理工大学研究生英语考试复习指导.pdf

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1、Unit 1 Culture1.Studies serve for delight,for ornament,and forability.2.Some books are to be tasted,others to beswallowed,and some few to be chewed anddigested.3.And studies themselves do give forth directions 2.too much at large.4.Read not to contradict and confute;nor to believeand take for grante

2、d.5.There is no stand or impediment in the wit butmay be wrought out by fit studies.6.Some few to be read wholly,and with diligenceand attention.7.If he be not apt to beat over matters,and to callup one thing to prove and illustrate another,let 3.him study the lawyers cases.8.Their chief use for del

3、ight is in privateness andretiring.1.There appears so many phenomenon that defycommon sense in science study.2.Access to secret document is denied to all but few.3.The two most important ingredients in making a 4.cake are flour and sugar.4.The government gave a very comprehensiveexplanation of its p

4、lans and industrialdevelopment.5.They committed immense crimes to the country 5.and the people.6.Education is compulsory for all school-age childrenin many a country.7.While a full understanding of what causes thedisease may be several years a wav,a breakthrouqhleading to a successful treatment coul

5、d comesooner.8.Many people think that the standards of publicmorality have declined.1.9.Housewives who do not go out to work often feelthey are not working to their full capacity.10.These recommendations will need to be justifiedto the committee before they can beimplemented.2.1.Concerning the secon

6、d goal of science education-the training of future scientists and engineers,/tappears that the less structured Americanapproach to science education,which leavesbehind the vast majority,still manages toencourage and catch the scientifically talentedones.Concerning online courses,ft appears that they

7、inhibit rather than promote good education.Market forces therefore compel curricularorganization to be centered on student“customers.China,with a large population,a weak economicfoundation and unbalance development,is still thelargest developing country in the world,whichcompels its task to be cente

8、red on promotingeconomic and social development whilecontinuously improving its peoples life.This is attributed to the fact that schools in theUnited States do not require high-level scienceclasses,and teachers,instead of fosteringunderstanding of new concepts,tend to simplystate them.This is attrib

9、uted to the fact that,instead ofcreating students ability,the current educationtends to prepare students for exam.Many factors contribute to Americans scientificand economic success.Many factors contribute to the rapid progress ineducation,science and technology,culture,health,sports and other under

10、takings.American may be considered as either a land ofopportunity in which talents flourish in ways thatare difficult at home or as a sly merchant wholures the best and the brightest by paying moreand offering better laboratory facilities.The country may be considered as either a land ofopportunity

11、or as a land where opportunity doesnot exist.公益广告中的口号和形象不仅令人难忘，而且能引起广泛关注，激励人们采取行动。The slogans and characters in the public servicemessage are more than memorable-they raiseawareness,inspire individuals to take action.大学教育的最终结果应该由学生在课堂的种种表现来衡量，他们是否精于知识的运用，是否接受了扎实的基础教育，是否在某一特殊领域称职。The outcomes of coll

12、egiate education should bemeasured by the students performance inclassroom as they become proficient in the use ofknowledge,acquire a solid basic education andbecome competent in a specific field.3.美丽的校园为我们提供一个理想空间，让我们沉思找到灵感，以助我们更好地旅行。The beautiful campus provides an ideal space forcontemplation and

13、 inspiration to aid us in thatjourney.4.在知识之旅上，你们不是独行者。我们有出色的师资和员工。他们致力于求知和理解，将会在旅途中支持和鼓励你们。Youll not be expected to undertake thisintellectual journey on your own.We have anexceptional faculty and staff,dedicated to thesearch for knowledge and understanding,who willsupport and encourage you in your

14、 journey.5.人们的生活离不开自然，这是自然资源保护论者的第一原则。然而，人们不能在自然中生活而不对其加以改造。People cannot live apart from nature:that is thefirst principle of the conservationists.And yet,people cannot live in nature without change it.6.世界经济飞速发展以及经济和科技领域的激烈竞争，对教育提出了强有力的挑战。Flying development of science and technologyworldwide,as we

15、ll as intensity competition ineconomic and technological fields has addressed atough challenge to education.7.由于欧盟设定了严格标准以减少垃圾填埋并提倡包装的循环利用，包装行业目前受到了从未有过的严格监督。The packing industry now finds itself underscrutiny as never before,as tough EU targets areset to reduce landfilling and increase recycling.8.

16、中国与发达国家在科技领域存在着差距，因此必须依赖科技和教育的发展来推行可持续发展战略。There is a gap between China and advancedcountries in the area of science and technology.Soit must depend on science,technology andeducation to carry out a sustainable developmentstrategy.Unit 3 Economics1.But more significantly,it will deliver materials an

17、dmachines into space for industrial purposesunimagined two decades ago when“sputnik”wasadded to be vocabulary.2.There are occasions when giving a gift surpassesspoken communication,since the message it offerscan cut through barriers of language and culturaldiversity.3.Some educators try to put stude

18、nts of similarabilities into the same class because they believethis kind of groupine is advisable.4.It also means that governments are increasinglycompelled to interfere in these sectors in order tostep up production and ensure that it is utilized tothe best advantage.5.It is best not to dwell on y

19、our misfortunes.6.Although great natural barriers hindered east-westdevelopment in Canada,this circumstance wasmitigated by the miqhty river and lake systemsthat provided avenues for the fur trader,missionary soldier,and settler.7.The virus replicates by attaching to a call andinjecting its nucleic

20、acid once inside the cell.8.Although fats and oils are as nutritionallyimportant as energy sources,medical researchindicates that saturated fats may contribute tohardening of the arteries.9.It took 16 years for workers with pickaxes andshovels to move 5 million cubic feet of earth androck,and to pla

21、nt half a million trees and shrubs,making a tribute to nature-a romanticnineteenth-century perception of nature.10.The detective investigating the murder caseexamined the body,inspected the scene of thecrime,and scrutinized the weapon for clues.1.Just as remarkable,given its size and success,Wal-Mar

22、t looks set for yet another spurt of growthin the next few years.Just as surprising,given his small size,George wonthe race.2.In fact,Wal-Marts success has varied a great deal,depending on local conditions.In fact,class attendance has varied dramatically,depending on weather condition.3.Per head of

23、population,Oklahoma has six times asmany Wal-Marts as California.Per acre,Oregon has as many trees asWashington.4.And though it has tried to keep labour costs down,it has been good for most of its employeesbecause many are immigrants,part-timers or olderpeople who might not otherwise have found a jo

24、b.And though it has tried new techniques,it hasbeen slow to succeed.5.Eventually,one of these competitors is likely tomatch,or even to surpass Wal-Mart,just as IBM,Xerox and General Motors-once even moredominant in their industries-一 have been beatenin the past by companies that learned from them.Ev

25、entually,ice cream is likely to become morehealthy,or even to include vitamins,just as milkproducts have been enhanced.有人说这世界是男人的天下，然而，根据市场调查公司N P D的研究，大多数购物和娱乐消费都是由女人做主的。人们早就知道，家人衣着和家庭装饰大多由女人做主，但这次对美国5.1万个家庭所做的调查却表明，其他一些购买决策行为中也存在着令人惊异的性别分野。根据调查结果，在挑选电影、餐馆和电视节目的时候，男人也会听从女人的意见。此外，调查数据还表明，由女人说了算的事情还包

26、括在电影院里坐什么位置、上哪儿去买食品以及请哪些客人到家里来。实际上，男人只在选购个人电子产品、买家用轿车以及制订家庭预算等事情上有些许发言权。主持此次调查的N P D公司首席分析师马歇尔科恩说，购买行为中的性别差异对广告业、传媒业以及培训行业来说意义重大。他说：“管理品牌、推销产品或是从事广告工作的人必须密切注意消费者动态的变化。”Some say its a mans world,but women actuallymake most purchasing and entertainment decisions,according to a study by market research

27、 firm NPD.Itslong been accepted that women pick out most of theclothes for the family and decide on home furnishings,but this study of 51000 U.S.households showed somesurprising facets of purchasing decisions broken downby gender.Men defer to women when it comes tochoosing movies,restaurants and tel

28、evision shows,according to the survey.The data indicated that womenalso decide where to sit in a movie theatre,where toshop for food and which guests come to the familyhome.In fact,the only areas where men had any cloutinvolved personal electronics purchases,the family carand setting household budge

29、ts.The gender differencesin purchasing could have implications for advertising,media and education companies,said NPD chiefanalyst Marshal Cohen,who spearheaded the research.“Anyone whos managing a brand,marketing aproduct or working for an advertising agency needs tobe conscientious in the shifts i

30、n consumer dynamics”,Cohen said.Unit 5 Sport1.In the Spring Export Commodities Fair,the array offine china attracted much attention of customersfrom all over the world.2.We should make a clear distinction between thetwo scientific terms for the purpose of ourdiscussion.3.Fortune-tellers are good at

31、making ambiguousstatements such as“Your sorrows w ill change4.Diamonds have little intrinsic value and their pricedepends almost entirely on their scarcity.5.The court considers a financial penalty to be anappropriate way of punishing him.6.The magician made us think he cut the girl intopieces but i

32、t was merely an illusion.7.We are doing this work in the context of reforms inthe economic,social and cultural sphere.8.Being somewhat short-sighted,she had the habitof peering at people.9.What the correspondence sent us is an authenticnews report.We can depend on it.10.In primitive times human bein

33、gs did not travel forpleasure but to find a more favorable climate.1.We still want to belong or be accepted by ourpeers,we all still want to be loved,we still feelemotional pain,and we st/find ourselves givingin to immediate gratification when we know better.And yes,some of us still lie and cheat in

34、 ournormal day to day lives.Our human beings are one of thousands of speciesin the world.We still have the common nature ofall the others.We all still have the sense ofachievement when something is done well.Westill have the instinct to survive when a suddendanger comes,and we still behave savagely

35、whenwe are invaded.And yes,some of us still have thedesire to conquer when we lose what we want.2.We get to pretend that the game we are watchingis life,where everything is perfectly fair,everyoneplays by the rules and everything makes sense.We get to pretend that we are still in ourchildhood,where

36、everything is strange to us,everyone around us will give us somepocket-money,and everything is so simple thatwe need not to think a lot.3.A sport game is a sort of story.There is abeginning and an end.There is a protagonist(yourteam)and an antagonist(the other team).There isa scene and setting,the s

37、tadium at noon,andthere is a plot,which is the action.The history is a sort of mirror.There is goodperson and bad person.There is justice and evil.There is experience that we can learn from,andthere is warning that we can take.4.Our basic flight or flight mentality is manifested insports.We can rela

38、te,on some deeper andunconscious level,with the guy running with thefootball towards the end zone and being chased bya pack of angry men.We can understand what itfeels like to check another player in hockey andslam him into the boards.Or we can sympathizewith the NASCAR driver who gets passed by aco

39、mpetitor,but throws it into a higher gear andchases after him.Our mentally is manifested when we areappreciating a painting.We can breathe the freshair when looking at the green leaves.We can bearthe sweet voice when looking at the singing birds.Or we can smell the fragrance when looking at thecolor

40、ful flowers.5.Sports fit the bill.It gives us the illusion of realitywhere there are no consequences.It gives us theillusion of battle,war,victory and defeat,withoutthe consequences.And it gives us the illusion ofbeing a child again,even if its all temporary.Playing basketball fits the bill.It gives

41、 me theillusion of fighting,with others and with myself,without consequences.It gives me the illusion ofsuccess and failure where there are noconsequences.And it gives me the illusion offlying with the basketball in the clear sky.1.我对这部影片里的任何角色都难以认同。I found it hard to identify with any of thecharact

42、ers in the film.2.数月来他经历挫折而不断努力，终于有了收获。After months of disappointment,his perseverancewas finally rewarded.3.她把她的意思解释得清清楚楚。She made her meaning crystal clear.4像大多数的夫妻一样，他俩的婚姻波折迭起，但生活就是这样。Like most married couples they have had their upsand downs,but life is like that.5.经过寒冷的冬天，大家都渴望天气有所好转。Everyone i

43、s yearning for the weather to change,after this code winter.6.这个广告是针对儿童设计的。This advertisement is calculated to appeal tochildren.7.这种骚扰仅仅是人们不满的一种表露而已。This riot is only one manifestation of peoplesdiscontent.8.原始人用尖石块和兽骨为自己制作原始的工具。Primitive man made himself primitive tools fromsharp stones and animal

44、 bones.Unit 7 Automobile Engineering1.Prejudicing vital foreign policy considerations inorder to rescue individuals finds its domesticequivalent in the inflated awards paid to accidentand malpractice victims.2.Combustion within the populace slowly built up tothe point of revolution.3.I told the judg

45、e that I could not perceive anydifference between the two coins.4.The aero plane was a bit bumpy at times and oneor two were sick.5.They criticized Martin Luther King for his rigidstance on non-violence.6.The tutor told his students to prunu an article of itssuperfluities.7.Sir Alexander Fleming stu

46、mbles on his greatdiscovery of penicillin quite by accident.8.She won by default,because her opponentrefused to play.9.I always replenish my food supply before it isdeplete.10.With success and prosperity,John was finally ableto fla u n t1.Who decided that driving a car was a right?Whodecided it was

47、reasonable for ordinary people todrive?Who decided soul control your mind?Whodecided mind control your heart?Who decidedheart control your steps?Who decided stepsfollow the path?2.Like all addicts we see we have a need for ouraddiction and we are blind to all reason.The new president said we had a n

48、eed for cleaningup and we were blind to all complaints.3.The point is not to travel,but to be seen to travel,not to travel fast but to be seen to have theoption.The intent of catching ringers in exams is not tocatch everyone but to catch enough to spread theword;not to punish them but to educate the

49、m.4.I do not believe that freedom is a virtue in and ofitself.The process is an act of worship in and of Itself.5.Life is a hereditary disease with a 100%fatalprognosis but that does not mean we should nottake reasonable strides to avoid death when wecan.I cherish our friendship much but that does n

50、otmean I can sacrifice my dignity for it.Historically,Jeeps reputation as a go-一anywhere vehicle dates back to the Second World Warwhen the original Jeeps,supplied by the Willyscompany,carried allied forces through the Pacific andEurope.The Macquarie dictionary of Motoring says thename Jeep stemmed