宾语从句复习.pptx

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1、Learning Aims1Learnaboutwhattheobjectiveclauseisandthentellwhichsentencesaretheobjectiveclausesfromthepassage.2Graspthethreekeypointsoftheobjectiveclause.3Tobeabletodoallkindsofexercisesabouttheobjectiveclause.第1页/共39页Have a discussion in group1IloveEnglish.2Didyourememberhisname?3Thesewordsareverye

2、asy.5Itwokeeverybodyup.6Itwaswrongtopullleavesoffplants.7Illencouragehertoworkharderathislessons.8Whathappenedinourschoolyesterday?第2页/共39页 We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是宾语从句就是宾语由一个句子来构成的由一个句子来构成的.主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句 一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较第3页/共39页 宾语从句是主从复合

3、句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。第4页/共39页Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find

4、 out whats on tonight.Find out the Object Clauses We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .第5页/共39页TheteacheraskedIwaslatetoday.Doyoustillrememberhesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellmecountryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknowyourhometowni

5、s.Nooneknowstheyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoeverwhywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow第6页/共39页2.由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。充当句子成份。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is?（谁的，作定语）（谁的，作定语）2)Could you te

6、ll me why the train is late?（为（为什么，作状语）什么，作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，（谁，作主语）作主语）注：注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g.I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.1.由从属连词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句二二.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词第7页/共39页3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从

7、句引导的宾语从句e.g.I want to know if/whether she is right.They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not.if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，在句中之义，在句中不充当句子成份。不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换可互换,但但whetheror not为固定搭配为固定搭配.看一看：看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains,Ill stay at home.I want to know when

8、 he will come back.When he comes back,please tell me.想一想：想一想：when和和if 可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？点？whenwhen和和if if 既可以引导既可以引导宾语从句宾语从句，也可以引导，也可以引导状语从句状语从句。在宾语。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循主将从现主将从现的的原则原则。第8页/共39页Helen says that she will learn French next year.Do you know w

9、here he comes from?He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓主语在前，谓语在后语在后”的顺序。的顺序。第9页/共39页四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear(that)Jim (be)a worker two years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher now.Jim (cook)dinne

10、r tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.Jim (learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.填一填填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）第10页/共39页2.2

11、.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）一致。（呼应性原则）1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kong.2)He sick.3)He a book.4)HeHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finish

12、ed 第11页/共39页确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时had done第12页/共39页 3.3.当宾语从句说明的是当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用，就不用受到主句时态的限制

13、，仍是用一般现在一般现在时态。（时态。（特殊性原则）特殊性原则）He told me(that)Summer is after Spring.I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me(that)no news is good news.比一比,想一想第13页/共39页1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不同时态。不同时态。注意事项vCould Could you you please plea

14、se tell tell me me where where we we _our_our tickets?(show)tickets?(show)vWould Would you you like like to to know know when when he he _ _ back?back?(come)(come)showwill come第14页/共39页引引导导词词陈述句陈述句(主主+v/主主+adj.):特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:一般疑问句一般疑问句:祈使句祈使句:先先_后后_(that)特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/how much/how many.if/

15、whethertell/ask sb.(not)to do.主谓语语序序时时态态宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素主句为现在时，从句的时态根据主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。而定。主句为主句为过去时过去时，从句的时态用从句的时态用_时态时态。实际情况相应的过去第15页/共39页主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态根据句意的需要用任意一种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态与原句相对应的过去的时态 客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等谚语等 一律用一般

16、现在时一律用一般现在时 3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。注意：第16页/共39页第17页/共39页1.曾老师问他为什么迟到了。Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school。2.我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。I dont know what did he do yesterday.3.晏主任问她怎么了。Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.4.何老师说过月亮绕着地球转。Miss He said that the moon moved round the earth第18页/共39页5.我有信心你们明

17、天一定考得好。Im confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow.6.他们不确定明天是否转冷。They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.第19页/共39页1.Miss Zeng asked why was he late for school.(集英社）语序必须语序必须先主语后谓语先主语后谓语。主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。2.I dont know what did he do yesterday.（Warm Home)he wasa.a.宾

18、语从句的助动词要去掉宾语从句的助动词要去掉.主句为现在时，从句出现主句为现在时，从句出现yesterdayyesterday的过去时间，因的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。此从句用过去时。he did第20页/共39页3.Director Yan asked what the matter was with her.4.Miss He said that the moon went round the earth.what was the matter with hergoes 从句内容为从句内容为真理真理时，从句的时态用时，从句的时态用一般现在时。一般现在时。whwhatat在这里既做引导词，也

19、做主语。仍用疑在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。问句语序。whwho o.,which is.,which is同理。同理。第21页/共39页5.Im confident that you will do well in the exam tomorrow.whetherb.只能用只能用whether:(1)与 or not连用(2)不定式前：whether+to do(3)介词+whether 6.They are uncertain that if it will turn cold or not tomorrow.主语主语+形容词，宾语从句用形容词，宾语从句用thatthat引

20、导引导.a.a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。第22页/共39页Attention I asked her _ she had a bike.Were worried about _ he is safe.I dont know _ he has recovered or not.He cant decide to stay.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether第23页/共39页whether or if?Letmeknow_youcancomeornot.Iwonder_Icangetsomeadvicefromyou.Idontknow

21、_toacceptorrefuse.whetherwhether/ifwhether第24页/共39页当主句的谓语动词是当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。I dont think she is right.我认为她不对。我认为她不对。我相信他不会通过考试。我相信他不会通过考试。注意三：否定转移注意三：否定转移I dont believe he will pass the exam.第25页/共39页否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，belie

22、ve,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)I dont think he will come with you.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)I dont believe he has finished the work,_?(7)He knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾 语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语 由主句的主语充当。has hedidnt he第26

23、页/共39页1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput即时练习即时练习第27页/共39页1.-Can you make sure _?-Sorry,I cant.But I saw her just now.A.where did she go B.where she had gone

24、C.where she has gone D.where will she go 2.I wanted to know _.A.what did she say B.why does she go to bed late C.why she went to bed late D.why she goes to bed lateCC第28页/共39页3.He is not sure _ to watch TV or go to bed.A.if B.whether C.that D./4.I dont know _ he will come or not.A.if B.whether C.tha

25、t D./BB第29页/共39页5.-I dont know if he _ to Kates birthday party.-Hes sure to go if he _.A.goes,knows B.will go,knows C.goes,will know D.go,know6.She asked the doctor _ keep healthy.A.how to B.how could sheC.how she could D.how can sheB是否是否假如假如A.C宾语从句与特殊疑问词宾语从句与特殊疑问词+不定式不定式可互换。可互换。第30页/共39页how to do i

26、t 与与 what to do 的区别的区别D 7.-Could you tell me _?-Its next to the post office.A.where the supermarket is B.where is the supermarket C.where was the supermarket D.where the supermarket wasAcould表示委婉的语气表示委婉的语气,不是过去时不是过去时8.Could you tell me _ it.A.what can I do B.how can I do C.what to do D.how to do特殊用法

27、5第31页/共39页1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear they _ (return)it already.5.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)6.The teacher told his class that light _ faster t

28、han sound.(travel)7.I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)8.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)will be goes were playing have returned travels are talking were were doing第32页/共39页9.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)10.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.1

29、1.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)12.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)13.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has takenrisesdid第33页/共39页将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could

30、 you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with

31、them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.第34页/共39页7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when

32、 he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.第35页/共39页宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结第36页/共39页HomeworkHomework1.Review the object clause.2.Go over carefully.Thank you for listening!Good bye!第37页/共39页Thanks第38页/共39页感谢您的观看！第39页/共39页