宾语从句的用法归纳 (2).ppt

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1、一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1.由that引导的宾语从句。如：We knew(that)we should learn from each other.2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3.由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?二、宾语从句引导词、语序与时态二、宾语从句引导词、语序与时态1.1.引导词引导词 假如从句是陈述句

2、，引导词用假如从句是陈述句，引导词用that(thatthat(that在口语或非正式文体在口语或非正式文体中常省略中常省略)；假如从句是一般疑问句，引导词用；假如从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whetherif/whether；假如；假如从句是非凡疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词从句是非凡疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。副词。2.2.语序语序 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher He is an hon

3、est boy.The teacher said.The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.said(that)he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和非凡疑问句（特殊疑问句）变为宾语从句，语一般疑问句和非凡疑问句（特殊疑问句）变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard?I wonder.I wonder if/whether he Does he work hard?I wonder.I wonder if/whether he works hard.works hard.When di

4、d he leave?I dont know.I dont know when When did he leave?I dont know.I dont know when he left.he left.3.时态时态 假如主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据假如主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：实际情况而定。如：I have heard(that)he will come back next week.假如主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时假如主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：He said(that)there w

5、ere no classes yesterday.注重：假如宾语从句表述的是客观注重：假如宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用三、人称的变化和标点的使用 1.从句的主语假如是第一人称，变为宾从句的主语假如是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；假如是第二人语从句则与主句的主语一致；假如是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；假如是第三人称，称，则与主句的宾语一

6、致；假如是第三人称，不用变化。如：不用变化。如：“May I use your knife?”He asked me.He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk?I dont know.

7、I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know?Where does he live?Do you know where he lives?四、四、if和和when既能引导时间状语从句，既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。又能引导宾语从句。if和和和和when既能引导时间状语从句，又既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，碰到它们就要认能引导宾语从句。因此，碰到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔两副面孔”的哪一副。如：的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow,I wont come.(时间

8、状时间状语从句语从句)I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.(宾语从句宾语从句)五、从句的简化五、从句的简化 1.当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或的不定式或V-ing形式。如：形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.2.当主句谓语动词是当主

9、句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me with my maths.3.在连接代词在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词连接代词/副词不定副词不定式式”结构。如：结

10、构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station?Can you tell me how to get to the station？六、宾语从句的用法顺口溜：六、宾语从句的用法顺口溜：宾语从句三姊妹，宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。展风采。展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。陈述请你选陈述请你选that，疑问需用，疑问需用if/whether连。连。非凡问句（特殊疑问句）作宾从，原来问词不用换。非凡问

11、句（特殊疑问句）作宾从，原来问词不用换。三关过后莫自得，人称、标点需注重。三关过后莫自得，人称、标点需注重。留意变脸的留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。，从句的简化记心间。宾语从句习题基础练习宾语从句习题基础练习1.Have you decided _for Australia?A.when will you leave B.when do you leaveC.when you will leave2.Can you tell me _?A.where does Tom live B.where Tom livedC.where Tom lives3.The old man ask

12、ed me _.A.where was the cinema B.where is the cinemaC.where the cinema was 4.I think _ you will like him.A.that B.if C.why B.5.I didnt know _ he will come or not.A.that B.whether C.weather6.I wonder _.A.how much cost these shoesB.B.how much do these shoes costC.how much these shoes cost 7.She asked

13、me _.A.who he was B.who was he C.who he is8.Ask him _.A.whose cup this is B.whose cup is this B.C.this is whose cup C.9.I dont know _.D.what time the movie starts E.what time starts the movieC.the time to start the movie 10.The doctor asked me how long _.A.was I ill B.I had been illC.I have been ill

14、 11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A.if it rains tomorrow B.if does it rain tomorrowC.if it will rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _?A.whose pen is this B.whose pen this isC.whom does the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _?A.the tape was B.was the tape C.the tape is B.14.They want to know _?A.

15、where is the hospital B.how old are youC.when the train will leave 15.Tony wanted to know _.A.what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB.when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC.what had Father Christmas put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to

16、 give us a talk or not.A.When B.whether C.if17.July didnt know_.A.where is Tims father B.when was the first watch madeC.what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _,so we need your help.A.how should we do B.what we should do B.C.what to do C.19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out

17、 land and sea.A.how do it B.how to do C.what to do20.He asked me _.A.whether I find out the sender of the moneyB.whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC.whether I found out the sender of the money21.Did you hear _?A.what did I say B.what I said C.I said what B.22.Can you tell me _?A.which cl

18、ass you are in B.which class are you inC.you are in which class 23.-Excuse me.Could you tell me _?-Certainly.A.when can I get to the station B.B.I can get to which stationC.how I can get to the station24.Could you tell me where _ yesterday?A.did you go B.you go C.you went25.Tom asked me _.A.whose sh

19、irt was this B.whose shirt this wasC.who shirt was this26.Excuse me,could you tell me _?A.wheres the teachers office B.wheres the bus station C.where the post office is27.I want to see Mrs.Wang,but I dont know _.A.she lives where B.where she lives B.C.where does she live28.-Go and ask Mr.White for h

20、elp.-But I dont know _.A.where does he live B.where he livesC.where is he living29.-Can you tell me _?-Yes,he lives in a small town.A.where he lives B.who is singing C.when he will leave30.Have you decided _ for London?A.when will you leave B.when you will leaveC.when are you going31.Excuse me.Could

21、 you tell me _our tickets?A.where do we show B.where shall we showC.where we shall show32.-What are you interested in about cooking food?-We are all interested in _.A.how egg is fried B.how is egg fried C.how egg fries 33.Do you know _?A.what it is B.what is it C.who is he B.34.Do you know _?C.whose

22、 book is this B.whose book this is C.this book is whose D.35.I dont know _ now.E.where is my cat B.my cat is where F.C.where my cat is36.Does he know _?A.whats your name B.what your is name B.C.what your name is37.Do you know _?A.which floor he lives B.which floor he lives onC.which floor does he lives on38.Can you tell me where _?A.is the hospital B.the hospital is C.is hospital B.39.He hasnt decided _.A.if hell go on a trip to Wuxi B.when will he go on a trip to WuxiC.if he goes on a trip to Wuxi 40.Can you see _?A.what hes reading B.what is he readingC.what does he read