中考英语语法知识精讲：动词用法归纳.docx

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1、初中英语语法知识精讲：动词用法归纳既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词这类动词常见的有：like喜欢/ love喜欢/ hate憎恨/ prefer宁可/ begin开始/ start开始/ continue继续/ cant bear不能忍受/ bother麻烦/ intend想要/ attempt试图/ cease停止，等。如：I like to see / seeing people enjoying themselves.我喜欢看到人们玩得开心。I began teaching / to teach English in 1984.我在1984年开始

2、教英语。Dont bother to get / getting dinner for me.请不必费事为我做饭了。注意：当like, love, hate, prefer与would, should连用时，其后只能接不定式。如：Id like to drop in and see you tonight.我想今晚来看你(另外，当begin, start本身为进行时态或后接know, realize, understand等静态动词时，其后的动词只能用不定式。如：He is beginning to work in that company.他即将开始去那个公司工作。After the tal

3、k with his English teacher, he began to like English.跟英语老师谈话之后，他开始喜欢英语了。二、forget, remember, regret后接不定式或动名词含义不同动词forget, remember, regret等接不定式时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后；接动名词作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如：I forgot to tell you about it.我忘记告诉你那件事了。I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn

4、t.我记得我把书给李蕾了，但是他说我没有给。此外，动词forget, remember, regret等接动名词、接动名词的完成式或不定式的完成式作宾语时，意义相同。如：I regretted to have broken the rules of our class. = I regretted having broken the rules of our class.我后悔违反了班规。三、mean后接不定式或动名词含义不同动词mean接不定式作宾语时，表示一种意图，意思是“打算做，想要做”；接动名词作宾语时，表示解释，意思是“意味着，意思是”。如：I didnt mean to bothe

5、r you.我本不想打扰你。What he said means going there by air.他的话的意思是坐飞机去那儿。四、try后接不定式或动名词含义不同try接不定式作宾语时，表示一种决心，意思是“设法做，尽力做”；接动名词作宾语时，表示尝试，意思是“试着做”。如：Ill try to catch up with my class.我将尽力赶上同学们。I tried reading the text without consulting my dictionary.我试着不查词典来阅读课文。五、need, require, want, deserve后接不定式或动名词语态不同n

6、eed, require, want, deserve等表示“需要”的动词后另一动词作宾语时，该动词用不定式或动名词均可，但是其语态不同，即动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，而不定式则用被动形式表示被动意义。如：The flowers need watering every day. = The flowers need to be watered every day.花儿需要每天浇水。注意：若need, require, want后接动词为句子主语所发出的动作，则只能用不定式，不能用动名词。如：I need to water the flowers everyday我需要每天给花浇水。六、can

7、t help后接不定式或动名词含义不同cant help后接不定式时，意思是“不能帮忙做某事”；接动名词作宾语时，意思是“禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事”。如：Im very busy now, so I cant help (to) clean the room.我现在很忙，因此不能帮助打扫房间。The girl couldnt help crying when she saw her mother again.当小女孩再次看到母亲时，她情不自禁地哭了起来。说明：以下两个动词后接不定式或动名词(不一定是用作宾语)意思也不同：go on to do sth(做完某事后)继续做另一事(不定式作状语

8、)go on doing继续做一直在做的事(动名词作状语)stop to do sth停下正在做的事以便去做另一事(不定式作状语)stop doing sth停做正在做的事(动名词作宾语)习惯后接动名词作宾语的动词根据英语习惯，有些动词后接另一动词作宾语时，所接动词习惯上要用动名词形式，而不能用不定式形式，这类动词(及短语动词)主要有：admit承认/ advise建议/ allow允许/ appreciate感激/ avoid避免/ consider考虑/ delay推迟/ deny否认/ discuss讨论/ dislike不喜欢/ enjoy喜爱/ escape逃脱/ excuse原谅/

9、 fancy设想/ finish完成/ forbid禁止/ forgive原谅/ imagine想像/ keep保持/ mention提及/ mind介意/ miss没赶上/ pardon原谅/ permit允许/ practise练习/ prevent阻止/ prohibit禁止/ put off推迟/ report报告/ risk冒险/ stop停止/ suggest建议/ carry on继续/ cant help禁不住/ feel like想要/ give up放弃/ keep on继续/ put off推迟/ set about开始，着手/ object to反对/ insist o

10、n坚持/ pay attention to注意/ stick to坚持/ get down to开始认真做/ look forwards to期盼/ be get used to习惯于/ lead to导致/ be devoted to致力于，专用于，等。如：I don t enjoy going on holiday as much as I used to.我不像以前那么喜欢度假。I keep thinking about Joe, all alone in that place.我老是想到乔，他独自一个人在那种地方。Id advise buying your tickets well i

11、n advance if you want to travel in August.要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。He suggested going together in one car.他建议大家一起坐一辆汽车去。I hate him but I cant escape meeting him.我讨厌他，但又不得不见他。They are practising singing the new song.他们正在练习唱新歌。We decided to put off leaving.我们决定推迟动身。I dontfeel likecooking. Lets eat out.我不想做饭

12、,我们出去吃吧。This dictionary is devoted to explaining word usage.这本词典是解释词的用法的。注意：有的动词(如advise, allow, forbid, permit等)后虽然不能直接跟不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补足语；而有些动词（如consider, understand, discuss等）虽不接不定式作宾语，却可接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。如：He advised me to buy a computer.他建议我买台电脑。Have you considered how to get there?你是否考虑过如何到那儿去? 习

13、惯后接不定式作宾语的动词根据英语习惯，有些动词后面接另一个动词作宾语，所接动词习惯要用不定式形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词(及短语动词)主要的有：afford负担得起/ arrange安排/ ask要求/ care想要/ choose决定/ decide决定/ demand要求/ determine决心/ expect期待，预计/ help帮助/ hesitate犹豫/ hope希望/ long渴望/ manage设法/ offer主动提出/ plan计划/ prepare准备/ pretend假装/ promise答应/ refuse拒绝/ want想要/ wish希望，等。如：No po

14、litician can afford to ignore the power of television.没有哪位政治家能无视电视的力量。Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?你安排了这个周末见马克吗？Did you ask to use the car?你是提出想用这辆车吗？She doesnt care to spend much time with her relatives.她不喜欢花太多时间跟亲戚们呆在一起。Katie chose (= decided) to stay away from work that day.凯蒂决定那天不

15、去上班。Tinas decided to go to Rome for her holidays.蒂娜已决定去罗马度假。He demanded to know the truth.他要求知道事实真相。He determined to learn French.他决定学法语。He expected to fail the examination.他预料自己考试会不及格。How did youmanage tofinish it so soon?你怎么这样快就完成了?He pretended to like us, but he didnt.他假装喜欢我们，但其实并不喜欢。注意：介词一般接动名词作宾语，但是except, but, besides三个介词却习惯上要动词不定式作宾语。如：They are talking about building a bridge over the river.他们在讨论在河上修建一座桥的问题。They helped the farmers to the fields besides to get in their crops.他们除了帮助农民们收割庄稼外还帮助农民们犁田。学科网（北京）股份有限公司