机械原理课程设计—压片成型机.doc

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1、*课 程 设 计 课程设计名称：压片成形机 学生姓名 ：* 学 院 ： * 专业及班级： * 学 号： * 指导老师 ：* 2010年 12 月 31 日目 录一、摘要 1二、工艺流程 2三、功能分析 4四、机构设计分析 4五、方案图 6 （1）方案16 （2）方案27 （3）方案38六、凸轮设计9 (1)料筛凸轮设计9 （1）下冲头凸轮10七、方案比较分析和优选11八、方案尺寸计算11九、设计心得13摘 要一 设计原理及任务：干粉压片机的功用是将不加粘结剂的干粉料（如陶瓷干粉、药粉）定量送入压形位置，压制成h 圆型片坯，经压制成形后脱离该位置。机器的整个工作过程（送料、压形、脱离）均自动完成

2、。该机器可以压制陶瓷圆形片坯、药剂（片）等。 (1）精压成形制品生产率为每分钟15 件； (3) 被压工件的外形是直径为60mm，厚度为5mm 的圆形片坯。二设计要求:（1） 压片成形机一般至少包括连杆机构、凸轮机构、齿轮机构在内的三种机构。（2） 画出机器在运动方案简图与运动循环图。拟定运动循环图时，执行构件的运动起止位置可根据具体重叠安排，但必须满足工艺上各个运动的配合，在时间和空间上不能出现干涉。（3） 设计凸轮机构，自行确定运动规律，选择基圆半径，校核最大压力角和最小曲率半径，计算凸轮廓线。（4） 设计计算齿轮机构。（5） 对连杆机构进行运动设计，并进行连杆机构的运动分析，绘出运动图。

3、如果采用连杆机构作为下冲压机构，还应该进行连杆机构的动态静力分析，计算飞轮转动惯量。（6） 编写设计计算说明书。（7） 学生可进一步完成机器的计算演示验证、凸轮的数控加工的等。关键字：压片成型机、凸轮、齿轮、连杆三 工艺流程如下图所示，压片成型机的工艺动作是（1） 干粉料均匀筛入圆形型腔（图8.2a）。（2） 下冲头下沉3mm，预防上冲头进入型腔时粉料扑出（图8.2b）。（3） 上、下冲头同时加压（图8.2c），并保持一段时间。（4） 上冲头退出，下冲头随后顶出压好的片坯（图8.2d）（5） 料筛推出片坯（图8.2a） 上冲头、下冲头、送料筛的设计要求如下：（2）下冲头先下沉3mm，然后上升8

4、mm，加压后停歇保压，继而上升16mm，将成形片坯顶到与台面平齐后停歇，待料筛江片坯推离冲头后，再下移21mm，到待料位置，如图8.3b所示。（3）料筛在模具型腔上方往复震动筛料，然后向左退回。待批料成形并被推出型腔后，料筛在台面上右移45 50mm，推卸片坯，如图8.3c所示。上冲头、下冲头与送料筛的动作关系见下表 动作关系表上冲头进退送料筛退近休进远休下冲头退近休进远休四 功能分析1）根据分析可得到：为了达到高效、方便的目的，采用机械自动加工的方法比较好，因此，本题采用了自动加工的方法压制片坯。2)各个部分功能分解(1)送料机构：为间歇直线运动,这一动作可以通过凸轮上升段完成(2)筛料：要

5、求筛子往复震动(3)推出片坯：下冲头上升推出成型的片坯(4)送成品：通过凸轮推动筛子来将成型的片坯挤到滑道（5）上冲头往复直线运动，最好实行快速返回等特性。（6）下冲头间歇直线运动五 机构设计分析 1）上冲头加压机构设计压片机机构有三个分支：一为实现上冲头运动的主加压机构；二为实现下冲头运动的辅助加压机构；三是实现料筛运动的上、下料机构。此外，当各机构按运动循环图确定的相位关系安装以后，应能作适当的调整，故在机构之间还需设置能调整相位的环节 (也可能是机构)。要完成上述几种机构的设计，对课程设计来说，工作量太大，因此，这里也只就其中的一个机构主加压机构叙述其设计过程。实现上、下冲头、料筛运动的

6、机构应有下述几种基本运动功能：（1） 上冲头要完成每分钟15次往复移动运动，所以机构的主动构件转速应为15 r/min，若以电动机作为原动力，则主加压机构应有运动缩小的功能；（2） 因上、下冲头、料筛是往复运动，故机构要有运动交替的功能；（3） 原动机的输出运动是转动，上、下冲头、料筛是直移运动，所以机构要有运动转换的功能；（4）因有保压阶段，所以机构上冲头在下移行程末端、下冲头在上移行程末端有较长的停歇或近似停歇的功能；（5）因冲头压力较大，所以希望机构具有增力的功能，以增大有效作用力，减小原动机的功率。实现这五种要求的每一项几乎都有可以用连杆机构、凸轮机构、齿轮机构等机构中的一样或者组合起

7、来后实现，这样就有许多的方案，在这许多方案中，有些机构，如曲柄滑块机构，就兼有运动转换和交替换向的功能，可以替代凸轮和齿轮的组合，这样的组合就显得繁琐而不合理，因而可以直观进行判断，从而舍弃一些方案。六 方案的比较分析和优选方案一：采用齿轮和皮带轮传动，传动效率高，皮带能实现较远的传递，且应用广泛，价格便宜，有很好的经济、应用性。 方案二：采用皮带轮、齿轮、蜗杆涡轮传动，蜗杆传动效率低，质量中，价格昂贵，这样就导致整个系统的效率低，并且上冲头的齿轮连杆组合机构不能精确的实现上冲头的轨迹运动 方案三：整个系统均是运用齿轮传动，尽管整个系统效率比较高，传动稳定，但是也会导致整个系统的能量不能够较远

8、的传递，这样的系统就必须要求有中间齿轮作为过度作用，这样的后果就会使系统中的齿轮较多，系统比较沉重，而且总价格很昂贵，使用起来很不方便，不具有经济性和实用性 所以综合以上三种方案的分析与评价，可以得出，方案一在这三种方案中有显著的优点，其余方案虽也可达到所要求的机构功能，但均不如前述几个方案的结构简洁，而且经济实用性均没有以上三种方案好，所以最后选择的方案是方案一。七 方案的尺寸计算 在计算尺寸之前，必须作出先作出机构的运动循环图，根据机构的运动循环图来计算各个构件的尺寸(为的方便计算取整值)。因为选定的电动机的转速为n=970r/min，每分钟生产15件产品，根据公式可得出他的转速比 ：I=

9、970/15=64.7=64 为了使计算简便，下面数据均采用标准值=20 m=2 齿轮减速比I=16取=17,则=272 =2*17=34mm,=272*2=544mm 皮带减速比I=4取=100mm,则=400mm= 设计心得 刚开始准备接触机械课程设计的时候，很想自己设计一个创新作品，然而，在自己想了几天后感觉很多东西都不能够设计出来，遇到了不少瓶颈，所以在无奈之下转而设计压片成型机。在设计压片成型机的过程中，先后应用到了连杆机构知识、齿轮机构知识、凸轮机构知识等等，这一次的课程设计比较全面的将自己在机械原理这门课程所学到的东西，其实设计的过程也是一个很好的复习过程。 在这次设计中，遇到了

10、不少的设计瓶颈，例如上冲头的停歇与匀速直线运动，耗费了我不少时间去想设计的方案，然而，到最后还是无疾而终，根本就难以设计出完全符合上冲头运动轨迹的连杆机构，在万般无奈之下借鉴参考书籍上的知识设计了一个不太成熟的方案，大体能够实现上冲头的运动。在计算方案的尺寸中，由于自己的能力有限，也无法精确的计算各个构件的尺寸，例如上冲头的连杆滑块机构、料筛的连杆滑块机构的连杆的尺寸就当前我所掌握的知识无法确定，所以也只得把这部分的尺寸給搁置下来了。这次的课程设计，尽管自己没能够设计出自己想象的创新机构来，这是个遗憾，但通过这次设计，我也学到了不少知识，种下了许设计的种子，为以后的设计起到一个探路的作用。参考

11、文献（1） 孙桓、陈作模主编 .机械原理.高等教育出版社 2006（2） 裘建新主编 机械原理课程设计.高等教育出版社2010 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and

12、discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline

13、, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the ne

14、cessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to

15、 grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regul

16、ations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limi

17、ted goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the

18、 General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of

19、 leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the s

20、econd is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean

21、 the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the develo

22、pment of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations

23、is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation,

24、need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two

25、party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised r

26、egulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan

27、14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission,

28、part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the gener

29、al office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organiz

30、ation of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bur

31、eau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revisio

32、n of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party

33、 characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline require

34、d specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 he

35、ld the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the reg

36、ulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline s

37、pecific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the po

38、sitive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusi

39、ng on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler.

40、Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political

41、rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of maj

42、or changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems

43、of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the p

44、rovisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all

45、 Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advoc