高中英语（10）教师用书：Unit 5 阶段质量检测 B卷 能力素养提升.pdf

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1、-1-B B 卷卷能力素养提升能力素养提升【说明】【说明】本试卷满分本试卷满分 120120 分，分，考试时间考试时间 100100 分钟分钟.阅读理解阅读理解(共共 1515 小题；小题；每小题每小题 2 2 分，分，满分满分 3030 分分)A A OverOver thethe years,years,thethe recommendationsrecommendations ofof mymy friendfriend PhilipPhilip havehave ledled meme toto workwork withwith threethree ofof mymy favori

2、tefavorite clientsclients (客户客户).).I I amam certaincertain thatthat mymy relationshipsrelationships withwith thesethese threethree clientsclients havehave helpedhelped meme meetmeet manymany otherother wonderfulwonderful people.people.NeedlessNeedless toto say,say,I I oweowe PhilipPhilip a a lot.lot

3、.WithoutWithout him,him,thesethese relationshipsrelationships wouldnwouldnt t havehave happened.happened.PhilipPhilip isis bright,bright,friendly,friendly,andand inspiring.inspiring.SometimesSometimes hishis ideasideas paypay offoff inin a a hugehuge way.way.HeHe isis veryvery successful.successful.

4、ButBut thisthis brilliant,brilliant,creative,creative,friendlyfriendly manman hashas a a bitbit ofof difficultydifficulty whenwhen itit comescomes toto smallsmall mitments.TheseThese littlelittle behaviorsbehaviors areare annoyingannoying thingsthings lastminutelastminute cancellations,cancellations

5、,missedmissed phonephone calls,calls,andand thethe like.like.WhileWhile theythey dodo troubletrouble mymy lifelife a a littlelittle bit,bit,itits s nothingnothing reallyreally majormajor thatthat wouldwould makemake meme backback outout ofof thethe relationship.relationship.PhilipPhilip alwaysalways

6、 apologizesapologizes forfor thesethese minorminor defectsdefects.I I alwaysalways acceptaccept hishis apology.apology.WhenWhen I I taketake allall thethe goodgood thingsthings andand weighweigh themthem againstagainst thethe timestimes hehes s letlet meme down,down,hehe isis soso farfar aheadahead

7、thatthat hehe getsgets a a “lifetime“lifetime pass”.pass”.And,And,I I telltell himhim so.so.WhenWhen I I do,do,hehe feelsfeels goodgood andand I I feelfeel betterbetter forfor forgivingforgiving him.him.ToTo thisthis day,day,wewe areare friends.friends.I I amam hishis friendfriend becausebecause whe

8、nwhen I I considerconsider someonesomeones s actions,actions,I I askask myself,myself,“Am“Am I I betterbetter offoff oror worseworse offoff becausebecause ofof havinghaving thisthis personperson inin mymy lifelife？”WithWith Philip,Philip,thethe answeranswer hashas alwaysalways been,been,andand willw

9、ill alwaysalways be,be,inin hishis favor.favor.PhilipPhilip hashas beenbeen suchsuch a a goodgood friendfriend andand havinghaving himhim inin mymy lifelife hashas beenbeen suchsuch a a goodgood thingthing thatthat I I amam grateful.grateful.ThisThis willwill alwaysalways overrideoverride (忽 略忽 略)an

10、yany ofof hishis “negative”“negative”behaviors.behaviors.ThatThats s a a lifetimelifetime pass.pass.HowHow manymany peoplepeople dodo youyou havehave inin youryour lifelife toto whomwhom youyou havehave givengiven a a lifetimelifetime pass?pass?IsIs thethe numbernumber highhigh oror lowlow inin your

11、your opinion?opinion?MostMost peoplepeople wantwant a a higherhigher number.number.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我我”的朋友的朋友 PhilipPhilip 的优缺点以及他在的优缺点以及他在“我我”的的生活中所起的作用。生活中所起的作用。1 1WhyWhy doesdoes thethe writerwriter oweowe PhilipPhilip a a lot?lot?A ABecauseBecause PhilipPhilip hashas nevern

12、ever troubledtroubled himhim asas a a goodgood friend.friend.B BBecauseBecause PhilipPhilip hashas solvedsolved manymany ofof hishis annoyingannoying problems.problems.C CBecauseBecause PhilipPhilip hashas helpedhelped himhim meetmeet manymany wonderfulwonderful people.people.D DBecauseBecause Phili

13、pPhilip hashas offeredoffered himhim manymany goodgood ideasideas thatthat workwork well.well.-2-解 析：解 析：选选 C C 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 第 一、二 句细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 第 一、二 句“Over“Over thethe years,years,thethe recommendationsrecommendations .meetmeet manymany otherother wonderfulwonderful people.”people.”可

14、知，可知，因为因为 PhilipPhilip，“我我”遇到遇到了许多极棒的人。了许多极棒的人。故答案选故答案选 C C。2 2WhichWhich ofof thethe followingfollowing cancan bestbest describedescribe Philip?Philip?A AEveryEvery dogdog hashas itsits day.day.B BAllAll thatthat glittersglitters isis notnot gold.gold.C CThereThere areare spotsspots eveneven onon t

15、hethe sun.sun.D DA A friendfriend inin needneed isis a a friendfriend indeed.indeed.解析解析：选选 C C推理判断题。推理判断题。A A 项意为项意为“凡人都有得意日凡人都有得意日”；B B 项意为项意为“闪光的不都是金子闪光的不都是金子”；C C 项意为项意为“人无完人人无完人”；D D 项意为项意为“患难之交才是真朋友患难之交才是真朋友”。根据第二段中的。根据第二段中的“Philip“Philip isis brightbright .missedmissed phonephone calls,calls,

16、andand thethe like.”like.”可知，可知，PhilipPhilip 有优点也有缺点。由此可有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，人无完人。推知，人无完人。故答案选故答案选 C C。3 3WhatWhat doesdoes thethe underlinedunderlined wordword “defects”“defects”inin Para.Para.2 2 mean?mean?A APraisePraise thatthat youyou givegive toto someonesomeone forfor somethingsomething theythey hav

17、ehave done.done.B BA A faultfault oror a a lacklack ofof somethingsomething thatthat meansmeans thatthat somethingsomething isis notnot perfect.perfect.C CSomethingSomething thatthat youyou wearwear toto changechange youryour appearanceappearance andand hidehide whowho youyou are.are.D D A A veryver

18、y strongstrong feelingfeeling thatthat almostalmost makesmakes youyou sick,sick,causedcaused byby somethingsomething unpleasant.unpleasant.解析：解析：选选 B B词义猜测题。根据第二段词义猜测题。根据第二段“These“These littlelittle behaviorsbehaviors areare annoyingannoying thingsthings lastminutelastminute cancellations,cancellati

19、ons,missedmissed phonephone calls,calls,andand thethe like.”like.”以及本词所在的句以及本词所在的句子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。所以所以 defectdefect 意为意为“瑕疵，缺点瑕疵，缺点”。故答案选故答案选 B B。4 4WhatWhats s thethe bestbest titletitle forfor thethe text?text?A AThanksThanks andand ApologizesApologizes B BA A HigherHigher NumberNu

20、mber forfor MostMost PeoplePeople C CA A GoodGood FriendFriends s NegativeNegative BehaviorsBehaviors D DMyMy FriendFriend PhilipPhilip andand thethe LifetimeLifetime PassPass 解析解析：选选 D D标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了“我我”的朋友的朋友 PhilipPhilip 在在“我我”的生活中所起的作用。的生活中所起的作用。D D 项概括了文章主旨。项概括了文章主旨。故

21、答案选故答案选 D D。B B HybridHybrid carscars (混合动力车混合动力车)areare carscars thatthat runrun onon petrolpetrol andand electricity.electricity.TheyThey havehave a a smallsmall standardstandard petrolpetrol engineengine andand a a batterybattery electricelectric motormotor toto provideprovide electricelectric po

22、wer.power.ThereThere areare somesome differencesdifferences betweenbetween differentdifferent modelsmodels ofof hybridhybrid cars,cars,butbut thethe generalgeneral principleprinciple isis thatthat thethe carcar runsruns onon petrol,petrol,andand thethe electricelectric motormotor kickskicks inin whe

23、nwhen additionaladditional powerpower isis required,required,forfor example,example,whenwhen goinggoing uphilluphill oror accelerating.accelerating.-3-InIn somesome hybridhybrid carscars thethe petrolpetrol engineengine turnsturns itselfitself offoff whenwhen notnot needed,needed,forfor exampleexamp

24、le whenwhen thethe carcar hashas stoppedstopped atat traffictraffic lights,lights,keepingkeeping onlyonly thethe electricelectric engineengine running.running.ConventionalConventional carscars havehave largelarge enginesengines toto dealdeal withwith drivingdriving uphilluphill andand accelerating.a

25、ccelerating.HybridHybrid carscars havehave muchmuch smallersmaller petrolpetrol engines,engines,improvedimproved byby electricelectric motorsmotors whenwhen needed,needed,soso theythey useuse lessless petrol.petrol.AnotherAnother wayway thatthat fuelfuel consumptionconsumption isis cutcut isis byby

26、a a systemsystem ofof “regenerative“regenerative (再生的再生的)braking”.braking”.TheThe electricelectric motormotor isis usedused toto slowslow downdown thethe car,car,ratherrather thanthan conventionalconventional brakes.brakes.TheThe energyenergy producedproduced byby slowingslowing thethe carcar isis c

27、hangedchanged intointo electricalelectrical power,power,whichwhich isis automaticallyautomatically storedstored inin thethe battery.battery.InIn effect,effect,thethe batterybattery rechargesrecharges whenwhen youyou brake.brake.InIn conventionalconventional carscars thethe energyenergy producedprodu

28、ced whenwhen brakingbraking isis wasted.wasted.InIn 1928,1928,FerdinandFerdinand PorschePorsche builtbuilt anan experimentalexperimental hybridhybrid car.car.TheThe firstfirst massproducedmassproduced hybridhybrid car,car,thethe ToyotaToyota Prius,Prius,camecame outout inin JapanJapan atat thethe en

29、dend ofof 1997.1997.However,However,hybridhybrid carscars becamebecame availableavailable inin thethe USAUSA onlyonly inin 1999.1999.AsAs theythey useuse lessless fuel,fuel,hybridhybrid carscars areare cheapercheaper toto run.run.ThereThere areare alsoalso manymany voicesvoices inin placeplace toto

30、encourageencourage peoplepeople toto buybuy them.them.InIn somesome countries,countries,hybridhybrid carcar ownersowners paypay a a lowerlower raterate ofof tax,tax,andand dondont t havehave toto paypay onon certaincertain roads.roads.InIn somesome cities,cities,hybridhybrid carscars areare alloweda

31、llowed toto parkpark forfor free.free.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了以汽油和电为动力的混合动力车，它是一种语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了以汽油和电为动力的混合动力车，它是一种节约能源的汽车。节约能源的汽车。5 5HybridHybrid carscars consumeconsume lessless energyenergy thanthan conventionalconventional carscars becausebecause hybridhybrid carscars havehave _._.A Alargelar

32、ge enginesengines toto dealdeal withwith acceleratingaccelerating B Bconventionalconventional brakesbrakes toto slowslow downdown thethe carcar C Cnono energyenergy consumptionconsumption whenwhen stoppingstopping D Delectricelectric powerpower toto assistassist whenwhen neededneeded 解析：解析：选选 D D细节理

33、解题。根据第三段第二句细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Hybrid“Hybrid carscars havehave muchmuch smallersmaller .useuse lessless petrol.”petrol.”可知，混合动力车必要时有电力支持，所以消耗较少的能源。可知，混合动力车必要时有电力支持，所以消耗较少的能源。6 6InIn regenerativeregenerative braking,braking,_._.A Athethe conventionalconventional brakesbrakes areare usedused toto slowslow

34、downdown thethe carcar B Benergyenergy wastedwasted inin conventionalconventional carscars isis storedstored inin thethe batterybattery C Cthethe batterybattery chargescharges itselfitself whenwhen thethe carcar isis acceleratingaccelerating D Dthethe petrolpetrol engineengine isis usuallyusually tu

35、rnedturned offoff automaticallyautomatically 解析解析：选选 B B细节理解题。根据第三段可知，混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的细节理解题。根据第三段可知，混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的刹车，电动马达降低车速时产生的电能会被自动储存在电池里，而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产刹车，电动马达降低车速时产生的电能会被自动储存在电池里，而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产-4-生的能量，生的能量，由此可知由此可知 B B 项表述正确。项表述正确。7 7FromFrom thethe lastlast paragraphparagraph wewe cancan l

36、earnlearn thatthat hybridhybrid carscars _._.A Awillwill gaingain moremore popularitypopularity B Bwerewere firstfirst availableavailable inin thethe USAUSA C Cfreefree theirtheir ownersowners fromfrom taxtax D Dareare freefree toto parkpark anywhereanywhere inin thethe citycity 解析：解析：选选 A A推理判断题。根据

37、最后一段中的推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As“As theythey useuse lessless fuel,fuel,hybridhybrid carscars .forfor free.”free.”可推知，使用混合动力车有很多好处，所以混合动力车会很受欢迎。可推知，使用混合动力车有很多好处，所以混合动力车会很受欢迎。8 8TheThe mainmain purposepurpose ofof thisthis texttext isis toto _._.A Ashowshow howhow hybridhybrid carscars slowslow downdown B Benc

38、ourageencourage peoplepeople toto buybuy hybridhybrid carscars C Cinforminform peoplepeople ofof a a kindkind ofof energysavingenergysaving carcar D Dexplainexplain whywhy hybridhybrid carscars useuse lessless energyenergy 解析解析：选选 C C写作意图题。本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车写作意图题。本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车混合动力车，混合动力车，故应选择故应选择C C。

39、C C CompleteComplete thethe followingfollowing sentencesentence：“You“You gogo toto thethe librarylibrary toto checkcheck outout .？”TheThe obviousobvious answeranswer isis “books“books”ButBut a a harderharder questionquestion mightmight be,be,“What“What dodo wewe meanmean byby booksbooks？”Nowadays,No

40、wadays,electronicelectronic books,books,oror “ebooks“ebooks”，havehave becomebecome moremore andand moremore popularpopular inin AmericanAmerican society.society.TheThe biggestbiggest onlineonline booksellerbookseller Amazon,Amazon,forfor example,example,recentlyrecently announcedannounced thatthat l

41、essless thanthan fourfour yearsyears afterafter introducingintroducing themthem toto itsits catalog,catalog,itit isis nownow sellingselling moremore electronicelectronic versionsversions ofof itsits bookbook titlestitles thanthan printedprinted ones.ones.LastLast week,week,PewPew InternetInternet Pr

42、ojectProject releasedreleased a a surveysurvey aboutabout thethe useuse ofof ebooksebooks byby librarylibrary customers.Itcustomers.It foundfound thatthat 12%12%ofof AmericansAmericans agedaged 1616 andand olderolder whowho readread ebooksebooks saysay theythey hadhad borrowedborrowed atat leastleas

43、t oneone fromfrom a a librarylibrary withinwithin thethe pastpast year.Butyear.But thethe surveysurvey foundfound thatthat thethe broaderbroader public,public,includingincluding 58%58%ofof thosethose whowho havehave librarylibrary cardscards andand 53%53%ofof peoplepeople whowho ownown electronicele

44、ctronic bookbook readers,readers,areare notnot awareaware thatthat theythey cancan findfind andand checkcheck outout ebooksebooks fromfrom publicpublic libraries,libraries,eveneven thoughthough threethree quartersquarters ofof thethe librarieslibraries offeroffer thatthat service.service.PewPew Inte

45、rnetInternet ProjectProject directordirector LeeLee RainieRainie notednoted thatthat ebookebook borrowingborrowing isis becomingbecoming moremore popularpopular atat thethe samesame timetime thatthat publishers,publishers,whowho areare sellingselling plentyplenty ofof ebooksebooks andand fewerfewer

46、hardcopyhardcopy editions,editions,areare worriedworried thatthat freefree ebookebook checkoutscheckouts atat thethe librarylibrary willwill -5-hurthurt sales.Insales.In February,February,forfor example,example,thethe bigbig publisherpublisher PenguinPenguin BooksBooks stoppedstopped supplyingsupply

47、ing newnew ebooksebooks andand audioaudio booksbooks toto libraries.Penguinlibraries.Penguin justjust reachedreached anan agreementagreement toto resumeresume supplyingsupplying oneone bigbig librarylibrary systemsystem inin NewNew YorkYork CityCity butbut notnot untiluntil sixsix monthsmonths after

48、after newnew titlestitles areare released.Thatreleased.That way,way,thosethose whowho wantwant thethe latestlatest booksbooks willwill havehave toto buybuy them.them.SoSo thingsthings areare a a littlelittle murkymurky (阴暗的阴暗的)inin thethe librarylibrary worldworld whenwhen itit comescomes toto elect

49、ronicelectronic books.Morebooks.More andand moremore customerscustomers wantwant them,them,butbut publisherspublishers areare givinggiving thethe librarieslibraries a a hardhard timetime aboutabout offeringoffering them.Demandthem.Demand isis notnot thethe problem.Supplyproblem.Supply maymay soonsoo

50、n be.be.语语篇篇解解读读：如如今今电电子子书书走走进进了了美美国国的的许许多多地地方方图图书书馆馆，人人们们可可以以从从图图书书馆馆里里借借阅阅。9 9WhatWhat isis thethe functionfunction ofof thethe twotwo questionsquestions inin thethe firstfirst paragraph?paragraph?A AToTo introduceintroduce thethe topictopic ofof thethe passage.passage.B BToTo stressstress thethe