。答案l.to care2.of 3.My dad often reminds me that sugar is bad for the teeth.知识点ll.aimn.目的；目 标 H.&”力争做到；目的是；针对(l)aim at doing sth./to do sth.意欲/企图/力求做某事be aimed a t目的是；旨在(2)with the aim of 以.为目标(3)aimless M/.没有方向的，无目的的(4)aimlessly adu.没有方向地，无目的地 单句语法填空/句型转换These measures a

27、re aimed preventing violent crimes.Teamwork is required in order to achieve these(aim).These activities aim to broaden our horizons.These activities.(aimed)(答案l.at 2,aims3.are aimed at broadening our horizons知识点 12 Last year,I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange stud

28、ent.exchange n.&%交换；交流；兑换(l)in exchange for 交换.(2)exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物exchange.for 以.换取.单句语法填空/完成句子Ive just bought this blue sweater,but can I exchange it _a yellow one?We will have an opportunity to exchange views _ the manager.If you agree to our proposal,well give you paper _your wood.如果你

29、同意我们的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。【答案】l.for 2.with 3.in exchange for知识点 13.Class discussion is very important in the UK,but I could not make a great CQntributiQn.contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐赠；投稿(l)make contributions/a contribution to 为.做贡献(2)contribute vt.&v/.M.的原因之一；捐 赠,捐 献;增 加,添 加contribute to促成，造成；有助于contribute.to.

30、|R.投稿/捐赠.单句语法填空/一句多译Doing small things well contributes to _(help)us meet bigger challenges in the future.He made a very positive _(contribute)to the success of the project.这个老太太已经为社区做出了很多贡献。一The old woman _.(contribute)The old woman _.(contribution)【答案】1 .helping2.contribution3.has contributed a lo

31、t to the community,has made a lot of contributions to thecommunity知识点 14.The one that M inted me most was the Rugby Club.attracts吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)(l)be attracted by 被.吸引attract ones attention吸引某人的注意力(2)attractive时.吸引人的,有吸引力的(3)attraction n.吸引人的事物；吸引(力)单句语法填空/完成句子Pandas are _(attract)to people of all

32、ages.Beijing has many historical _(attract),such as the Great Wall,the Summer Palace and theForbidden City.Im convinced that you are sure to be _of science and technology.我相信你一定会被这个科技展览所吸引。【答案】I.attractive2.attractions3.attracted by the exhibition知识点 15 I like it much that I still use it as my alarm

33、!so that (1)本句中的so.that 意为 如此以至于so是副词,修饰形容词或副词；th a t引导结果状语从句。具体有以下几种形式：(90+6./小.+小 1从句50+4力+3/。+可数名词单数+由41从句so+many/few+可数名词复数十由 at从句、so+much/little少+不可数名词+that从句(2)such.that中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式：such+a/an+为:十可数名词单数十that从句It was _ that nobody wanted to do anything.【答案】1 .so 2.such 3.such a hot da

34、y知识点 16.AsaiesultQf your action,your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life.as a result of 由于(l)as a result 结果，因此(2)result in 导致resultfrom由.引起,起因于.(3)表示 因为,由于”的短语还有：because of,thanks to,due to,owing to 等。John cant take part in the match tomorrow_his getting injured yesterday.由

35、于约翰昨天受伤，明天不能参加比赛。The young man never cared about details._,he made a big mistake.这个年轻人从不关心细节。因此，他犯了一个大错误。His failure in this exam _ his not working hard enough.他这次考试不及格是因为不够努力。Not working hard enough _ his failure in this exam.他不够努力导致他这次考试不及格。答案l.as a result of 2.As a result3.resulted from4.resulted

36、 in知识点 17 I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm!alarm n,闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 亦使惊恐，使害怕(l)raise/sound the alarm 拉响警报in alarm惊慌地(2)alarmeda的.担忧的；恐惧的be alarmed at/by 对.惊恐/担心(3)a larm in g 令人担忧的，令人恐惧的Iwhen the fire broke out.火灾发生时我拉响了火警警报。0n hearing the news,he jumped up alarm.一听到这个消息，他就吓得跳了起来。The wo

37、man felt(alarm)at the news from her parents.那个女人听到父母的消息感到惊慌。【答案】1 .sounded the fire alarm2.in 3.alarmed题语法精讲主语+谓语(Subject+Verb)主语+系动词+表语(Subject+Verb+Predictive)主语+谓语+宾语(S ubject+V erb+Obj ect)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语(S ubj ec t+V erb+Obj ect+Obj ect)主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(Subject+Verb+Object+Object complement)感悟规律1.主语和谓语是

38、句子的必要部分。2.宜遗一定要跟在及物动词的后面。3.当谓语动词后有两个宾语时，第一个是间接宾语,第二个是直接宾语。4.宾语补足语是对宾谙的补充说明。语法精析一、句子成分句子是表达思想的基本单位，主要的句子成分(sentence elements)有主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(0)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。具体如下：1.主语(subject)：指句子所谈论的主体。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、主语从句和短语等来担任。Your attitude towards my plan is very important.你对我计划的态度非常重要。如 pe

39、rsuade her to change her mind is really very hard.说服她改变主意确实很难。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。2.谓 语(verb)：谓语又称为“谓词”，指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征和状态。Each student in our class works very hard.(简单谓语)我们班的每个学生学习都很努力。The child could dress himself at the age of three.(复合谓语)这个小孩三岁就会自己穿衣服了。3.宾语(object)：通常指动作的对象。有的动

40、词后面可以接两个宾语，通常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object),把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)oThe old man gave the child some nice books.老人给了这个孩子一些好书。I will buy a new coat for my mother.我要给妈妈买一件新外套。4.补语(complement)：补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement),用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。Later I found that person very cr

41、itical.后来我发现那个人非常挑剔。The young man was caught smoking in the kitchen.有人撞见那个年轻人在厨房里吸烟。5.状语(adverbial)：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。The boss tried to treat all the employees equally.这位老板尽量对所有员工一视同仁。Fortunately,the children were found near the village.幸运的是，这些孩子在村子附近被找到了。6.表语(predicative)：指连系动词后面的成分，通常说明主语的身份、特征或状态。常见

42、的连系动词有be,become,feel,get,look,seem 等。The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长。It is amazing that the little child can speak four languages.这个小孩会说四种语言，真令人惊讶。7.定语(attributive)：修饰名词或代词。There are various goods in this supermarket.这个超市里有各种各样的货物。The girl is eager for an opportunity to join the chib

43、.这个女孩渴望有机会加入这个俱乐部。二、句子结构常见的句子结构(sentence structures)有以下八种：1.主谓：主语+谓语(SV)在这个结构中，谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思。后面不接宾语，但可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Our knowledge of the disease has advanced over recent years.近年来我们对这种病的了解有所进展。The last moment finally came.最后时刻终于到来了。2.主系表：主语+连系动词+表语(SVP)在这个结构中，谓语动词必须是连系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、代词、副词、

44、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词及表语从句等。His present life is really tough.他现在的生活确实艰难。The girfs favorite subject is biology.这个女孩最喜欢的科目是生物学。3.主谓宾：主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，后面必须接宾语。充当宾语的通常是名词(动名词)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)及宾语从句等。The young teacher tried to realize the students potential.这个年轻老师尽量发掘学生的潜力。My brother aimed t

45、o become a famous director.我哥哥力争成为一位著名导演。4.主谓宾宾：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO)在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后接两个宾语，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。当把直接宾语放到间接宾语之前时，间接宾语前应加适当的介词。We decided to teach him a lesson.我们决定给他一个教训。The wise manager offered me a good job.这位明智的经理给我提供了一份好的工作。5.主谓宾补：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语和宾语补足语。充当补语的可

46、以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)等。I opened the door and found him in the room.我打开门，发现他在房间里。After the accident,I found the man very responsible.在这起事故之后，我发现这个人非常负责任。When I turned around,I saw him standing there.我转过身，看见他正站在那里。6.主谓状：主语+谓语+状语(SVA)All the students are working hard now.现在所有学生学习都很努力。The trees on

47、this hill grow very well.这座山上的树生长得很好。7.主谓宾状：主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)He reminded me of that matter so often.他经常提醒我那件事情。The young man solved the problem so properly.那个年轻人非常恰当地解决了这个问题。随堂练习提示：题干中加灰底的词汇是本课时或前面课时中的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。一.写出下列句子中画线部分在句中的成分1.Our English teacher is kind and friendly.2.The middle-aged

48、man sees his doctor regularly.3.I was not satisfied with his attitude towards his work.4.Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.5.They are looking for the person responsible for the program.6.The independent boy was popular with the teachers.7.I found most of my classmates and te

49、achers friendly and helpful.【答案】1.表语2.状语3.谓语4.宾语5.定语6.主语7.宾补二.阅读下面这篇短文，写出画线句子的句子结构How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time?For TomJ.thal dream has cometrue!This term 2Tom and his classmates are living on a ship!They take the same subjects as you do,like mathsand Engli

50、sh.3.They also learn about the ships and the sea.4.Tom writes his parents an email every week and tellsthem what happened on the ship.Tom loves living on the ship.And after a long day of study,he likes to watch thesun go down and wait for the stars to come out.5.Studying and doing homework seem much