高中英语专题Unit4Globalwarming1WarmingUpPre_readingReadingComprehending试题44.pdf

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1、1 专题专题 UnitUnit 4 4 GlobalGlobal warmingwarming 1 1 WarmingWarming UpUp Pre-readingPre-reading ReadingReading ComprehendingComprehending Words 1._ vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完 2._ n.图表；坐标图；曲线图 3._ adj.胡乱的；任意的 4._ n.现象 5._ vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助 6._ n.燃料 7._ n.量；数量 8._ vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理 9._ prep.每；每一 10._ n.资

2、料；数据 11._ n.趋势；倾向；走向 12._ n.大灾难；浩劫 13._ n.洪水；水灾 14._ vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 15._ adj.反对的；对立的 16._ adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的 17._ n.结果；后果；影响 18._ vt.陈述；说明 19._ n.种类；范围 20._ vi.看一下；扫视 n.一瞥 21._ adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的 22._ adv.平稳地；持续地 Phrases 1._ 发生；造成 2._ 同意；赞成；订购 3._ 大量的 4._ 上升；增长；升起 2 5._ 导致 6._ 反对 7._ 即使 8._ 继续 Sentences

3、1.This makes the greenhouse heat up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period.这使得温室变暖，因此作物能在寒冷时期生长。2.That probably does not seem much to you or me,but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.那个（数值）对你我来说很可能无关紧要，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。3.There is no doubt that the e

4、arth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but naturalphenomenon.毫无疑问，地球是在变暖（如表 1），而地球变暖正是人类活动造成的，并非是一种无规律的自然现象。4.Without the greenhouse effect,the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsious cooler than it is.如果没

5、有温室效应，地球温度将比现在低大约 33 摄氏度。【参考答案】【参考答案】WordsWords：1.consume 2.graph 3.random 4.phenomenon 5.subscribe 6.fuel 7.quantity 8.tend 9.per 10.data 11.trend 12.catastrophe 13.flood 14.oppose 15.opposed 16.mild 17.consequence 18.state 19.range 20.glance 21.steady 22.steadily PhrasesPhrases：e about 2.subscribe

6、 to 3.quantities of 4.go up 5.result in 6.be opposed to 7.even if 8.keep on 3 之词汇篇之词汇篇 1.1.consumeconsume vt.vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完 The factories consume a large amount of coal.这些工厂消耗了大量的煤。We should consume most of our time in reading.我们应该把大部分时间花在读书上。The kids soon consumed all the food on the tab

7、le.孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光了。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】be consumed with 被（某种情感）所折磨 consumer n.消费者 consumption n.消费(量)；消耗(量)time-consuming adj.耗时的 汉译英汉译英 她把大部分时间都花在读书上了。_ 这辆汽车很费汽油。_【答案】She consumed most of her time in reading.The car consumes a lot of ecome aboutabout 出现；发生出现；发生 How did it come about that you were an h

8、our late on such a short trip?这样一次短途旅行你还迟到一小时，这是怎么回事？How did this come about?这是怎么发生的？【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】come about 是不及物动词短语，其后不能接宾语，也没有被动语态，主语一般为物。常指情况不受人控制地突然发生。常用句型：How did it come about that.？某事是怎么发生的？；It come about that.发生了。与 come 有关的其他短语也要记住：come across 被理解；偶然碰见，无意中找到 come along 跟着来；进步；赶快 come back 回来

9、；记起 4 come on 开始；上场；赶快；得了吧 come out（花）开；出版，发行 come to 总计，达到 come up 走近；（从土中）长出，发芽；被提出 come up with 赶上；提出（建议）【易混辨析】【易混辨析】comecome about/happen/takeabout/happen/take place/breakplace/break out/occurout/occur come about 多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么。happen 强调偶然发生，主语往往是事件、事故等，其后可接不定式；常用于It happened that.句型中。take p

10、lace 发生；举行，常指计划或安排好的事情的发生与进行，不含偶然性。break out 多指（战争、火灾、疾病、疫情等的）突然爆发 occur 可指发生偶然事件或产生抽象事物（如思想等）；常用于 It occurs to sb that.结构。【名师点津】【名师点津】表示“发生”的词或短语：come about，happen，occur，take place，break out，都是不及物动词或短语，都没有被动语态。New-comer as you are,if you spend a little more time on your work,I am sure youll _ ahead

11、 in the end.A.come up B.come about C.come through D.come out【答案】【答案】D 3.3.subscribesubscribe （1）v.同意，赞成；捐助，出资；订阅。常见搭配：subscribe to同意/赞成(=agree with)；订阅（报刊等）5 subscribe to为捐助（金钱等）(=contribute to)They havent subscribed to newspapers yet.他们还没有订阅报纸。（2）vt.在签名；签。常见搭配：subscribe to在上签 I subscribed my name t

12、o the document.我在文件上签了名。【名师点津】【名师点津】和 subscribe 连用的 to 是介词，其后要跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。(1)I dont _ the view that girls are slower than boys in science.A.refer to B.see to C.subscribe to D.stick to【答案】C (2)What do you think of the plan to build a power station in the village?I dont _ to it at all.It will ruin t

13、he village.A.respond B.submit C.subscribe D.contribute【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。respond 回应，回复；submit 顺从，屈服，提交；subscribe 同意，赞成，订阅；contribute 贡献。句意：“你认为在这个村子里建一个电站这个计划怎么样？”“我一点也不赞成。它会毁掉这个村子的。”由句意可知，C 选项切题。4.4.quantityquantity n.n.量；数量量；数量 Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.去年大量的石油被海运到日本。As a

14、 result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of desert has covered(cover)the land.由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。6 He likes reading and always buys books in quantity.他喜欢阅读，总是成批地买书。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】a large/small quantity oflarge/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰 可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词 a(large)quantity of 后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数

15、形式 (large)quantities of 后接名词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式 in quantity 在数量上；大量地 in large quantities 大量地 【巧学妙记】【巧学妙记】With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _ each year.A.is washing away B.is being washed away a quantity of 和 quantities of 既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词，谓语动词由 quantity 本身的数决定。There is a la

16、rge quantity of rain in this area.这一地区雨量大。There are large quantities of rain in this area.7 C.are washing away D.are being washed away【答案】D【解析】句意：随着更多森林被毁，每年有许多良田被冲走。quantities of+可数名词复数/不可数名词作主语，其谓语动词要用复数形式，故选 D。5.5.tendtend vi.vi.趋向；易于；照顾；趋向；易于；照顾；vt.vt.照顾，护理照顾，护理 tend to do sth.倾向于做某事 tend to/tow

17、ards sth.倾向于某事 tend(to)sb./sth.照顾（=attend to）Janet tends to get angry if you disagree with her.你如果不顺着珍妮特，她往往容易大发脾气。Mom was usually busy tending(to)my younger sisters.妈妈通常要忙于照顾我的妹妹们。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】tendency n.倾向；偏好 have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事 （1）Take it easy.People to make mistakes when doing things

18、 in a hurry.A.promise B.tend C.offer D.expect【答案】B【解析】句意:放松些,人们在着急做事时总容易犯错。tend to 意为倾向,符合句意。promise 答应,允诺;offer 提供;expect 期待,预料。（2）As many students will graduate from colleges,there is a for unemployment to rise in the summer.A.custom B.tendency C.tension D.supply【答案】B 6.6.gogo upup 上升，增长，升起上升，增长，升

19、起 8 为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。近义词有 rise 和 increase。常见的搭配：go up by 上升了（by 表示上升的程度或幅度）go up to 上升到（to 表示上升的后果）Prices of fruit and vegetables have already gone up水果和蔬菜的价格已经上涨了。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】go 短语总结：go down 倒下，下沉；(物价)下降 go out 出去，(灯)灭 go on 继续 go over 仔细检查；复习 go through 经历，遭受；穿过；完成(工作等)go in for 爱好；对感兴趣；参加 语法填空语法

20、填空 I dont go _ for rock n roll.Its much too noisy for me.If you go _ nature,you will be punished sooner or later.With prices going _ so fast,we cant afford luxuries.(奢侈品)If you want to use my dictionary,go _.Its a spare one.She went _ a lot of hardships in her childhood.【答案】in against up ahead throu

21、gh 7.7.resultresult inin 导致，造成导致，造成的结果的结果 其中 in 是介词，后面跟名词、动名词作宾语。近义词（组）有 cause,bring about,lead to,contribute to。Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。The accident resulted in two deaths.这场意外事故造成两人死亡。【易混辨析】【易混辨析】resultresult in/resultin/result fromfrom 9 result i

22、n 意为“导致，造成”，指引起某种结果，即主语是原因，宾语是结果。result from 意为“因而发生，随发生”，指某种结果是由于某种原因而产生的，即主语是结果，宾语是原因。Lack of exercise results in many illnesses.缺乏锻炼会引起很多疾病。His stomachache resulted from his eating too much.由于吃得太多，他肚子疼。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】as a result 结果 as a result of.由于的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 He has got lung cancer_

23、smoking twenty cigarettes a day.A.so B.as a result of C.as a result D.so that【答案】B 8.8.opposeoppose vt.vt.反对；反抗；与反对；反抗；与(某人某人)较量较量 opposedopposed adj.adj.相反的；对立的相反的；对立的 常见搭配：常见搭配：opposeError!Error!oppose sth.to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗 be opposed to.反对；与对立（to 是介词）The parents strongly opposed their

24、 daughter going there alone.父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees working a lot of overtime.大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员频繁加班。10 My parents strongly _ my _ to go to college out of Beijing,because they dont like my being far away from them.A.enjoy;wish B.oppose;attempt C.advocate;effo

25、rt D.object;desire【答案】B【解析】考查动词和名词辨析。句意：我父母强烈反对我去北京以外的地方上大学，因为他们不喜欢我远离他们。A.enjoy 喜欢，享受；wish 愿望；B.oppose 反对；attempt 尝试，企图；C.advocate 拥护，为辩护；effort 工作，努力；D.object 不赞成，反对（不及物动词）；desire 欲望，愿望。故选 B。9.9.consequenceconsequence n nCC 结果；后果；影响结果；后果；影响 常见搭配：常见搭配：as a consequencein consequence 结果，因此 in consequ

26、ence ofas a consequence of 由于，因为的缘故 answer for the consequences 对后果负责 take the consequences of 承担责任 The city was in ruins in consequence of/as a consequence of a severe earthquake.由于严重的地震，这座城市变成了废墟。She studied hard，and in consequence/as a consequence she passed the examination.她努力学习，结果通过了考试。I was ca

27、ught in the heavy rain and consequently(consequent)I was late.我碰上了大雨，所以迟到了。The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious._,the citizens need to wear masks when going out.A.On the contrary B.In other words C.As a consequence D.On the whole【答案】C 11 10.10.statestate vt.vt.&n.n.陈述，说明陈述，说明（1）vt.陈述

28、，叙述；说明，声明 sth/wh-to do sth 说（明）某事 state oneself to be.宣称自己是 that.说 It is stated that.据说 The facts are already clearly stated in the report.报道已经对事实作了清楚的说明。Please state whether you are married or single.请说明你是已婚或单身。It is stated that the service in that hotel is better than before.据称那家旅馆的服务水平比以前好多了。They

29、 sated that the diamond had been stolen.他们宣称钻石已被偷。（2）C n.状态（况），情况；国家；州，邦 in a(n).state/in a state of 处于的状态 keep up a good state of 保持良好的心态 in a bad/good state 处于坏的/好的状况中 Everything was in a state of disorder.一切都处于紊乱的状态。We must pay taxes to the state.我们必须向国家纳税。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】statement n.陈述，声明 make a sta

30、tement 声明 The minister at first declined to make a statement,but later she agreed.部长起初拒绝发表声明，但后来她同意了。I _ my destination.The driver acknowledged my instructions but did not move off.A.stated B.ordered C.decided D.chose【答案】A 12 11.11.rangerange (1)n.种，类；范围；一系列；山脉；射程。常见搭配：a wide range of 各种各样的 in/withi

31、n range(of)在范围内；在可及的范围内 beyond/out of ones range 超过某人承受的范围 beyond/out of range of 超过的范围 The student has a very wide range of interests.那个学生的兴趣非常广泛。The price of the house is well within our range.这所房子的价格还在我们能承受的范围。The gun has a range of five miles这炮的射程为五英里。Im lucky enough to have a chance of admiring

32、 the view of the great mountain range of the Alps 我非常幸运能有机会欣赏雄伟的阿尔卑斯山脉景色。(2)v.(在一定范围内)变动；排列 range from sth.to sth.range between sth.and sth.处于某范围内 Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。（1）你能击中树梢上的那只鸟吗？Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree？击不中，它在射程之外。No，it

33、s_ _ _（2）This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A.division B.area C.range D.circle 13【答案】【答案】（1）out of range（2）C 12.12.eveneven ifif 即使；尽管即使；尽管 与 even though 同义，引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般时代替将来时。可位于句首或句中 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew.即使我知道我也不会告诉你。He never a

34、pologizes,even though he knows that he is wrong.他从不道歉，即使他错了。I wont go to the wedding even if I am invited.即使被邀请我也不会去参加婚礼。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】引导让步状语从句的连词小结 用 although，though，even though，even if 等引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。用 when 和 while 引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管；虽然”。用 as 引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然；尽管”。用作此意时必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到 as 前面。The e

35、ngineers are so busy that they have no time for sports activities,they have the interest.A.even if B.as if C.whenever D.wherever【答案】A 13.13.keepkeep onon 继续继续 （1）用作不及物动词短语，在句中单独使用 （2）构成短语 keep on doing sth.“继续做某事”14 Keep on until you come to a filling station.继续前进，直到加油站为止。They kept on working althou

36、gh they were tired.他们虽然很疲劳，但还是继续工作。The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football match.大雨没能阻止他们看足球赛。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】keep 构成的短语还有：keep back(与)保持距离；抑制；隐瞒 keep off 不接近 keep out 挡住；使不进入 keep away from 避开 keep up with 赶上；跟上 keep ones word/promise 履行诺言 keep.from(doing)sth 阻止某人做某事 keep in touch wit

37、h 与保持联系 keep to 坚守；遵守；坚持 keep.in mind 记住 用适当的介词或副词填空。用适当的介词或副词填空。We will reach the goal if we keep _ the plan.The captain tried his best to keep our spirits _ He told the boys playing football to keep _ the grass.Keep the children away _ the machine.【答案】to up off from 14.14.glanceglance vi.vi.看一下；瞥一

38、眼；扫视；看一下；瞥一眼；扫视；n.Cn.C一瞥一瞥 glance over/through/at 浏览 at first glance/sight 乍一看 give/take a glance(at)(朝)一瞥 He glanced through/over the newspaper.他大致浏览了一下报纸。15 At first glance the problem seemed easy.乍看之下这个问题似乎很简单。She glanced at her watch and then went out in a hurry.她匆匆看了看表然后匆忙出去了。【易混辨析】【易混辨析】glance

39、/glare/stareglance/glare/stare glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼，强调动作 glare 指怒视，强调敌对、威胁的态度 stare 指由于害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物，也指盯着看 Lily is so shy that whenever she is introduced to strangers,she always at them quickly and then looks down at the ground.A.stares B.glances C.laughs D.points【答案】B【解析】句意:莉莉很害羞,因此每当被介绍给陌生人时,她总

40、是快速看一眼就把头低下看着地了。stare at盯着看,凝视;glance at 一瞥,匆忙看一下;laugh at 嘲笑;point at 指向。B 项符合语境。之句式篇之句式篇 1.1.ThereThere isis nono doubtdoubt thatthat thethe earthearth isis becomingbecoming warmerwarmer andand thatthat itit isis humanhuman activityactivity thatthat hashas causedcaused thisthis globalglobal warmin

41、gwarming ratherrather thanthan a a randomrandom butbut naturalnatural phenomenon.phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和。全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和。全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。Theres no doubt that.意为“是毫无疑问的”。There is(some)doubt 之后常接 whether 引导的从句，表“怀疑是否会”；there is no doubt 后常接that 引 导的从句，表“对毫不怀疑”。doubt 用作动词时，意为“怀

42、疑，不相信”。在肯定句中 doubt 后面的从句由 whether/if 引导；在疑问句或否 定句中 doubt 后面的从句由 that 引导。There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.16 毫无疑问我们做得对。I doubt(I have my doubt)whether/if he is the best man for the job.我怀疑他是否是做这项工作的最佳人选。There is some doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.至于他能否胜任这项工作，还有疑问。（1）I am

43、sure he will come.I have about it.A.no problem B.no hurry C.no doubt D.no wonder【答案】C（2）There is no doubt _ you are bound to have an accident if you drive so fast down the motorway.A.which B.whether C.that D.if【答案】C【解析】考查连词（固定句型）。There is no doubt that是固定句型，意思是“毫无疑问”，其中，that 引导同位语从句。句意：如果你在高速公路上开得这么

44、快，毫无疑问会出事故的。故选 C。2 2.ThatThat probablyprobably doesdoes notnot seemseem muchmuch toto youyou oror meme,butbut itit isis a a rapidrapid increaseincrease whenwhen comparedcompared toto otherother naturalnatural changeschanges.这个数值对你我来说很可能无关紧要这个数值对你我来说很可能无关紧要，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快这却是一种快速的

45、增长速的增长。when compared to.是时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式为：when it is compared to.，状语从句的省略的用法：省略成分：从句主语be 适用的从句：时间、条件、让步等状语从句 省略条件：主从句主语一致或从句主语是 it，且从句谓语含有 be When(she was)very young,she began to learn to play the piano.她很小就开始学弹钢琴。If(it is)necessary,ring me at home.如果有必要，往我家里打电话。【巧学助记】【巧学助记】17 巧记状语从句的省略巧记状语从句的省略 时，条

46、，让，方，地，主语同，谓语 be，二者省去不可惜，从句主语是 it，省去 its 也可以。Children,when _ by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.A.to be accompanied B.to accompany C.accompanying D.accompanied【答案】D .单词拼写单词拼写 1.As a _(结果，后果)of enjoying the paintings,Shelley wanted to become an artist.2.The _(曲线图)shows how house prices

47、 have risen since the 1980s.3.The information is processed in a(n)_(任意的)order.4.In dealing with this new _(现象),I have two points to make.5.Wood,coal,oil,petrol and gas are all different kinds of _(燃料).6.The _(数据)suggests you are heavy cigarette smokers.7.Theres been an upward _(趋势)in sales in the la

48、st few years.8.Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major _(大灾难).9.The heavy rain has caused _(洪水)in many parts of the country.10.A(n)_(一瞥)at my watch showed that it was nearly five and I was bored to death.用框内短语的适当形式完成句子用框内短语的适当形式完成句子 at random，quantities of，build up，result in，go

49、 up,glance at，come about，oppose to，subscribe to，keep on 18 He laughing even after everyone else had fallen silent.Dont worry.We have stored food already.Eating too much fat and sugar will not only overweight but also heart disease.I have many English magazines and newspapers in order to broaden my m

50、ind.How did it that he knew where we were?Each time cigarettes in price,Tom makes up his mind to give up smoking.Running helps tomy leg muscles.Many members my proposal during the discussion yesterday,which upset me greatly.Tomthe book and recognized that it was his lost book.The market researchers