四年级一般疑问句和特殊疑问句.pdf

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1、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句【一般疑问句】一、什么是一般疑问句？答：能 用yes/no（或相当于yes/no）回答的问句叫一般疑问句。如何将陈述句变为一般疑问句1、第一家族：含be动词或情态动词的句子秘 诀：一调二改三问号一 调：即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前；二 改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语Imy minesweourours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称 youyour yours 等；三 问 号：句末的句号改为问号。如：.I am an English teacher.Are you an English teacher?.We can speak English fluently.

2、Can you speak English fluently?2、第二家族：含 行 为 动 词（或称为实义动词）的句子秘 诀：一加二改三问号一 加：即在句首加助动词Do或Does；二 改：1、把谓语动词改为原形；2、改换主语称谓（同第一家组）；三 问 号：句末的句号改为问号。.We read English every morning.Do you read English every morning?.Tom s father listens to English on the radio every evening.Does Tom s father listen to English o

3、n the radio every evening?特 别 注 意：对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原，因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。3、加强记忆口诀：“肯变一，并不难，can或 be提在前；谓语若为行为动，do或 does句首用。六、“some还 是 any?在一般疑问句中，要 表 达“一些”时，一般用a n y,但如果这个问句是用来表达“建议、请求、邀请”等交际功能时，应该some.Is there any tea in the cup?.Do you have any children?.May I have some fish?Would you like some tea?S

4、hall we buy some vegetables?Can I borrow some money from you?Why not have some bread?How about some orange juice?练练吧一、改为一般疑问句1.1 can skate well.skate well?2.Kate does morning exercises every day.Kate morning exercises every day?3.The exam begins at nine.the exam at nine?4.Ann returned the book to th

5、e library yesterday.Ann the book to the library yesterday?5.Theres something to eat in the cupboard,there to eat in the cupboard?6.Mary likes scuba diving very m u c h.Ma r y scuba diving very much?二、用 is,are,am,do,did,does,can填空,然后变成一般疑问句1.His father an English teacher.2.These children crying.3.The

6、y swim.4.y ou like reading English?Yes,I like reading English.5.How you go to school?I go to school on foot.6.What he like?He likes English.7.h is father go to work by bus?No,his father rides a bike to work.8.your father read newspaper last night?No,he read a story book.9.1 a teacher.一般疑问句10.He a do

7、ctor.一般疑问句1 l.You good workers.一般疑问句12.（它是）an apple.一般疑问句13.They workers.一般疑问句14.1 three books.一般疑问句He many trees.一般疑问句I can speak English.一般疑问句They can swim.一般疑问句Shall he call you tonight?陈述句I need finish my work.一般疑问句【特殊疑问句】特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头，询问的内容不同，使用的疑问词也不同。我们学过的疑问词有特殊疑问词有：what（什么）what colour（什

8、么颜色）what time（几点）what day（星期几）how（怎样）how old（多大、几岁）how many（多少）who（谁）how much（多少钱）when（什么时候）whose（谁的）where（在哪里）why（为什么）which（哪一个）what（询问事物），how much（询问价格），what time（询问时间，尤其是点钟），what kind of（询问种类），why（询问原因），who（询问人），where（询问地点）等等。如：特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子。常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where h

9、ow why 等。可先分为3 种：疑问代词：what,who,which,whose,whom疑问副词：when,where,why,how疑问形容词：what（which,whose）+名词特殊疑问句有两种语序1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑 问 词（+主语）+谓语动词+其他成分。如:Who is singing in the room?whose bike is broken?2.如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:What class are you in?What does she look li

10、ke?Where are you from?What time does he get up every morning?注 意：回答特殊疑问句时，不能用y e s/n o,即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：Who is from Canada?Helen（is）.Wheres the restaurant?Near the station.Why do you like koalas?Because they are cute.特殊疑问句练习题一、选择正确的单词填空（who,where,when）1.is that pretty girl?She is my sister.2.are Ja

11、ck and Tom?They are behind you.3.do you go to school?I go to school from Monday to Friday.4.has a beautiful flower?John has a beautiful flower.5.are they?They are my parents.6.is my mother?She is in the living room.7.are you going?We are going to the bakery（面包坊）.8.do Jim and Wendy play ball?They pla

12、y ball in the afternoon.9.does he jog?He jogs in the park.10.are you from?Im from Changchun city.二、就画线部分提问l.He is my father.2.They are under the tree.3.1 often watch TV after dinner.（晚饭后）4.Lily swims in the swimming pool.（游泳池）5.Superman flies in the sky.6.1 often brush my teeth ie the evening.7.Alan

13、 likes to play with Bill.8.Joes father plays badminton（羽毛球）every weekend.9.The supermarket is near the school.lO.The laptop（笔记本电脑）is on the table.用 what time,what color,what day,what 填空。1.A:is it?B:It is nine o clock.2.A:does your mother get up?B:My mother gets up at 6:30.3.A:do you go to bed?B:I go

14、 to bed at 10:00.4.A:do Diana and Fiona have supper?B:Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.5.A:is it?B:It is purple.6.A:is the sky?B:The sky is blue.7.A:is your coat?B:My coat is black.8.A:is the dog?B:The dog is white.9.A:is today?B:Today is Monday.10.A:is tomorrow?B:Tomorrow is Tuesday.11.A:was ye

15、sterday（昨天）？B:Yesterday was Sunday.12.A:do you like?B:I like red.四.选择合适的答句1.Whats on the chair?2.How is your father?3.What are these?4.What is in the bag?5.How do you go to school?6.How much is it?7.What time is it?8.When do you wash your face?A There is a book in the bag.B These are apples.C I go t

16、o school by bus.D The radio is on the chair.E My father is fine.FI wash my face in the morningG I have two hands.H It is four o*clock.9.How many hands do you have?I It is 5 RMB（人民币）.10.When do you have lunch?J I have lunch at noon.4A英语易错题卷（1）I.填空：1.(Ben)bicycle is new.He l i k e s(r i d e)计.2.What y

17、our f a t h e r(d o)?Hes a(f i r e).3.I am a student Class One.4.He is from A me r i c a.(h e)name is Sam Smith.We can cal l(he)Sam.5.How ma n y(p e o p l e)are there in your family?6.Wh a t(t o be)your mother?She is a(wai t er).7.My s i s t e r(h a v e)got an umbrella.8.Cindy cant dr i nk(and)eat o

18、n the bus.9.Sal l y(l i k e)to play the piano.10.Has Mary got(s ome)green plates?11.He r e(b e)some chocolate milk.12.Hi s(s i s t e r)like to drink coffee.13.My(mot her)car is fast and super.II.按要求写单词1 .foot(复数)2.we(宾格)3.children(单数)4.bicycle(同义词)5.there(反义词)6.there(同音词)7.they(所有格)8.people(单数)III.句

19、型练习:1.What is your brother?(同义句)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _2.His grandma is a doctor.(提问)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _3.His name is Danny.(提问)his name?4.This is Johns bicycle.(提问)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

20、 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _5.Have her uncles got new houses?(肯定句)IV、把下列句子写完整，每格一词。1)What she got?Shes got s o me.(果汁)2)Where the ducks?in the pond.3)How many s t a r s?a r e six stars.4)What do you like?I like.5)How old _Tom?He s.(18)疑 问 句(questions)指提出问题，请对方回答的句子。疑问句句末要用问号。按结构可分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反

21、意疑问句。(1)一般疑问句1、一般疑问句概述一般疑问句(general questions),也可称为“yes/no questions(是否型问句)，因为它一般是由yes或no回答的，如：一Can you swim to the other side?你能游到对岸吗？Yes,I can.是的，我能。No,I cant.不，我不能。一Have you locked the door?你锁门了吗？一Yes,1 have.是的，锁了。N o.【havent.不，没有锁。2一般疑问句的结构(1)基本的结构为：be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)，句子要读升调，如：Are they yo

22、ur friends?他们是你的朋友吗？Does he go to school on foot?他是步行去上学吗？Will you be free tonight?你今晚有空吗？Can you play basketball?你会打篮球吗？(2)陈述句亦可用作一般疑问句，多用在非正式文体中，句末有问号，用升调，如：Somebody is with you?有人和你一起吗？He didnt finish the work?他没有做完活吗？You are fresh from America,I suppose?我猜，你刚从美国回来吧？3、一般疑问句的答语(1)一般疑问句一般由yes或no来回答

23、，如：一Are you tired?你累 了吗？Yes,1am.是的,累了。No,Im not.不，不累。Does she do the cleaning?她扫除了吗？Yes,she does.是的，她打扫了。一No,shedoesnt不，她没打扫。(2)回答一般疑问句除了用 yes 或 no 外，也可用 certainly,probably,perhaps,of course,all right,withpleasure 等代替 y e s,用 never,not at all 等代替 n o,如：Can you help me?你能帮个忙吗？一 Certainly.当然。Could you

24、 please make less noise?你可以小声一点吗？一All right,sir.好的，先生。Have you been there?你到过那里吗？一 Never.从来没有。4、一般疑问句的否定式(1)一般疑问句的否定式，一般结构为系动词/助动词/情态动词+not+主语；也可为系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+nol,如：Do you not/Dont you believe me?你不相信我？Believe me?你不相信我？Is it not/Isnt it a lovely day?天气难道不好吗?Are you not/Arent you coming?你不来吗？Will

25、you not/Wont you sit down?你不坐会儿吗？Is he not/Isnt he a doctor?他不是医生吗?Does Helen not/Doesnt Helen like chocolate?海伦不喜欢巧克力吗？Will he not/Wont he go with you?他不和你一块儿去吗？(2)否定疑问句并不单纯表示提问，它常常带有感情色彩。否定疑问句的完全式比简略式所表达的语气更强烈些。1)否定疑问句常常带有惊异、赞叹或责难等语气，如：Havent you read the newspaper?你没读过这份报纸呀？Wont he come?他不来了?2)否定

26、疑问句有时暗示提问者期待着肯定的回答，如：Shouldnt wc start now?我们现在是不是该动身了？Wasnt it an interesting film?那部电影是不是很有趣？3）否定疑问句有时用来表示邀请或建议,如：Wouldnt you like to go with me?你不想和我一块儿去吗？Wont you have a cup of coffee?你不喝杯咖啡吗？（3）否定的一般疑问句的答语中，yes的含义为“不”，no的含义为“是”，但在回答这类句子时，应该注意yes后接肯定结构，no后接否定结构，这和汉语习惯不同，如：一Are you not Mr Smith?你

27、不是史密斯先生吗？Yes,I am.不，我是。一No,I am not.是的，我不是。一Havent you read this book before?你从前没有读过这本书吗？Yes,1 have.不，我读过。一N o,【havent.是的,我没有。Dont you play chess?你不下棋吗？Yes,Ido.不，我下棋。No,I dont.是的，我不下棋。教你一招：在这样的答语中，只要根据实际情况来判断，如果事实上是，就要用yes;如果事实上不是，就要用no（二）特殊疑问句1、特殊疑问句概述特殊疑问句(special questions),也可称为“wh”-questions,因为它

28、们多数都以who,where,when,which,whose,why这类词开头，如：Who is it on the phone?谁来的电话?How many oranges can you see in the picture?你能在图画上看到多少个橘子？Where did you last see it?你最后一次看到这东西时是在什么地方呢？What did you eat yesterday?你昨天吃了些什么？How do you usually go to school?你通常是怎么去学校的呢？2、特殊疑问句的构成及用法(1)它的结构一般为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+b

29、e/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他)，如：What can be done about it?对此能做些什么呢？Which arc yours?哪些是你的？Who would like to come for a game of football?谁愿意来踢场足球呀？What did you say?你说什么？Why didnt you tell me?你为什么没有告诉我？(2)特殊疑问句有时可有一个以上的疑问词，如：Which present did you give to whom?你把哪件礼物给了人啦？When and where did you meet?你们何时在何地相遇

30、的？(3)特殊疑问句有时须以介词开首，如：By whom is the book written?此书是谁写的？Since when have you lived here?你从什么时候起住在这里的？(4)疑问词作主语或主语的定语时，与陈述句的语序相同，如：Who is in the room?谁在房间里?(5)“why+一般疑问句否定式”这种结构一般表示劲告、建议、责备等，而不能归为特殊问句，如：Why dont you come earlier?你为什么不早些来呢？Why not go skiing?为何不去滑雪呢？3、特殊疑问词特殊疑问词可分为两类：疑问代词和疑问副词(1)疑问代词疑问代

31、词主要有五个，分别 为：who,whom,which,what,whose,它们没有性和数的变化，除了 who外也没有格的变化。疑问代词意义作用例句who谁作主语,用来指人Who is the girl under the tree?Who is not here?Whom谁作宾语，用来指人Whom are you writing to?Whom do you want to see?Whose谁的用来指所属关系，如果作定语，一般后接名词Whose pen is this?Whose are those shoes?Which哪个，哪些用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which girls

32、 will be in the sports meeting?Which hat is lilys?WhatWhat通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in the picture?What is in the teachers room?(2)疑问副词疑问副词包括when,where,why,how及how与其他副词和形容词组成的疑问词。疑问副词意义用法例句when何时询问时间When will she return?Where何询地问地点Where do you come from?Why为什么询问原因Why are you late for

33、school?How如何询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school?How old多大询问年龄How old is Jims little brother?How much/many多少询问数量How many friends do you have?How far多远询问距离How far is it from your home to school?How long多长、多久询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing?How often多长时间一次询问频率How often do you go t

34、o see your grandparents?How soon多久询问时间How soon will you come back?4、特殊疑问句的答语特殊疑问句的答语的重点是对疑问词的回答非所问，因此，不再需要用yes或no。在回答时，可以用一个词或词组，也可以用一个较为完整的句子。问句简略答语整句答语Who has borrowed my bike?谁借了我的自行车？Jack.杰克。Jack has borrowed your bike.When did he borrow my bike?他什么时候借了我的自行车?This morning.今天早晨。He borrowed your bi

35、ke this morning.Where is he?他现在在何处？At the office.在办公室。He is at the office.What is he doing there?他在那儿干什么呢？Working.工作He is working.Whose bike is this?这辆自行车是谁的？Mr.Smitlfs.史密斯先生的。Its Mr.Smiths bike.(三)选择疑问句1、选择疑问句概述选择疑问句(alternative questions)一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供选择的两部分由or连接，前者用

36、升调，后者用降调，如：Will you go there by bus or by train?你准备乘汽车，还是乘火车去那儿？What would you like,coffee or tea?你想要什么，咖啡还是茶？How many pens do you have,one or two?你有几枝钢笔，一枝还是两枝？2、一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句Is it right or wrong?是对还是错?Were you or he there?是你还是他在那儿？Are they reading,chatting or watching television?他们是在看书、聊天，还是在看电视？

37、Do you want to go there by land or by air?你将乘车还是乘飞机去那儿？3、特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句Which do you like belter,coffee or milk?你更喜欢喝什么，咖啡还是牛奶？What colour is it,red,blue or yellow?它是什么颜色，红的，蓝的，还是黄的？Where are you going,to the classroom or to the library?你要去哪儿，教室还是图书馆？How shall we go,by sea or by land?我们怎么去，走水路还是陆路？4、

38、or not构成的选择疑问句Do you want to buy it or not?你是想买它还是不想买？Are you ready or not?你准备好了还是没有准备好？5、选择疑问句的答非所问语选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式，不能用yes或n o,如：Do you go to work by bus or by bike?你乘公交车还是骑自行车去上班？By bus.乘公交车。Which would you like,tea or coffee?你要茶还是咖啡？一C offee.咖啡6、or连接的选择疑问句并列部分可以是多种句子成分(1)表语，如：Are you an Eng

39、lishman or an American?你是英国人还是美国人？Im from England.我是英国人。(2)状 语,如：Is the delegation arriving today or tomorrow?代表团今天到还是明天到？Today,1 think.我想是今天到。(3)宾语，如：一Would you like coffee or tea?你要咖啡还是茶？Tea,please.请给我茶。(4)谓语，如：一Shall we watch TV or go to the concert?我们是看电视还是去听音乐会？一Id prefer to go to the concert.我

40、宁愿去听音乐会。(5)分 句,如：Shall I come to pick you up or shall we meet at the airport?我来接你还是咱们去机场碰头？As you please.随便。(四)反意疑问句1、反意疑问句的构成反意疑问句(disjunctivequestions)是一种常用于口语的疑问 句.这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的一简短问句(称为question ta g),中间用逗号隔开，因此，反意疑问句又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加问句用否定句式；如果陈述句是否定式，附加问句用肯定句式。附加问句一般为“be动词(助动词、

41、情态动词)+代词”构成，如：They didnt clean the classroom yesterday,did they?他们昨天没有扫扫教室，是吗？Youre coming,arent you?你会来的，不是吗？John doesnt like tea,does he?约翰不喜欢茶，是吗？She cant swim,can she?她不会游泳,对吗？This is your car,isnt it?这是你的车，对吧？You dont like rock music,do you?你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧？2、反意疑问句需注意的问题(1)附加问句中的主语要用代词，如果陈述句的主语是代词，用相

42、应的代词即可，如果陈述句的主语是名词，用相应的代词指代该名词，如：He is your teacher,isnt he?他是你的老师，是吧？Li lei gets up at six in the morning,doesnt he?李雷每天早上6点钟起床，是吗？(2)如果陈述句中有系动词或情态动词或助动词，附加疑问句中用与它相应的肯定或否定形式即可；如果没有，就要根据陈述句的时态选择适当的助动词，如：Tom has finished his homework,hasn,t he?汤姆己经完成了他的家庭作业，是吗？She went to Shanghai yesterday,didnt she

43、?她昨天去上海了，是吗？(3)有些句子包含表示否定意义语，也算否定句，如：Theres little water in the bottle,is there?瓶子里没有水了，是吗？(4)在个别情况下，前后两部分可以都是肯定或都是否定。这时有特殊的涵义，如：You sold that lovely bracelet,did you?(=Im sorry you did.)你把那只漂亮手镯卖了，是吗？(真遗憾。)3、反意疑问句的语调(1)通常陈述句部分用降调，附加问句用升调，如：He cant swim,can he?他不会游泳，是吗?Lily likes sports,doesnt she?丽

44、莉喜欢运动，是吗？(2)对自己的看法比较肯定而又希望听者同意这种看法时，前后都用降调：You dont like rock music,do you?期望回答：No,I dont.You like rock music,dont you?期望回答：Yes,I do.4、反意疑问句的答语(1)反意疑问句的答语一般由yes或 no引导的简略答语来回答，但是要注意时态及代词的呼应，如：She is your teacher,isnt she?她是你的老师，是吧？Yes,she is.是的，她是。No,she isnt.不，她不是。Li lei gets up at six in the mornin

45、g,doesnt he?李雷每天早上6 点钟起床，是吗？Yes,he is.是的，他是。一No,he isnt.不，他不是。(2)在前否定后肯定的句子中，yes含义为“不”，no含义为“是 二 如：She cant swim,can she?她不会游泳，对吗？Yes,she can.不，她会。No,shccarft.是的，她不会。She isnt your teacher,is she?她不是你的老师，对吧？Yes,she is.不，她是。No,she isnt.是的,她不是。5、一些特殊句式的反意疑问句(1)陈述句是1am.结构,反意问句用arerftl或 a m n o tl,如：Im r

46、ight,arent I?我是正确的,对吗?I,m late,am not I?我迟到 了，是吗？(2)陈述句的主语是不定代词时，如果是表示物的everything,anything,something,nothing时,反意问句的主语i t,谓语动词用单数，如果是表示人的everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one时，反意问句的主语可用they,也可用h e,谓语动词用相应的单、复数，如：Nothing is serious,is it?没什么严重的，是吗？No one was hurt,were they?

47、没有人受伤，是吗？Everybody knows what I said,dont they?每个人都懂了我所说的，是吗？Everyone knows his job,doesnt he?每个人都了解他的工作，是吗？(3)如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that时，疑问句的主语用i t,谓语单数；如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these,those,则疑问句的主语用they,谓语用复数,如:This is very important,isnt it?这是非常重要的，是吗？Those are cups,aren*t they?这些是茶杯，是吗？(4)如果陈述部分以不定代词one作主语，附加

48、疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合用you,如：One cant be too careful,can onc(you)?最认真不过如此了,是吗？(5)陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式或动名词时，疑问部分的主语用i t,谓语用单数，如：What you said is wrong,isnt it?你说的错了，不是吗？To learn English well isnt easy,is it?学好英语不容易，是吗？Practising speaking English every morning will do you good,wont it?每天早上练习说英语对你有好处，不是吗？(6

49、)陈述句中的谓语动词是there b e,后边的疑问部分也用there be形式，如：There is an apple on the table,isnt there?桌子上有只苹果，是吗？Therere some trees on the island,arent there?小岛上有一些树，是吗？(7)陈述句谓语动词是w ish,表示征求意见时，反意问句用m ay.如：I wish to have another piece of cake,may I?我想再要一块蛋糕，可以吗？I wish to go home now,may I?我想现在就回家，可以吗？(8)陈述句句中有 hardl

50、y,seldom,rarely,no,nothing,never,little,few,nobody,nowhere,barely,neither,tooto等表示否定意义的词时，反意问句用肯定式，如：You will never forget it,will you?你永远不会忘记这件事，是吗？There is nothing on the table,is there?桌子上什么也没有，是吗？She has few friends,does she?她几乎没有朋友，是吗？(9)如果陈述句中的否定式仅带有否定词缀(前缀或后缀)，则将其看成肯定句，反意问句一般仍用否定式，如:He is unf