高三英语一轮复习语法名词性从句之主语从句详解讲义.docx

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1、高中英语语法名词性从句之主语从句详解解析主语从句的定义及其用法主语从句定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句例如：It is still a question whether she will come or not.It is strange that you should like him.It is still unknown which t

2、eam will win the match.另外，还有一些比较多见的结构：It turned out that;It has been proved that;It happened/occurred that;It is well-known that等等而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the fi

3、lm.判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。主语从句的位置情况及用it作形式主语的结构主语从句有个特殊的用法，即it可作形式主语，一般用在主语较复杂的情况下，另外，主语从句在几种情况下不可以放在句首用it作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+that从句It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is common knowledge that 是常识(2

4、) it is +形容词+that从句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) it +不及物动词+that从句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧(4) it is+过去分词+that从句It is reported that 据报道It has been proved that 已证实主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况(1) if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。(2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It is said that President Ji

5、ngo will visit our school next week.(3) It happens, It occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not.(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening

6、?主语从句常用引导词大归纳主语从句是名词性从句的一种，指的是用来充当全句主语的句子，有时还会使用it充当形式主语，主语从句的使用率很高，在各类考试中的出现率也很高，但掌握起来并不容易。1. that引导：例句：That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that不能省略；若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that可以省略：

7、例句：That you didnt go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)例句：It was a pity (that) you didnt go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)2. whether引导例句：Whether they would come is still a question. 他们会不会来还是一个问题。3. 连接代词引导例句：Whoever get the gold apple can be blessed by God. 拿到这个金苹果的人，不管是谁，都会被神祝福。4. 连接副词引导例句

8、：How this happended is now investigated by police. 警察正在调查这件事是怎么发生的。5. 关系代词型what引导例句：What shocked me was that all of these children had no parents. 我很震惊的是这些孩子都没有父母。that引导的主语从句用法详解主语从句就是在句中作主语，主语从句的位置与陈述句中主语位置相同的，统观主语从句的考核占有相当比重在句中不做成分。当主语从句位于句首时，不能省略：That he likes books of this kind is very interesti

9、ng.= Its very interesting (that)he likes books of this kind.这是用的最多的一种主语从句,但把这种主语从句放在句首是很少的,只是为了强调或谓语较长时才这样安排.例如：Thatpriceswill goupiscertain.Thatsheis stillaliveisaconsolation.2.当谓语动词是seem,appear,be a a wonder,be likely等时，使用形式主语It，而将真正的主语放在句尾，这时从属连词that可省略：It appeared to scientists on earth (that) t

10、he stars had moved.还有一些例如：绝大部分主语从句都借助先行主语放到句子后部去.a.It+be+形容词+that从句：It isnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.It wasquiteobviousthatshedidntwanttocome.b.It+be+名词+that从句：Its ashamethatyouresick.Itsapitythathecantswim.c.It+动词（+宾语或状语）+that从句：It happenedthatshewasntinthatday.It seemsthatyoureright.d.

11、It+动词的被动语态+that从句：Its saidthattherehasbeenanearthquakeinIndia.Its reportedthattheenemytroopshavecrossedtheborder.由形式主语 It 引导的主语从句除了三种关联词引导，有时为了考虑句子平衡，也会用形式主语It来引导主语从句，将It放在句首，而将真正的主语移至句末。这种用法更加常见，应用范围也更加广泛。这种用法通常分为四类：一. 以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代真正的主语：Itis certainthatshe will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她会

12、考得很好。二. 以连接代词或副词引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：Whetherthey would support us was a problem.Itwas a problemwhetherthey would support us.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。三. 连接代词what引导的主语从句，既可以将主语从句放在句首也可以使用形式主语：Whathe meant is clear.Itis clear enoughwhathe meant.他的意思很清楚了。四. 如果句子是疑问句，则必须使用形式主语it：Isittruethatthe scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科学家真的要给我们作报告吗?学科网（北京）股份有限公司