高三英语一轮复习状语从句学案.docx

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1、 _ 状语从句状语从句（adverbial clause)，是指“一个句子”做状语，修饰主句的谓语动词或整个主句，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。1.时间状语从句常用引导词：when（在时）, as（当时）, while（在期间）, as soon as（一就）, before（在之前）, after（在.之后）, since（自从.以来） , not.until（直到才）until/till(直到时）等特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant（ 瞬间

2、，顷刻）, no sooner than（一.就.）, hardly when（刚一.就.） , scarcely when（刚.就./一.就.）,as soon as(一就)例句：The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.(1) Last winter_I went there again, they had a bigseparate house to raise dozens of ch

3、ickens.“去年冬天，当我再次回去的时候，他们有一个单独的房子，里面养了几十只鸡。”根据句意，空白处应填连词when/as，意为“当的时候”。(2)_the average age of the population increases,there are more and more old people to care for“随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老人需要照顾。”根据句意，空白处应填连词As，意为“随着”。(3)_I started the car, my mind went blank.一旦我发动车，我的大脑一片空白。根据句意，空白处应填连词Once，意为“一旦”。(4

4、) We need to get to the root of the problem_wecan solve it.“我们需要先找到问题的根源，然后才能解决它。”根据句意，空白处应填连词before，意为“在之前”。2.条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless，特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if（只要.就), providing/provided that（以.为条件;如果）, supposing that（假如;如果）, in case（美语中表条件“如果；万一”，英语中表目的）, on condition that(在.条件下;如果).例句：Well start

5、 our project if the president agrees.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.(1)_we dont stop climate change, many animalsand plants in the world will be gone.如果我们不抵制气候变化，世界上很多动植物将会消失。根据句意，空白处应填连词If，意为“如果”。(2)_you can sleep well, you will lose the ability tofocus, plan a

6、nd stay motivated after one or two nights.如果你睡不好，一两个晚上之后你就不能专注、计划和保持活力。根据句意，空白处应填连词Unless，意为“如果不，除非”。(3) Make sure you save all your work on screen_the computer breaks down.确保保存你桌面上所有的文件，以防电脑系统瘫痪。根据句意，空白处应填连词in case/for fear that，意为“以免，以防”。(4) You wont find paper cutting difficult_youkeep practicing

7、 it.只要/ 如果你继续练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难学。根据句意，空白处应填连词so long as/as long as/if，意为“只要/ 如果”。3. 原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as，for，特殊引导词：seeing that（鉴于;由于）, now that（既然；由于）, in that（因为）, considering that（因为；考虑到）, given that（考虑到;假定）.例句：Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is ha

8、rmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.I really enjoy listening to music_it helps me relaxand takes my mind away from other cares of the day.我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它帮助我放松，转移我的注意力。根据句意，空白处应填because，意为“因为”。4.地点状语从句常用引导词：where，特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere例句：Where there is no rain,

9、farming is difficult or impossible.You should have put the book where you found it.(1) Located_the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu willcontribute more to the Belt and Road construction.处于一带一路的交汇点，江苏省将继续为一带一路建设做出更大贡献。根据句意，空白处应填连词where，意为“在地方”。(2)_he once felt like giving up, he now has thedetermination

10、to push further and keep on going.在他一度想放弃的地方，他现在下定决心要继续前行。根据句意，空白处应填Where，意为“在地方”。(3) Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi_the bus had dropped her.半小时以后，露西还在下公交车的地方，她乘不到出租车。根据句意，空白处应填where，意为“在地方”。5.目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that（以便于;为了），特殊引导词：lest(以防;以免), in case（以防;免得）, for fear t

11、hat（唯恐;生怕;以免），in the hope that（怀着.的希望;希望能.）, for the purpose of（为了.目的）.例句：Take an umbrella in case it rains. I take an umbrella so that(=in order that) I wont get wet in the rain. Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend_they get sweet enough to be eaten.我们等到周末再摘这些桃子吧，这样吃起来才够甜。根据句意，空白处应填短语so t

12、hat，意为“以便，以致于”。6.结果状语从句常用引导词：so that, such that特殊引导词： to the degree that(到.程度), to the extent that（达到.的程度以致）, to such a degree that（达到.的程度以致）. Eg: The boy is so young that he cant go to school. =He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. 7.让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though, 特

13、殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中要倒装)，while (虽然)，no matter,in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever.例句：The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.(1)_running regularly cant make you livef

14、orever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.尽管经常跑步不能让你长生不老，但是这项综述说，它比散步、骑车或游泳更能有效地延长人的寿命。根据句意，空白处应填While/Though/Although,意为“尽管”。(2)_birds use their feathers for flight, some of theirfeathers are for other purposes.尽管鸟儿用羽毛来飞翔，但是它们的一些羽毛却派上其他用场。根据句

15、意，空白处应填连词Although/Though/While，意为“尽管”。(3)_scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still dont know.尽管科学家对宇宙有所了解，但是我们仍有很多未知的东西。根据句意，空白处应填连词 Though/Although/While， 意为“尽管”。8.比较状语从句常用引导词：as/so.as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较), 特殊引导词：the more the more （越来.越.） ; just as(正如) ; A is to B wha

16、t/as X is to Y; A is not so+原级+as B; the 比较级+the 比较级.Eg: The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. It has turned out just as I wished. Food is to men what oil is to machine. The film today is not so interesting as the one yesterday. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runn

17、ers live three years longer_non-runners.根据一项医学期刊的实例综述，跑步的人比不跑步的人寿命长三年。根据句中的比较级 longer，可判断空白处应填连词than。9.方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, 特殊引导词：the way例句: She behaved as if she were the boss.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us._a single word can c

18、hange the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. 正如一个词语能够改变一个句子的意思，一个句子也能改变一个段落的意思。根据句意，空白处应填短语 Just as，意为“正如，就像”。跟状语从句有关的几点补充考查特殊句式(1) It was only when the car pulled up in front of ourhouse_we saw Lily in the passenger seat.只有当汽车在我们的房子前停下来时，我们才看到莉莉坐在乘客席上。题干

19、中含有强调句式，被强调部分是 “only when the car pulled up in front of our house”，因此空白处应填that。It was when I got back to my apartment_I firstcame across my new neighbors.正当我回到公寓的时候，第一次偶遇新邻居。题干中含有强调句式，被强调部分是“when I got back to my apartment”，因此空白处应填that。考查从句中的时态和语态We wont start the work until all the preparations_(ma

20、ke).直到做好所有准备工作，我们才会开始这项工作。在时间和条件状语从句中，如果主句为一般将来时，从句多用现在的某种时态，结合句意，谓语动词应用被动语态，因此空白处应填have been made。James has just arrived, but I didnt know he_(come)until yesterday.James 刚刚到达，但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。题干中含有not.until. 句式，表示“直到才”。主句为一般过去时，从句应用过去将来时，故空白处应填was coming/would come考查状语从句的省略(1) If_(accept) for the job,

21、 youll be informed soon.如果你被录用，你很快就会收到通知。分析句子结构可知，状语从句If (you are) accepted for the job 省略了主语和be 动词，因此空白处应填过去分词 accepted。(2) Children, when_(accompany) by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.只有在父母的陪伴下，孩子们才能进入体育馆。分析句子结构可知，时间状语从句when (they are) accompanied by their parents 中省略了主语和be 动词 are，因此空白处应填过去分词accompanied。考查倒装句Only when Lily walked into the office_she realizethat she had left the contract at home.当Lily 走进办公室时，她才发现她把合同忘在家里了。Only+ 状语从句置于句首，主句应采用部分倒装，主句为一般过去时，故空白处应填助动词did。3学科网（北京）股份有限公司