Unit 1 A New Start Using language -高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册.pptx

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1、简单句八种基本句型Do you know the basic sentences?1.我爱你2.你哭了3.我给你一本书4.我令你感到开心5.我们是好朋友6.桌子上有一本书7.我把书放在桌子上8.你在教室里哭试着完成下面几个句子1.我爱你2.你哭了3.我给你一本书4.我令你感到开心5.我们是好朋友1.I love you.2.You cried.3.I gave you a book.4.I made you happy.5.We are friends.6.桌子上有一本书7.我把书放在桌子上8.你在教室里哭6.There is a book on the desk7.I put the boo

2、kr on the desk.8.You cried at the classroom.（1）主语：句子的话题或主题，位于句首，且不能省略（特殊句式除外）。句子的主语可以由多种成分充当，如，名词，代词，形容词，不定式，和现在分词。The school is very big.学校很大。（名词作主语）We work in a big shop.我们在一家大超市工作。（代词作主语）The old should help the young.老人应该帮助年轻人。（形容词作主语）To do some exercise is helpful to you.做锻炼对你有好处。（不定式作主语）reading

3、 books is really boring.读书真无聊。（动名词作主语）What we want is your help.我们想要的是你的帮助。（句子作主语）（2）谓语：又叫谓语动词。可由实义动词和情态动词充当。谓语部分一定是动词。注意，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。例如例句一，主语是第三人称单数，谓语也要用单三形式。谓语部分可以有系动词和实义动词充当，而实义动词又可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词后面需要加宾语，而不及物动词不需要宾语也可以构成完整句子。He is very happy.他很高兴。The star looks very beautiful.这位明星看起

4、来很漂亮。Students have finished the homework.学生们已经完成了家庭作业。He can fly.他会飞。I love you.我爱你.（3）表语：位于系动词，最常见的系动词是：is am are were was.（如 be，become，appear，seem，look，sound，feel，get，smell 等）等表示变化的词后面。He is a engineer.他是位工程师。（名词作表语）Six plus two is eight.5 加 2 等于 7。（数词作表语）I am happy.我觉得不舒服。（形容词作表语）She must be off

5、now.她现在得走了。（副词作表语）My father is not at home.我爸爸不在家。（介词短语作表语）His hobby is reading.他的爱好是读书。（动名词作表语）Ms sisters dream is to make a movie.我姐姐的梦想是要拍一部电影。（不定式作表语）The question was whether it will be Rain 问题是明天是否下雨。（从句作表语）（4）宾语：通常放在谓语动词或介词后面。可以理解为动作的承受者，主语是动作的发出者。Show your IDcard，please.请出身份证。（名词作宾语）My brothe

6、r often helps me.我哥哥经常帮助我。（代词作宾语）He likes to walk in the street.他喜欢在街道上散步。（不定式作宾语）I enjoy shopping with you.我喜欢和你们一起购物。（动名词作宾语）I believe that they can fly.我相信她们能飞。（从句作宾语）宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果（通常指sth.），间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的（通常指sb.）。记忆口诀：人间物直My brother brought his classmates some books.主 谓 间接宾语 直

7、接宾语间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面，但必须加to 或 for。My brother brought some books to his classmates.主 谓 直接宾语 介词间接宾语（5）宾补：英语中，有的时候，一些及物动词只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还要在宾语后面加上宾语补足语进行补充说明，I find learning English difficult.我发现学英语很困难。（形容词作宾补）I saw the bird up and down.我看到鸟上下分来飞去。（副词作宾补）We elected him monitor.我们选他做班长。（名词作宾补）Make yourself

8、at home.别拘束。（介词短语作宾补）The boy asked the dog to lie down.男孩儿命令狗躺下。（不定式短语作宾补）He could hear his heart beating fast.他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。（现在分词作宾补）（6）定语：修饰限定名词或代词的成分，可以由名词，代词，形容词，to do 不定时，现在分词，过去分词，短语 甚至句子来充当。总的来说，定语就是用来修饰名词或代词的词语。The black notebook is his.。（形容词作定语）Whats your telephone number?（代词作定语）They made

9、some paper cars.（名词作定语）The equipment in the room are hers.（介词短语作定语）The tall boy who was in red is Peter.（从句作定语）（7）状语：状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。它表示某个行为或者是动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。They missed me very much.（程度状语）With his help，we couldnt work the problem out.（条件状语）In order to make goodgrades，I must study hard.（目

10、的状语）When I was young，I like reading.（时间状语）2 简单句的基本句型简单句的基本句型（1）主语+谓语（S+V）They laughed.The students arrived.（2）主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O）I love you.I hate you.（3）主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P）He is a teacher.。she was happy.（4）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO）He sent me a message.（=He sent a message to me.）He offered me a offer.（=He

11、 offered a offer to me.）【拓展提升拓展提升】常用的可接双宾语的词：和to 搭配的动词有，更强调风向的概念。bring，give，hand，leave，lend，offer，sell，send，show，tell，throw 等。和for 搭配的动词有，更强调某人拥有的概念。book，buy，call，choose，cook，do，fetch，find，get，keep，save 等。（5）主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+C）The teacher made us happy.We must keep our homeland safe.We found eve

12、rything interesting.I saw him reading on the playground.I had my bike stolen.（6）主语+谓语+状语（S+V+A）He read too much.Jim cried in the street.（7）主语+谓语+宾语+状语（S+V+O+A）He put the book on the table.I listened to her story carefully.（8）存现句（there be）Theres a book on the table.There are two books on the table.分析

13、句子结构分析句子结构（1）I want to leave a good first impression.（2）I had to finish my homework.（3）I found it helpful.（4）We are family.（5）I feel frightened.（6）My favourite stars is Yao ming.（7）I want to fly in the future.（8）The monkey is sleeping.（9）I come from China.（10）My father showed me the way.（11）My dream is to fly.THE END