大学毕业论文-—全站仪内存导线兼容数据处理系统的研究以拓普康和徕佧仪器为例.doc
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1、武 汉 大 学硕士专业学位论文全站仪内存导线兼容数据处理系统的研究(以拓普康和徕佧仪器为例)研 究 生 姓 名: 指导教师姓名、职称: 专 业 学 位 名 称: 工 程 硕 士研究方向:全站仪内存导线兼容数据处理系统的研究Memory Traverse Data processing programOf Topcon,Leica total stationBYYuYanWei学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,
2、均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名:日期: 年 月 日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权XXXX大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。涉密论文按学校规定处理。作者签名: 日期: 年 月 日导师签名: 日期: 年 月 日摘 要传统的地形测量是用仪器在野外测量角度、距离、高差,作记录(称外业),在室内作计算、处理,绘制地形图(称内业)等。由于地形测
3、量的主要成果地形图是由测绘人员利用分度器、比例尺等工具模拟测量数据,按图式符号展绘到白纸(绘图纸或聚酯簿膜)上,又俗称白纸测图或模拟法测图。随着电子技术、激光技术、计算机硬件和软件技术的发展,产生了测距仪、全站仪、陀螺仪等光电结合型的测绘仪器,传统的测绘方法因此而发生了巨大的变化。全站仪作为当前应用最为广泛的测绘仪器,是电子技术与光学技术结合发展的光电测量仪器,集测距仪、电子经纬仪的优点于一体。在智能型全站仪中采用了光、电、磁、机的最新科学成果,具有了测距、测角功能。国际上先进的全站仪均以存储卡、内部存储器或电子手薄的方式记录数据,具有双路传输的通讯功能,可以与外部计算机或电子手簿进行数据的相
4、互传递,也可以依靠外部计算机或电子手簿的指令进行测量工作。以全站仪为代表的智能化、数字化仪器是测量仪器今后的发展方向之一。有了全站仪等先进测量仪器和计算机技术的大力支持,就可以建立三维数据自动采集、传输、处理的测量数据处理系统,将传统的手薄记录、手工录入、繁琐计算等大量的重复性的工作角有计算机处理,在减轻工作人员工作强度的同时效益提高了,速度加快了,精度也得到了保证和提高。科学技术的进步,信息化测量仪器全站型电子速测仪的广泛应用,以及微型计算机硬件和软件技术的迅猛发展与渗透,促进了地形测绘的自动化,并成为大比例尺地形测量全面革新的最积极、最有活力的因素和最可靠的技术保障,地形测量从白纸测图变革
5、为数字测图,测量的成果不仅是绘制在纸上的地形图,更重要的是提交可供传输、处理、共享的数字地形信息,即以计算机磁盘为载体的数字地形图,成为信息时代不可缺少的地理信息的重要组成部分。数字化测绘不仅仅是利用计算机辅助绘图,减轻测绘人员的劳动强度,保证地形图绘制质量,提高绘图效率。而更具有深远意义的是由计算机进行数据处理并可以直接建立数字地面模型和电子地图, 为建立地理信息系统提供了可靠的原始数据, 以供国家、城市和行业部门的现代化管理、以及工程设计人员进行计算机辅助设计(CAD)使用。提供地图数字图象等信息资料已成为一些政府管理部门和工程设计、建设单位必不可少的工作,正越来越受到各行各业的普遍重视。
6、通常,将利用全站仪在野外进行数字化地形数据采集,并机助绘制大比例尺地形图的工作,简称为数字测图。本文主要讨论在数字测图外业数据采集的过程中,不使用笔记本或者数字平板,仅使用全站仪的情况下,尽量少甚至不进行手工记录和画草图的工作,最大程度上实现无纸化作业,针对其数据记录功能进行导线计算记录的二次开发,做相应的数据处理;充分利用其编码测量的功能,制作相应的程序模块,达到外业画草图的目的,最终通过内业编辑形成数字地形图。关键词:数字测图 导线计算 数据处理 编码测量 49AbstractOrdnance Survey is a traditional instrument in the field
7、measurement of the angle, distance, height difference, make a record (known outside the industry), in the room to make the calculation, processing, topographic maps (called within the industry) and so on. As the main results of Ordnance Survey - Topographic surveying and mapping personnel by the use
8、 of a protractor, scale simulation tools such as measurement data, according to schematic symbols plotting to White (drawing paper or polyester thin film), they also commonly known as the White Mapping or a simulation mapping.As electronic technology, laser technology, computer hardware and software
9、 technology development, produced a range finder, total station, gyroscopes and other optical mapping apparatus of combined traditional mapping methods therefore has undergone tremendous changes. Total station as the current most widely used mapping instruments, electronic technology and optical tec
10、hnology with the development of electro-optical measuring instruments, set range finder, electronic theodolite advantage in one. In the intelligent use of total station in the light, electricity, magnetism, machines of the latest scientific achievements, with a distance measurement, angle measuring
11、function. Total stations are international advanced memory card, internal memory or electronic way of hand-thin record data, with two-way transmission of communications, with an external computer or electronic hand-book for the mutual transmission of data, you can also rely on an external computer o
12、r Hand book of instructions of electronic measurements. With total station, represented by intelligent and digital instrument is a measuring instrument, one of the future direction of development. With the total station and other advanced measurement instruments and computer technology support, you
13、can create three-dimensional automatic data collection, transmission, processing of measurement data processing system, the traditional hand-thin record, manual entry, a large number of repetitive tedious calculation of the Work Kok on computer processing, in reducing the intensity of the staff work
14、ing at the same time increase efficiency, speed, speed, and accuracy has been secured and enhanced.Scientific and technological progress, information measuring instruments - Total Station Electronic Tachometer wide range of applications, and micro-computer hardware and software technology for the ra
15、pid development and penetration, promote the automation of topographic mapping and become large-scale topographic survey overhaul The most active and dynamic factors and the most reliable technical support, topographic survey mapping changes from white to digital mapping, measuring the results is no
16、t only a topographic map drawn on paper, more importantly, is to submit for transmission , processing and sharing of digital terrain information, namely, computer disks as the carrier of the digital terrain map, the information age to become an indispensable part of an important component of geograp
17、hic information.Digital Mapping is not just the use of computer-aided mapping, surveying and mapping to reduce the labor intensity and topographic mapping to ensure quality, improve drawing efficiency. The more far-reaching is the computer-data processing and direct the establishment of digital terr
18、ain models and digital maps, geographic information systems for the establishment of a reliable raw data for state, city and industry sector, modern management, as well as engineering design personnel in computer-aided design (CAD) to use. Provides a map and other information on digital images has b
19、ecome a number of government management and engineering design, construction units essential to the work of all walks of life are increasingly subject to universal attention. Typically, the total station will be used to conduct in the field of digital terrain data collection, and computer-aided mapp
20、ing large-scale topographic maps of the work, referred to as the digital mapping.This article focuses on mapping out the industry data collection process, notebook or digital flat panels do not apply, only applies to the case of RTK or total station, not even as little as possible for manual records
21、 and sketches of the work to achieve the greatest degree of paperless of operation, data recording functionality for its second development, making the corresponding data processing; take full advantage of the encoding function of measurement to produce the corresponding program modules, reaching ou
22、tside the industry, sketch of the purpose, and eventually within the industry by creating a digital topographic map editing .Key words: digital mapping, calculation, data processing, coding measure目 录摘 要IABSTRACT31 绪论11.1 当代地形图测绘的发展及前景11.2 几种数据采集方法的介绍与分析51.2.1 GPS技术51.2.1.1 GPS静态定位模式51.2.1.2 GPS动态定位
23、模式61.2.1.3 GPS相位差分定位技术61.2.2 利用全站仪数据采集81.2.3 利用超站仪数据采集91.2.4 利用电子平板数据采集101.3 论文研究的动机和目的111.4 研究的内容及解决方法121.4.1 数据处理的内容121.4.2 Visual Basic 6.0 编程语言介绍141.5 论文的组织结构152 数据处理程序的设计172.1 数据采集及数据转换的流程192.2 数据处理软件的功能设计202.2.1 主要功能202.2.2 辅助功能213 数据处理软件的开发和实现213.1 外业导线测量编码规则的设定223.1.1 拓普康全站仪的导线编码设定223.1.2 徕佧
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