外文翻译-外文文献-英文文献-基于社会性软件的个人知识管理应用程序模型的研究.doc

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1、Research on the Application Model ofPersonal Knowledge Management Based on Social SoftwareAbstract：In recent years, Internet has been glutting with Social Software, like Hotmail, MSN, ICQ, etc. How to effectively apply them into Personal Knowledge Management,which is the process of obtaining, evalua

2、ting, arranging, analyzing, revealing and sharing information, is an extremely significant job for educational researchers. Many studies have used one SS in PKM, there is no research on the combination of various SS to apply them effectively in PKM. Our paper, therefore, studies the macrocosm of the

3、 application of various SS in PKM.Keywords：Social Software; Personal Knowledge Management; BLOG, WIKII. INTRODUCTIONSocial Software, the driving force of the new Internet revolution, play an important role in the information share among people. By using SS, the spreading of knowledge and the expansi

4、on of relative information can be strictly followed. Therefore, the natural relationship between SS and personal knowledge management can not be broken off. It wont be hard to imagine that PKM will become part of SS in the future. Therefore, many scholars, companies and individuals have been attract

5、ed to do all kinds of researches, software development and practices, which make the practice of SS in PKM become a new sector. However, in terms of the practices and researches in a certain of SS, macrocosm had been short of. This article will offer a new complete application model of SS which supp

6、orts to PKM.II. SOCIAL SOFTWARE OVERVIEWSocial Software (SS), a result of the socialization of software, has always been a hot topic since 2002. Social software is normally applied to a range of web-enabled software programs. The programs usually allow users to interact, communicate and share inform

7、ation with other users. Users use the SS as a communication means to improve their social relationship, meanwhile they consider the non-social software as an IT tool rather than a communication means. Therefore, SS distinguishes itself from the non-SS by the following points: The software reflects t

8、he social network in the real world when it is being used. The spontaneous grouping and organization. Self-centered, light-duty, easy-united, Web connected. Many 2 Many (Group to Group). The reflection of users identity and trust in software. Software update and self-development. The active individu

9、al participation in groups.Actually, before its widely recognized, SS has already been widely used with the development of the Internet. For example, E-mail and Instant Message are all early SS. But these SS have straightforward aims, mainly on communication. Recently, as the idea of SS becomes clea

10、rer and the Internet grows rapidly, SS reaches its prime time. Many new multi-functional SS, especially those working on spreading, communicating and sharing of knowledge, such as BLOG, WIKI etc., enter the stage. Based on the mission and new development of SS. A. BLOGBLOG is a kind of network publi

11、cation and communication form of personal information and thoughts that is presented chronologically and also it is frequently updated. It is a new channel to post network information and simple to use, which accounts for its popularity. A great number of BLOGGERS (That is BLOG writer) create abunda

12、nt Internet information spontaneously. BLOG makes it more convenient for users to post personal information and it is of great significance on exploring and sharing implicit knowledge.B. RSSRSS is a kind of union pattern of web content, including a set of element data rules used to describe web cont

13、ent and an interactive and provide a multi-beneficial application system to content integrators, content providers and end users. Depending on RSS technology, people can browse the web abstract and news with the on-line or off-line RSS reader, without website login.C. WIKIWIKI is a kind of hypertext

14、 system. It offers a support to community collaborative writing and an auxiliary tool to such writing as well. Many people can maintain WIKI and WIKI provide an access for everyone to post his comment or extend and discuss the common subjects. Accordingly, WIKI means a lot to establishing shared kno

15、wledge base.D. TagTag can also be said to be a key-tag search to find help. But the tag is also different from the general keywords, search using keywords, can only search articles which mentioned the words, but they can tag the article as there is no tag to mark the key words, such as the above tha

16、t articles, I can be marked as data or history, of course, more often labeled as physical, but, if I tag data tag, all the information you can associate all of the articles easy to find. 3.tag significance lies not only in classification, but also because it can reflect each users thinking, life and

17、 feelings. For example, last year you go to Beijing travel, train travel with you and your familys photos, you can identify it to Beijing. Later, when you see this is not Beijings photos, you can think of tourism in Beijing. 4.tag different from ordinary classification, which is built from the botto

18、m up, the general classification is generally established from the top down. 5.tag significance is reflected in the share: through the same tag you want to have to find someone elses blog, network pick, pictures, files, etc.Tag is an identifier of categorization information. Generally speaking, tag

19、is kind of categorization system. However, users themselves set up each tag and there is no need of following some certain categorization system. In sum, its a new approach of organizing information.E. SNSSNS, the full name of Social Networking Services, social networking services, verbal fight Inte

20、rnet application service designed to help people build social networks. Can also refer to information on existing mature universal carriers of society, such as text messaging SMS service. Another common explanation of the SNS: full Social Network Site, that is, social networking or social network. S

21、ocial networking (Social Networking) is a network of relationships between individuals, this site is based on social networking systems thinking social networking sites (SNS website). SNS can also refer to Social Network Software, social networking software is a distributed technology, XSP is using

22、P2P technology, build the next generation network infrastructure based on personal software.SNS is the abbreviation of Social Network Service. According to the theory, users extend the social relationship by making friends through social network software.III. THE ANALYSIS ON THE COMBINATION USAGE OF

23、 THE SS IN PKMA. Theoretical Analysis1) Over turn the idea that one set of SS can support the PKM comprehensively.Due to the difference in individual study style and intelligence, ones successful PKM method cannot achieve the same result or even worse if we just impose the method on another person w

24、ithout any customization. Likewise, the application of the personal SS is no exception.Concerning the SS serving as the PKM tools, there is no one SS that can support the PKM comprehensively. By analyzing the application of various SS in PKM, a conclusion can be reached that despite the common chara

25、cters, these SS obviously vary in their functions. These software work on different aspects of the PKM, such as the social network focusing on the establishment of the social relationship, E-mail, IM mainly work on supporting the social communication, Social Tags, BBS is for the discussion while WIK

26、I for the group cooperation and the sharing of the knowledge. Up to now, BLOG, which is widely used in PKM, is a comparatively comprehensive tool in this area. Its comprehensive support is mainly reflected in the information assessment, organization, demonstration and sharing. Yet, there still are m

27、any problems that cannot be ignored, for example, it is not good at communication and it does not have the function of bookmark and collection.Moreover, because of its short time development, the soaring numbers of participants in BLOG are neither very knowledgeable nor well informed in academic lev

28、el. This fact confines the discussion in BLOG mainly on common daily experience and words like “good talk” “I agree”“hehe” are often seen in its comments.All kinds of SS affect PKM differently. The table II is a summary for the application of all kinds of SS in PKM.2) Combine different sorts of SS i

29、n order to support the PKM comprehensively. According to the analysis and introduction of different sorts of SS in Part two, there is various software which are widely applied and hence leave us many choices. Therefore, individuals could pick up and organize some particular SS that suit them best to

30、 develop a comprehensive combination. In this paper, we attempt to combine different kinds of SS on the basis of BOLG so as to provide effective supports to a better PKM.B. Technology Analysis1) World-wide standardized technologySS is easy to study and use. All of the SS utilize the same network pro

31、tocol and technology, such as, HTML, XML, and RSS etc. They can combine things from different systems to work in one in order to achieve the cooperation among these systems and the association of various functions. For example, by using BLOG, we can use Flicker to send and receive photos, YouTube to

32、 release sound and pictures. Also, BLOG shows the thesis in CiteULike, web page in del.icio.us, the newest up-to-date information on WIKI.2) Easy to useEasy to use is the key to the success of SS. If we ignore this, many clients will no longer stay with the SS. It is advisable to combine different S

33、S that are easy to learn or are already familiar to the netizens. All they should do is to link their familiar software and make their original personal relationship network intact.C. Application Analysis1) Research on the study purposeThe purpose of statistic analysis is to get to know the current

34、clients of the SS and the application basis and the current situation of the SS as well. By doing so, it opens up the vistas of the application of SS in PKM.2) Investigation and Research Data SourceThe follow is cited and translated from Part 5: “The network services frequently used by netizens” in

35、“The 22nd statistics research of Chinese network development, July 24,2008 (CNNIC: China Internet Network Information Center).”According to this research, news-browsing (81.5%), Instant communication (77.2%), search engines (69.2%), emails (62.6%), online movie watching and downloading (71.0%), onli

36、ne music listening and downloading (84.5%) are the top rank of all Internet services. The choices on these three services are about 20% more than the second popular group of Internet services. The second popular group covers the services that receive about 31%-50% votes. These services are BBS(38.8%

37、) and BLOG (42.3%). Alumni group, shopping on line and individual web page etc. form the third group with the votes under 30.0%.3) The analysis of the research outcomeBy analyzing the data above, it is easy to point out that the following SS play important roles in the frequently used Internet servi

38、ces: instant communication (77.2%), email (62.6%), BLOG (42.3), BBS (38.8%). Meanwhile, some other SS such as WIKI and Social Tags are not seen in the statistic form. It shows that these SS are neither very well known nor frequently used.Generally speaking, the fact that SS has already been widely u

39、sed and accepted among netizens can be seen as a good foundation for adopting SS to manage PK. It can be seen in the current research of the SS application that SS has already been widely used. But, after studying the relative network station and materials, there are still some problems which are wa

40、iting to be solved in the paper.a) Various SS are characterized by different functions.It brings about difficulty to users when they try to make their choices of SS to do the PKM.b) Without relative theoretical direction for the application of these SS in PKM, it is hard to guarantee the effectivene

41、ss. This research attempts to provide people with a PKM framework which is based on relative theories in order to achieve an effective PKM.c) Each software is characterized by its own feature. Only one software cannot cover all the needs of users to do the PKM.IV. THEMODEL TO APPLY SSSCOMBINATION IN

42、TO PKMAccording to the characteristics of all kinds of SS, the application model stresses the practice of combination. The pattern is showed in the figure 1.A. The Selection of Platform for CombinationThis pattern chooses BLOG as the platform for combination. BLOG has many users who have already set

43、 individual BLOG in Internet. If BLOG has been used for PKM, the platform does not have to be transferred. Now the function of personal BLOG service is complete and specializes in information arrangement and revelation, therefore, PKM can be supported fairly completely. Besides, most of BLOG provide

44、 several alternate forms, such as RSS, Trackback and the external link, which can complete the inlay between itself and other SS conveniently and effectively.B. Apply other kinds of SS into the Combination ModelTo meet our demands, we should select other kinds of SS to realize the combination betwee

45、n them and BLOG. Therefore, the advantages of these SS in PKM can be exerted and the mutual coupling among all kinds of applications can be achieved.Social Networking Service (SNS) is showed mainly in the establishment of interpersonal network. The help to individuals is based on the formation of in

46、dividual interests and demands, management and the broadening of social interpersonal relationship. That is the command and management of individual interpersonal knowledge which relates to that who knows it and who knows how to do something. In fact a good command of the knowledge contributes to th

47、e establishment of special social relationship with certain experts. Then may be we can obtain and make a good use of the knowledge of experts. The support from the courses of such PKM as information obtain and information appraise can be gained by specialized experts and researchers with common int

48、erests, etc in this interpersonal network. The combination of BLOG platform can be completed by the addition of personal BLOG information into the individual information platform function of SNS.Social tags and folksonomies is a kind of SS which can collect and share super-links, media-documents in

49、Internet. It exerts a great function in information searches of PKM. Individuals can be added to individual BLOG by external links.E-mail, a major tool of communication in Internet, is an indispensable way of contact for the application of other SS service. So it becomes a indispensable and basic tool in PKM. Such SS as individual BLOG, SNS basically provide the function of revelation E-mail address. Then others can obtain ou